بونگ‌بونگ ماركوس
Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos Jr.[5][6] (بالإنگليزية /ˈmɑːrkɔːs/,[7] تگالوگ: [ˈmaɾkɔs]; born September 13, 1957), commonly referred to as Bongbong Marcos or BBM, is a Filipino politician who is the president-elect of the Philippines. He previously served as a senator from 2010 to 2016. He is the second child and only son of former president and dictator[8] Ferdinand Marcos Sr. and former first lady Imelda Romualdez Marcos.[5]
فرديناند ر. ماركوس الابن | |
|---|---|
 ماركوس عام 2012 | |
| President-elect of the Philippines (presumptive)[1][2][3] | |
| Assuming office June 30, 2022 | |
| نائب الرئيس | Sara Duterte (elect) |
| يخلف | Rodrigo Duterte |
| Senator of the Philippines | |
| في المنصب June 30, 2010 – June 30, 2016 | |
| Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Ilocos Norte's 2nd district | |
| في المنصب June 30, 2007 – June 30, 2010 | |
| سبقه | Imee Marcos |
| خلـَفه | Imelda Marcos |
| في المنصب June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1995 | |
| سبقه | Mariano Nalupta Jr. |
| خلـَفه | Simeon Valdez |
| Governor of Ilocos Norte | |
| في المنصب June 30, 1998 – June 30, 2007 | |
| سبقه | Rodolfo Fariñas |
| خلـَفه | Michael Marcos Keon |
| في المنصب March 23, 1983 – 1986 | |
| سبقه | Elizabeth Keon |
| خلـَفه | Castor Raval (OIC) |
| Vice Governor of Ilocos Norte | |
| في المنصب 1980 – March 23, 1983 | |
| تفاصيل شخصية | |
| وُلِد | Ferdinand Romualdez Marcos Jr. 13 سبتمبر 1957 Manila, Philippines |
| الحزب | PFP (2021–present) Nacionalista (2009–2021) Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (1980–2009) |
| الزوج | Louise Araneta (ز. 1993)[4] |
| الأنجال | 3 |
| الوالدان | Ferdinand Marcos Sr. Imelda Marcos |
| الأقارب | Marcos family |
| المدرسة الأم | St Edmund Hall, Oxford (special diploma) Wharton Business School, University of Pennsylvania (did not graduate) |
| التوقيع |  |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | www |
In 1980, the 23-year-old Marcos Jr. became vice governor of Ilocos Norte, running unopposed under the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan party of his father, who was ruling the Philippines under martial law at the time.[9] He then became governor of Ilocos Norte in 1983, holding that office until his family was ousted from power by the People Power Revolution and fled into exile in Hawaii in February 1986.[10] After the death of his father in 1989, President Corazon Aquino eventually allowed the remaining members of the Marcos family to return to the Philippines to face various charges.[11] He and his mother are currently facing arrest in the United States and its territories for defying a court order to pay US$353 million in restitution to human rights abuse victims of his father's dictatorship.[12]
Marcos was elected as representative of Ilocos Norte's 2nd congressional district from 1992 to 1995. Marcos ran for and was elected governor of Ilocos Norte again in 1998. After nine years, he returned to his previous position as representative from 2007 to 2010, then became senator under the Nacionalista Party from 2010 to 2016.[13] In 2015, Marcos ran for vice president in the 2016 election. With a difference of 263,473 votes and 0.64 percent difference, Marcos lost to Camarines Sur representative Leni Robredo.[14] In response, Marcos filed an electoral protest at the Presidential Electoral Tribunal. His petition was later unanimously dismissed after the pilot recount of the chosen provinces of Negros Oriental, Iloilo and Camarines Sur resulted in Robredo widening her lead by 15,093 additional votes.[15][16]
In 2021, Marcos announced that he would run for president of the Philippines in the 2022 election, under the Partido Federal ng Pilipinas (PFP),[17] which he won.[1] His camp received criticism from fact-checkers and disinformation scholars, who found his campaign to be driven by historical negationism aimed at revamping the Marcos brand and smearing his rivals.[18] His campaign has also been accused of whitewashing the human rights abuses and plunder that took place during his father's presidency.[18] The Washington Post has noted how the historical distortionism of the Marcoses has been underway since the 2000s, while The New York Times cited his convictions of tax fraud, including his refusal to pay his family's estate taxes, and misrepresentation of his education at the University of Oxford.[19][20]
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Early life and education
During the Marcos regime
Vice governorship and governorship in Ilocos Norte
Chairmanship of Philcomsat board
Ill-gotten Marcos family wealth
EDSA revolution and exile (1986–1991)
Return to the Philippines and later activities (1991–present)
House of Representatives, first term
Compromise deal attempt
Ilocos Norte governor, second term
House of Representatives, second term
Senate career
2014 PDAF Pork Barrel Scam
2016 Commission on Audit suit
- Social Development Program for Farmers Foundation (SDPFFI) – قالب:₱ million
- Countrywide Agri and Rural Economic Development Foundation (CARED) – قالب:₱ million
- People's Organization for Progress and Development Foundation (POPDFI) – قالب:₱ million
- Health Education Assistance Resettlement Training Services (HEARTS) – قالب:₱ million
- Kaupdanan Para Sa Mangunguma Foundation (KMFI) – قالب:₱ million
- National Livelihood Development Corporation (NLDC) – قالب:₱ million
These NGOs were found by the Commission on Audit (COA) as bogus with shady or non-existent offices.[21]
2016 vice presidential campaign
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Election results protest
2022 presidential campaign
Court cases
Income and estate tax case convictions
2007 Payanig sa Pasig property case motion
2011 Hawaii contempt judgement
Public profile
Historical distortionism
Online presence
Personal life
References
- ^ أ ب "The son of late dictator Marcos has won the Philippines' presidential election". Associated Press. Manila. NPR. May 10, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ^ "Biden, Xi congratulate Marcos Jr on Philippine presidential win". Al Jazeera. May 12, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ^ Cabato, Regine; Westfall, Sammy (May 10, 2022). "Marcos family once ousted by uprising wins Philippines vote in landslide". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ^ "Bongbong takes a bride". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. April 19, 1993. p. 4. Retrieved October 10, 2021.
Rep. Ferdinand (Bongbong) Marcos II wed his fiancee, Louise 'Lisa' Araneta Saturday [April 17] at the Church of St. Francis in Siesole [ك], Italy.
- ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةSydneyMorningHerald20121124 - ^ "Senator Ferdinand "Bongbong" R. Marcos Jr". Senate of the Philippines. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
- ^ The New Webster's Dictionary of the English Language. Lexicon Publications, Inc. 1994. p. 609. ISBN 0-7172-4690-6.
- ^ David, Chaikin; Sharman, J.C. (2009). "The Marcos Kleptocracy". Corruption and Money Laundering: A Symbiotic Relationship. Palgrave Series on Asian Governance. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 153–186. doi:10.1057/9780230622456_7. ISBN 978-0-230-61360-7.
- ^ Ellison, Katherine W. (2005). Imelda, steel butterfly of the Philippines. Lincoln, Nebraska.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Holley, David (February 28, 1986). "Speculation Grows: Marcos May Stay at Luxurious Hawaii Estate". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from the original on September 21, 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
- ^ Mydans, Seth (November 4, 1991). "Imelda Marcos Returns to Philippines". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
- ^ Robles, Alan (May 2, 2022). "Philippine election: Who is Bongbong Marcos, what's his platform and China views, and why can't he visit the US?". South China Morning Post.
- ^ "List of Committees". Senate of the Philippines. February 5, 2014. Retrieved March 14, 2014.
- ^ "Bongbong Marcos running for vice president in 2016". CNN. October 5, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
- ^ "Marcos heir loses bid to overturn Philippine VP election loss". The South China Morning Post (in الإنجليزية). Agence France-Presse. February 16, 2021. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
- ^ "Supreme Court unanimously junks Marcos' VP poll protest vs Robredo". CNN Philippines (in الإنجليزية). February 16, 2021. Retrieved February 16, 2021.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Dictator's son Bongbong Marcos files candidacy for president". RAPPLER (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). October 6, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
- ^ أ ب "Filipinos fall for fake history". The Standard (Hong Kong). Agence France-Presse. March 30, 2022.
- ^ "How the Philippines' brutal history is being whitewashed for voters". Washington Post (in الإنجليزية). April 12, 2022. Retrieved April 23, 2022.
- ^ Wee, Sui-Lee (May 1, 2022). "'We Want Change': In the Philippines, Young People Aim to Upend an Election". The New York Times (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 2, 2022.
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةbongbongMarcosPlunder
External links
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- Marcos Family
- The Marcos Regime Research (MRR) program by the University of the Philippines Third World Studies Center
- The Martial Law Memorial Museum
- The Martial Law Chronicles Project
قالب:Candidates in the Philippine presidential election, 2016