الحرب الڤيتنامية الكمبودية

يجب ألا يـُخلـَط بينها وبين the Khmer–Vietnamese War (1123–1150) that took place in 12th-century, and Siamese–Vietnamese wars in 18th-19th-century Cambodia.

The Cambodian–Vietnamese War (خمير وسطى: សង្គ្រាមកម្ពុជា-វៀតណាមcode: km is deprecated , ڤيتنامية: Chiến tranh Campuchia–Việt Namcode: vi is deprecated ), known in Vietnam as the Counter-offensive on the Southwestern border (ڤيتنامية: Chiến dịch Phản công Biên giới Tây-Namcode: vi is deprecated ), and by Cambodian nationalists as the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia (خمير وسطى: ការឈ្លានពានរបស់វៀតណាមមកកម្ពុជាcode: km is deprecated ), was an armed conflict between Democratic Kampuchea, controlled by the Khmer Rouge, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The war began with repeated attacks by the Kampuchean Revolutionary Army on the southwestern border of Vietnam, particularly the Ba Chuc massacre which resulted in the deaths of over 3,000 Vietnamese civilians. On 25 December 1978, Vietnam launched a full-scale invasion of Kampuchea, and subsequently occupied the country and removed the government of the Communist Party of Kampuchea from power.

Cambodian–Vietnamese War
جزء من the Third Indochina War and the Cold War
Vietnamese soldiers entering Phnom Penh in January 1979
التاريخ 25 December 1978 – 26 September 1989 (10 سنة, 9 شهر و 1 يوم) الموقع Cambodia, southern Vietnam, eastern Thailand النتيجة Vietnamese/People's Republic of Kampuchea victory Khmer Rouge removed from power and collapse of Democratic Kampuchea End of the Cambodian genocide Establishment of the People's Republic of Kampuchea Chinese invasion of Vietnam and continued border skirmishes Vietnamese occupation until 1989 Start of CGDK insurgency and Thai border skirmishes Signing of the 1991 Paris Peace Accords agreeing to UN-led transition
المتحاربون
Democratic Kampuchea (1979–1982) Post-invasion: CGDK (1982–1990) Khmer Rouge KPNLF FUNCINPEC تايلند (border clashes) Supported by: الصين تايلند ماليزيا سنغافورة المملكة المتحدة الولايات المتحدة رومانيا	ڤيتنام FUNSK Post-invasion: 1979–1989: ڤيتنام People's Republic of Kampuchea 1989–1991: State of Cambodia Supported by: الاتحاد السوڤيتي كوبا جمهورية پولندا الشعبية تشيكوسلوڤاكيا ألمانيا الشرقية
القادة والزعماء
Pol Pot Khieu Samphan Ieng Sary Son Sann Dien Del Norodom Sihanouk Prem Tinsulanonda Chatichai Choonhavan	Lê Duẩn Trường Chinh Nguyễn Văn Linh Văn Tiến Dũng Lê Đức Anh Heng Samrin Hun Sen Pen Sovan Chea Sim
القوى
1979: 73,000 1989: 30,000	150,000–200,000 Vietnamese soldiers 1,000 Lao soldiers (1988)
الضحايا والخسائر
1975–1979: ~15,000 killed 1979–1989: Unknown	1975–1979: 10,000 killed 1979–1989: Vietnam: 15,000+–25,300 killed 30,000 wounded Cambodia: Unknown Total: 25,000–52,000 killed
200,000+ Cambodian civilians killed (excluding deaths from famine) 30,000+ Vietnamese civilians killed (1975–1978)

During the Vietnam War, Vietnamese and Cambodian communists had formed an alliance to fight U.S.-backed governments in their respective countries. Despite their cooperation with the Vietnamese, the Khmer Rouge leadership feared that the Vietnamese communists were planning to form an Indochinese federation, which would be dominated by Vietnam. In order to pre-empt any attempt by the Vietnamese to dominate them, the Khmer Rouge leadership began, as the Lon Nol government capitulated in 1975, to purge Vietnamese-trained personnel within their own ranks. Then, in May 1975, the newly formed Democratic Kampuchea began attacking Vietnam, beginning with an attack on the Vietnamese island of Phú Quốc.

In spite of the fighting, the leaders of reunified Vietnam and Kampuchea made several public diplomatic exchanges throughout 1976 to highlight the supposedly strong relations between them. However, behind the scenes, Kampuchean leaders continued to fear what they perceived as Vietnamese expansionism. Therefore, on 30 April 1977, they launched another major military attack on Vietnam. Shocked by the Kampuchean assault, Vietnam launched a retaliatory strike at the end of 1977 in an attempt to force the Kampuchean government to negotiate. The Vietnamese military withdrew in January 1978, even though its political objectives had not been achieved; the Khmer Rouge remained unwilling to negotiate seriously.

Small-scale fighting continued between the two countries throughout 1978, as China tried to mediate peace talks between the two sides. However, the two governments could not reach a compromise. By the end of 1978, Vietnamese leaders decided to remove the Khmer Rouge-dominated government of Democratic Kampuchea, perceiving it as being pro-Chinese and hostile towards Vietnam. On 25 December 1978, 150,000 Vietnamese troops invaded Democratic Kampuchea and overran the Kampuchean Revolutionary Army in just two weeks, thereby ending the excesses of Pol Pot's government, which had been responsible for the deaths of almost a quarter of all Cambodians between 1975 and December 1978 (the Cambodian genocide). Vietnamese military intervention, and the occupying forces' subsequent facilitation of international food aid to mitigate the massive famine, ended the genocide.

On 8 January 1979 the pro-Vietnamese People's Republic of Kampuchea (PRK) was established in Phnom Penh, marking the beginning of a ten-year Vietnamese occupation. During that period, the Khmer Rouge's Democratic Kampuchea continued to be recognised by the United Nations as the legitimate government of Kampuchea, as several armed resistance groups were formed to fight the Vietnamese occupation. Throughout the conflict, these groups received training in Thailand from the British Army's Special Air Service. Behind the scenes, Prime Minister Hun Sen of the PRK government approached factions of the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK) to begin peace talks. Under diplomatic and economic pressure from the international community, the Vietnamese government implemented a series of economic and foreign policy reforms, and withdrew from Kampuchea in September 1989.

At the Third Jakarta Informal Meeting in 1990, under the Australian-sponsored Cambodian Peace Plan, representatives of the CGDK and the PRK agreed to a power-sharing arrangement by forming a unity government known as the Supreme National Council (SNC). The SNC's role was to represent Cambodian sovereignty on the international stage, while the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) was tasked with supervising the country's domestic policies until a Cambodian government was elected by the people. Cambodia's pathway to peace proved to be difficult, as Khmer Rouge leaders decided not to participate in the general elections, but instead chose to disrupt the electoral process by launching military attacks on UN peacekeepers and killing ethnic Vietnamese migrants. In May 1993, Sihanouk's FUNCINPEC movement defeated the Cambodian People's Party (CPP), formerly the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (KPRP), to win the general elections. However, the CPP leadership refused to accept defeat, and announced that the eastern provinces of Cambodia, where most of the CPP's votes were drawn from, would secede from Cambodia. To avoid such an outcome, Norodom Ranariddh, the leader of FUNCINPEC, agreed to form a coalition government with the CPP. Shortly afterward, the constitutional monarchy was restored and the Khmer Rouge was outlawed by the newly formed Cambodian government.

. This clique became the genesis of the Khmer Rouge, and its doctrine was heavily influenced by Maoist ideology.

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 انظر أيضاً

• Allegations of United States support for the Khmer Rouge
• Ba Chúc massacre
• Khmer Krom
• Nong Chan Refugee Camp
• Nong Samet Refugee Camp
• Sino-Vietnamese War
• Nam tiến
• Vietnamese border raids in Thailand

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• The Khmer Rouge National Army: Order of Battle, January 1976
• The Fall of the Khmer Rouge
• 1979: Vietnam forces Khmer Rouge retreat
• Meanwhile: When the Khmer Rouge came to kill in Vietnam
• Second Life, Second Death: The Khmer Rouge After 1978
• Slocomb M. "The K5 Gamble: National Defence and Nation Building under the People's Republic of Kampuchea". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 2001;32(02):195–210