1211

القرون: قرن 12 · قرن 13 · قرن 14
العقود: ع1180 ع1190 ع1200 ع1210 ع1220 ع1230 ع1240
السنوات: 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214
ألفية: الألفية 2
قرون: القرن 12 – القرن 13 – القرن 14
عقود: عقد 1180  عقد 1190  عقد 1200  – عقد 1210 –  عقد 1220  عقد 1230  عقد 1240
سنين: 1208 1209 1210 – 1211 – 1212 1213 1214
تصوير معركة يهولنگ.
1211 حسب الموضوع
السياسة
زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة
تصنيفا المواليد والوفيات
المواليد – الوفيات
تصنيفا التأسيسات والانحلالات
التأسيسات – الانحلالات
الفن والأدب
1211 في الشعر
1211 في التقاويم الأخرى
التقويم الگريگوري1211
MCCXI
آب أوربه كونديتا1964
التقويم الأرمني660
ԹՎ ՈԿ
التقويم الآشوري5961
التقويم البهائي−633 – −632
التقويم البنغالي618
التقويم الأمازيغي2161
سنة العهد الإنگليزي12 Joh. 1 – 13 Joh. 1
التقويم البوذي1755
التقويم البورمي573
التقويم البيزنطي6719–6720
التقويم الصيني庚午年 (المعدن الحصان)
3907 أو 3847
    — إلى —
辛未年 (المعدن الماعز)
3908 أو 3848
التقويم القبطي927–928
التقويم الديسكوردي2377
التقويم الإثيوپي1203–1204
التقويم العبري4971–4972
التقاويم الهندوسية
 - ڤيكرام سامڤات1267–1268
 - شاكا سامڤات1133–1134
 - كالي يوگا4312–4313
تقويم الهولوسين11211
تقويم الإگبو211–212
التقويم الإيراني589–590
التقويم الهجري607–608
التقويم اليابانيJōgen (Kamakura period) 5 / Kenryaku 1
(建暦元年)
تقويم جوچىN/A
التقويم اليوليوسي1211
MCCXI
التقويم الكوري3544
تقويم مينگوو701 قبل جمهورية الصين
民前701年
التقويم الشمسي التايلندي1754
This box:

Year 1211 (MCCXI) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.

أحداث

حسب المكان

الإمبراطورية البيزنطية

  • June 17 – Battle of Antioch on the Meander: Seljuk forces led by Sultan Kaykhusraw I are initially victorious with the Latin mercenary cavalry (some 800 men) bearing the brunt of the casualties due to their flanking charge; exhausted by the effort in their attack, the Latin army under Emperor Theodore I Laskaris is struck in the flank and rear by the Seljuk forces. However, the Seljuks stop the fight in order to plunder the Latin camp – which allows Theodore's forces to rally and counter-attack the now disorganized Turks. Meanwhile, Kaykhusraw seeks out Theodore and engages him in single combat, but he is unhorsed and beheaded. The Seljuks are routed and the former Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos, Theodore's father-in-law, is captured and imprisoned, ending his days in enforced monastic seclusion.[1]
  • October 15 – Battle of the Rhyndacus: Latin emperor Henry of Flanders lands with an expeditionary force (some 3,000 men) at Pegai, and marches eastwards to the Rhyndacus River. The Byzantine army (much larger in force overall) under Theodore I prepare an ambush, but Henry assaults his positions along the river and defeats the Byzantine army in a day-long battle. Henry marches unopposed through the remaining Byzantine lands, reaching south as far as Nymphaion.[2]

إمبراطورية المنغول

  • Spring – Genghis Khan summons his Mongol chieftains, and prepares to wage war against the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty in northern China. He advances across the Gobi Desert with a massive army of 100,000 warriors with 300,000 horses, strung out in perhaps 10–20 groups of 5,000–10,000 men each, each with camel-drawn carts, and all linked by fast-moving messengers. Meanwhile, the Jin Government mobilizes an army of 800,000 men, most of which are untrained peasants with low morale, and some 150,000 highly-trained cavalry. This vast army, however, is spread across the Great Wall, and garrisoned separate fortresses.[3]
  • Battle of Yehuling: Genghis Khan bypasses the Great Wall with little opposition, and splits his forces into two armies. The main army (60,000 men) is led by himself, and the other army is taken by his son Ögedei to attack the city of Datong. Genghis heads for the strategic Juyong Pass ("Young Badger's Mouth") – which leads down to the capital of Zhongdu (modern-day Beijing), but along the way he is halted at the pass of Yehuling where the bulk of the Jin army awaits him. Between March and October, the battle is fought in three stages, after Genghis has defeated the Jin forces, he begins raiding the countryside before he withdraws for the winter.[4]

أوروبا

بريطانيا

  • Summer – King John of England ("Lackland") campaigns in Wales against Llywelyn the Great, prince of Gwynedd. In July, after the Welsh uprising, John and Llywelyn reach an agreement and a peace treaty is signed.
  • June – Papal legate Pandulf Verraccio arrives in Northampton to serve John with his excommunication ordered by Innocent III. For John this is a serious blow to his ability to rule the country.
  • John sends a gift of herrings to nunneries in almost every shire, despite his status as an excommunicant.
  • The Papal Interdict of 1208 laid by Innocent III remains in force after John refuses to accept the pope's appointee.

آسيا

حسب الموضوع

الدين

مواليد

وفيات

المراجع

  1. ^ Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary, pp. 131–132. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1.
  2. ^ Macrides, Ruth (2007). George Akropolites: The History – Introduction, Translation and Commentary, pp. 148–153. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921067-1.
  3. ^ Man, John (2011). Genghis Khan: Life, death and Resurrection, p. 164. ISBN 978-0-553-81498-9.
  4. ^ Wolter J. Fabrycky; P. M. Ghare; Paul E. Torgersen (1972). Industrial operations research, p. 313. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-464263-5.
  5. ^ Peter of les Vaux de Cernay (1998). The History of the Albigensian Crusade: Peter of les Vaux-de-Cernay's Historia Albigensis, p. 215. ISBN 0-85115-807-2.
  6. ^ Williams Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 133. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
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