1108
| القرون: | قرن 11 · قرن 12 · قرن 13 |
| العقود: | ع1070 ع1080 ع1090 ع1100 ع1110 ع1120 ع1130 |
| السنوات: | 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 2 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 11 – القرن 12 – القرن 13 |
| عقود: | عقد 1070 عقد 1080 عقد 1090 – عقد 1100 – عقد 1110 عقد 1120 عقد 1130 |
| سنين: | 1105 1106 1107 – 1108 – 1109 1110 1111 |
| 1108 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| التأسيسات – الانحلالات | |
| الفنون والآداب | |
| 1108 في الشعر | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 1108 MCVIII |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1861 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 557 ԹՎ ՇԾԷ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5858 |
| التقويم البهائي | −736 – −735 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 515 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 2058 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | 8 Hen. 1 – 9 Hen. 1 |
| التقويم البوذي | 1652 |
| التقويم البورمي | 470 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6616–6617 |
| التقويم الصيني | 丁亥年 (النار الخنزير) 3804 أو 3744 — إلى — 戊子年 (التراب الفأر) 3805 أو 3745 |
| التقويم القبطي | 824–825 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2274 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 1100–1101 |
| التقويم العبري | 4868–4869 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1164–1165 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 1030–1031 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4209–4210 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 11108 |
| تقويم الإگبو | 108–109 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 486–487 |
| التقويم الهجري | 501–502 |
| التقويم الياباني | Kajō 3 / Tennin 1 (天仁元年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 1108 MCVIII |
| التقويم الكوري | 3441 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 804 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前804年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1651 |
Year 1108 (MCVIII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
أحداث
By place
Europe
- Spring – King Sigurd I sails from England, on the Norwegian Crusade to Palestine. He repels a Muslim fleet near the Tagus River, then attacks Sintra, Lisbon and Alcácer do Sal, and finally defeats a second Muslim fleet further south.[1]
- May 29 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid forces defeat the armies of Castile and León. The advance of the Reconquista is halted, and the Berbers re-capture the towns of Uclés, Cuenca, Huete and Ocaña. The Christians, many of nobility, are beheaded.[2]
- July 29 – King Philip I dies at Melun, after a 48-year reign. He is succeeded by his son Louis VI, who, at the start of his rule, faces insurrections from feudal brigands and rebellious robber barons.
- September – Siege of Dyrrhachium: Italo-Norman forces under Bohemond I lift the siege due to illness and lack of supplies. Bohemond becomes a vassal of the Byzantine Empire by signing the Treaty of Devol.
- Autumn – The Principality of Nitra ceases to exist, after King Coloman of Hungary, deposes its last ruler, Álmos, duke of Croatia.
- The consuls of Bergamo are first mentioned, indicating that the city has become an independent commune in Lombardy (Northern Italy).[3]
Levant
- Summer – Jawali Saqawa, Turkish ruler of Mosul, accepts a ransom of 30,000 dinar by Count Joscelin I and releases his cousin Baldwin II, count of Edessa, who is held as prisoner (see 1104).[4]
- Baldwin I marches out against Sidon, with the support of a squadron of sailor-adventurers from various Italian cities. A Fatimid fleet from Egypt defeats the Italians in a sea-battle outside the harbour.[5]
Asia
- The Taira and Minamoto clans join forces to rule Japan, after defeating the warrior monks of the Enryaku-ji temple near Kyoto. The Taira replace many Fujiwara nobles in important offices – while the Minamoto gain more military experience by bringing parts of Northern Honshu under Japanese control (approximate date).
By topic
Religion
- Chichester Cathedral is consecrated under Ralph de Luffa, bishop of Chichester, in England.
- Construction begins on the tower of Winchester Cathedral, building continues until 1120.
- Pistoia Cathedral in Italy is damaged by a severe fire.
- June 13 – Restored Ferentino Cathedral in Italy is consecrated.
مواليد
- Andronikos Komnenos, Byzantine prince (d. 1142) (approximate date)
- Baldwin IV, count of Hainaut (d. 1171)
- Bohemond II, Italo-Norman prince of Antioch (d. 1130) (approximate date)
- Derbforgaill, Irish princess (d. 1193)
- Henry the Proud, duke of Bavaria (d. 1139) (approximate date)
- Leopold the Generous, duke of Bavaria (d. 1141) (approximate date)
وفيات
- January 4 – Gertrude, Grand Princess of Kiev
- March 7 – Gundulf, Norman bishop of Rochester (b. c.1024)
- March 18 – Abe no Munetō, Japanese samurai (b. 1032)
- May 21 – Gerard, Norman archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor of England
- May 29
- García Ordóñez, Castilian nobleman
- Sancho Alfónsez, Castilian nobleman
- July 5 – Guy of Hauteville, Italo-Norman diplomat
- July 29 – Philip I, king of France
- Summer – Urse d'Abetot, Norman sheriff of Worcestershire
- November 15 – Enrico Contarini, bishop of Castello
- García Álvarez, Castilian official and military leader
- Gonzalo, bishop of Mondoñedo (approximate date)
- Gregory III, count of Tusculum (approximate date)
- Guy II the Red of Rochefort, French nobleman and crusader
- Veera Ballala I, Indian ruler of the Hoysala Empire
- Wang, Chinese empress consort of the Song dynasty (b. 1084)
References
- ^ Picard, Christophe (1997). La mer et les musulmans d'Occident au Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 2130488102.
- ^ McGrank, Lawrence (1981). "Norman crusaders and the Catalan reconquest: Robert Burdet and the principality of Tarragona 1129-55". Journal of Medieval History. 7 (1): 67–82. doi:10.1016/0304-4181(81)90036-1.
- ^ Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004). Medieval Italy: an encyclopedia, Volume 1. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-93930-5.
- ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 90. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.
- ^ Steven Runciman (1952). A History of The Crusades. Vol II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem, p. 74. ISBN 978-0-241-29876-3.