صنيڤيل، كاليفورنيا
صنيڤيل (Sunnyvale ؛ /ˈsʌniveɪl,_vəl/) هي مدينة في مقاطعة سانتا كلارا، كاليفورنيا، وهي إحدى أهم المدن في سليكون ڤالي. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 140,095.
Sunnyvale, California | |
|---|---|
| City of Sunnyvale | |
.jpg)   .jpg) .jpg) Clockwise: Downtown; Yahoo HQ; Hendy Iron Works Museum; Historic Murphy Avenue; Fremont High School | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location in Santa Clara County and the State of California | |
  Sunnyvale, California Location in the United States | |
| الإحداثيات: 37°22′16″N 122°2′15″W / 37.37111°N 122.03750°WCoordinates: 37°22′16″N 122°2′15″W / 37.37111°N 122.03750°W | |
| Country |  الولايات المتحدة |
| State |  كاليفورنيا |
| County |  Santa Clara |
| Incorporated | December 24, 1912[1] |
| الحكومة | |
| • النوع | Council–manager[2] |
| • Mayor | Larry Klein[2] |
| • Vice mayor | Russ Melton[2] |
| • City Manager | Kent Steffens[3] |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالي | 22٫78 ميل² (58٫99 كم²) |
| • البر | 22٫06 ميل² (57٫14 كم²) |
| • الماء | 0٫72 ميل² (1٫86 كم²) 3.09% |
| المنسوب | 125 ft (38 m) |
| التعداد | |
| • الإجمالي | 140٬081 |
| • Estimate (2019)[7] | 152٬703 |
| • الترتيب | 2nd in Santa Clara County 36th in California |
| • الكثافة | 6٬922٫17/sq mi (2٬672٫64/km2) |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC−8 (PST) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC−7 (PDT) |
| ZIP codes | 94085–94090 |
| Area codes | 408/669 and 650 |
| FIPS code | 06-77000 |
| GNIS feature IDs | 1656344, 2412009 |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | sunnyvale |
Sunnyvale is the 7th most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area and one of the major cities comprising Silicon Valley. It is bordered by portions of San Jose to the north, Moffett Federal Airfield to the northwest, Mountain View to the northwest, Los Altos to the southwest, Cupertino to the south, and Santa Clara to the east. It lies along the historic El Camino Real and Highway 101.
As part of California's high-tech area known as Silicon Valley, Sunnyvale is the headquarters location of many technology companies and is a major operating center for many more. It is also home to several aerospace/defense companies. Sunnyvale was also the home to Onizuka Air Force Station, often referred to as "the Blue Cube" due to the color and shape of its windowless main building. The facility, previously known as Sunnyvale Air Force Station, was named for the deceased Space Shuttle Challenger astronaut Ellison Onizuka. It served as an artificial satellite control facility of the U.S. military until August 2010 and has since been decommissioned and demolished.
Sunnyvale is one of the few U.S. cities to have a single unified Department of Public Safety, where all personnel are trained as firefighters, police officers, and EMTs, so that they can respond to an emergency in any of the three roles.
Library services for the city are provided by the Sunnyvale Public Library, located at the Sunnyvale Civic Center.
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التاريخ
When the Spanish first arrived in the 1770s at the Santa Clara Valley, it was heavily populated by the Ohlone Native Americans.[9] However early on with the arrival of the Spaniards, smallpox, measles and other new diseases greatly reduced the Ohlone population.[9] In 1777, Mission Santa Clara was founded by Franciscan missionary Padre Junipero Serra and was originally located in San Jose (near what is now the San Jose International Airport runway).[9]
الجغرافيا
المناخ
| بيانات مناخ Sunnyvale, California | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °ف (°س) | 75 (23.9) |
84 (28.9) |
85 (29.4) |
94 (34.4) |
100 (37.8) |
107 (41.7) |
105 (40.6) |
101 (38.3) |
105 (40.6) |
100 (37.8) |
89 (31.7) |
75 (23.9) |
107 (41٫7) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °ف (°س) | 59 (15) |
62.2 (16.78) |
65.6 (18.67) |
70 (21.1) |
74.3 (23.5) |
78.8 (26) |
80.7 (27.06) |
80.8 (27.11) |
80.1 (26.72) |
74.3 (23.5) |
64.7 (18.17) |
58.6 (14.78) |
70٫8 (21٫53) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °ف (°س) | 41.1 (5.06) |
43.5 (6.39) |
45.4 (7.44) |
47.1 (8.39) |
50.7 (10.39) |
54.1 (12.28) |
56.5 (13.61) |
56.4 (13.56) |
55 (12.8) |
50.8 (10.44) |
44.8 (7.11) |
41 (5) |
48٫87 (9٫37) |
| الصغرى القياسية °ف (°س) | 21 (-6.1) |
24 (-4.4) |
22 (-5.6) |
31 (-0.6) |
33 (0.6) |
40 (4.4) |
41 (5) |
44 (6.7) |
41 (5) |
34 (1.1) |
15 (-9.4) |
20 (-6.7) |
15 (−9٫4) |
| هطول inches (mm) | 3.30 (83.8) |
3.56 (90.4) |
2.57 (65.3) |
1.15 (29.2) |
0.52 (13.2) |
0.12 (3) |
0.02 (0.5) |
0.04 (1) |
0.21 (5.3) |
0.90 (22.9) |
2.03 (51.6) |
3.10 (78.7) |
17٫52 (445) |
| Source: Northwest Climate Toolbox[10] | |||||||||||||
الديمغرافيا
| التعداد التاريخي | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| التعداد | Pop. | %± | |
| 1930 | 3٬094 | — | |
| 1940 | 4٬373 | 41٫3% | |
| 1950 | 9٬829 | 124٫8% | |
| 1960 | 59٬898 | 509٫4% | |
| 1970 | 95٬976 | 60٫2% | |
| 1980 | 106٬618 | 11٫1% | |
| 1990 | 117٬229 | 10�0% | |
| 2000 | 131٬760 | 12٫4% | |
| 2010 | 140٬081 | 6٫3% | |
| 2019 (تق.) | 152٬703 | [7] | 9% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[11] | |||
|
الاقتصاد
Companies based in Sunnyvale include CrowdStrike, Fortinet, Intuitive Surgical, Juniper Networks, LinkedIn, Proofpoint, Inc., Trimble (company) and Yahoo! Inc.
أكبر أرباب العمل
According to the City's 2019 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[13] the top employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10,695 | |
| 2 | Juniper Networks Inc | 5,130 |
| 3 | Apple Inc | 4,000 |
| 4 | Lockheed Martin Space Systems | 3,973 |
| 5 | 3,261 | |
| 6 | A2Z Development Center Inc | 3,091 |
| 7 | Walmart | 2,288 |
| 8 | NetApp | 1,680 |
| 9 | Intuitive Surgical | 1,526 |
| 10 | Microsoft | 1,409 |
البلدات التوأم - المدن الشقيقة
Until 1970, Sunnyvale had a Sister City relationship with Chillán, Chile. In 2013, the city entered into a three-year Friendly Exchange Relations Agreement with Iizuka, Japan; in July 2016 the city council voted to change this to a Sister City relationship.[14]
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See also
References
- ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on نوفمبر 3, 2014. Retrieved أغسطس 25, 2014.
- ^ أ ب ت "Sunnyvale, CA - City Council". sunnyvale.ca.gov. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "Office of the City Manager". City of Sunnyvale. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- ^ "Sunnyvale". نظام معلومات الأسماء الجغرافية، المسح الجيولوجي الأمريكي. Retrieved December 16, 2014.
- ^ "Sunnyvale (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
- ^ أ ب "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ "Heritage Resources and Landmark Alteration Inventory" (PDF). City of Sunnyvale Heritage Preservation Commission. Retrieved 2012-10-07.
- ^ أ ب ت "Historical Information - Mission Santa Clara de Asís". Santa Clara University. Retrieved 2018-03-27.
- ^ "Northwest Climate Toolbox". Climate Toolbox. Archived from the original on May 29, 2019. Retrieved 2019-05-28.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "Demographic Profile Bay Area Census". Census.gov. Retrieved 2012-02-06.
- ^ "Comprehensive Annual Financial Report: For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2019". City of Sunnyvale, California.
- ^ Kezra, Victoria (2016-07-08). "Sunnyvale gains a new sister city in Iizuka, Japan". Sunnyvale Sun. p. 6.
External links
