974
| القرون: | قرن 9 · قرن 10 · قرن 11 |
| العقود: | ع940 ع950 ع960 ع970 ع980 ع990 ع1000 |
| السنوات: | 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 |
| ألفية: | الألفية 1 |
|---|---|
| قرون: | القرن 9 – القرن 10 – القرن 11 |
| عقود: | عقد 940 عقد 950 عقد 960 – عقد 970 – عقد 980 عقد 990 عقد 1000 |
| سنين: | 971 972 973 – 974 – 975 976 977 |
| 974 حسب الموضوع | |
| السياسة | |
| زعماء الدول – الدول ذات السيادة | |
| تصنيفات المواليد والوفيات | |
| المواليد – الوفيات | |
| تصنيفات التأسيسات والانحلالات | |
| تأسيسات – انحلالات | |
| التقويم الگريگوري | 974 CMLXXIV |
| آب أوربه كونديتا | 1727 |
| التقويم الأرمني | 423 ԹՎ ՆԻԳ |
| التقويم الآشوري | 5724 |
| التقويم البهائي | −870 – −869 |
| التقويم البنغالي | 381 |
| التقويم الأمازيغي | 1924 |
| سنة العهد الإنگليزي | N/A |
| التقويم البوذي | 1518 |
| التقويم البورمي | 336 |
| التقويم البيزنطي | 6482–6483 |
| التقويم الصيني | 癸酉年 (الماء الديك) 3670 أو 3610 — إلى — 甲戌年 (الخشب الكلب) 3671 أو 3611 |
| التقويم القبطي | 690–691 |
| التقويم الديسكوردي | 2140 |
| التقويم الإثيوپي | 966–967 |
| التقويم العبري | 4734–4735 |
| التقاويم الهندوسية | |
| - ڤيكرام سامڤات | 1030–1031 |
| - شاكا سامڤات | 896–897 |
| - كالي يوگا | 4075–4076 |
| تقويم الهولوسين | 10974 |
| تقويم الإگبو | −26 – −25 |
| التقويم الإيراني | 352–353 |
| التقويم الهجري | 363–364 |
| التقويم الياباني | Ten'en 2 (天延２年) |
| تقويم جوچى | N/A |
| التقويم اليوليوسي | 974 CMLXXIV |
| التقويم الكوري | 3307 |
| تقويم مينگوو | 938 قبل جمهورية الصين 民前938年 |
| التقويم الشمسي التايلندي | 1517 |
Year 974 (CMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar.
أحداث
By place
Europe
- Battle of Danevirke: Emperor Otto II defeats the rebel forces of King Harald I, who has invaded Nordalbingia (modern-day Holstein), to shake off imperial overlordship. Otto's armies swiftly subdue the Danes, consolidating the frontier between Scandinavia and Northern Germany. Meanwhile, Henry II begins a rebellion against his cousin Otto. He forges alliances with Bavarian and Saxon nobles.
England
- King Edgar I gives English help to Prince Hywel in ousting his uncle, King Iago of Gwynedd from his kingdom.
- A great earthquake occurs in England.[1]
Abbasid Caliphate
- 5 August – Caliph al-Muti, ill and incapacitated, is deposed and succeeded by his son al-Ta'i, dying shortly after.[2]
Africa
- The Qarmatians are defeated north of Cairo by Fatimid forces under General Jawhar al-Siqilli. He consolidates Fatimid rule and sends a legation to the Christian land of Nubia to secure the southern border of Egypt. Arab traders introduce Islam to the population, which gradually supplants Christianity.
- An offensive, by the Spain-based Caliphate of Córdoba brings the Maghrebi Idrisid Dynasty to an end. Caliph Al-Hakam II maintains the supremacy of the caliphate over the kingdoms of Navarra, Castile and León.[3]
China
- The Liao Dynasty exchanges ambassadors with the Song Dynasty on New Years Day (Spring Festival).
- The city of Fuzhou, located in Fujian province, builds new city walls.
By topic
Religion
- Summer – Pope Benedict VI is imprisoned in the Castel Sant'Angelo at Rome, where he is strangled to death through the influence of the powerful Crescentii family. Crescentius I (the Elder), Italian politician and aristocrat, engineers an election and replaces Benedict with his own candidate Franco, who ascends under the title anti-Pope Boniface VII.[4]
- Fall – Boniface VII is expelled by order of Otto II and flees to Constantinople, taking the Church treasury of the Vatican Basilica along with him.[5] He is succeeded by Benedict VII as the 135th pope of the Catholic Church.
- An abbey is founded at the site of Mönchengladbach (Germany).
مواليد
- Bruno of Querfurt, German missionary bishop (d. 1009)
- Ermengol I, count of Urgell (d. 1010)
- Frederick, count of Walbeck (d. 1018)
- Fujiwara no Korechika, Japanese nobleman (d. 1010)
- Lý Thái Tổ, emperor of Lý dynasty (d. 1028)
وفيات
- March 7 – John of Gorze, Frankish abbot and diplomat
- October 12 – Al-Muti, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (b. 914)[2]
- Al-Qadi al-Nu'man, Fatimid jurist and historian
- Benedict VI, pope of the Catholic Church
- Fujiwara no Yoshitaka, Japanese waka poet (b. 954)
- Muhammad Bal'ami, Persian historian and vizier
- Ratherius (or Rathier), bishop of Verona
- Shi Chonggui, emperor of Later Jin (b. 914)
References
- ^ Stratton, J.M. (1969). Agricultural Records. John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
- ^ أ ب Güner, Ahmet (2006). "Mutî'-Lillâh". TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 31 (Muhammedi̇yye – Münâzara) (in Turkish). Istanbul: Turkiye Diyanet Foundation, Centre for Islamic Studies. pp. 401–402. ISBN 9789753894586.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Gilbert Meynier (2010). L'Algérie cœr du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte; p. 42.
- ^ Richard P. McBrien (2000). Lives of the Popes: The Pontiffs from St. Peter to Benedict XVI, p. 186 (Harper Collins).
- ^ Collins, Roger (2009). Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy, Basic Books.