المعرفة

قائمة البلدان حيث الاسبانية لغة رسمية

(تم التحويل من List of countries where Spanish is an official language)

ما يلي هو قائمة البلدان حيث الاسبانية لغة رسمية، بالاضافة لعدد من البلدان حيث الإسپانية، أو أي لغة وثيقة الصلة بعا، هي لغة هامة أو بارزة.

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كلغة رسمية أو وطنية

الإسپانية هي اللغة الرسمية (إما حسب القانون أو فعلياً) في 20 دولة ذات سيادة وإقليم تابع، يضمون نحو 442 مليون نسمة.[1] بالإضافة لأنها اللغة الرسمية الرئيسية في غينيا الإستوائية.

في تلك البلدان، الإسپانية هي اللغة الرئيسية أو الأكثر استخداماً للتواصل للأغلبية الساحقة من السكان؛ الوثائق الرسمية تُكتب أساساً أو حصرياً بها؛ وتُدرَّس في المدارس وتُستخدم كوسيلة التعليم كجزء من المنهج الرسمي.

البلد/الإقليم الوضع التعداد
(2014)[2] 		الكيان المنظـِّم معلومات اضافية
  المكسيك أمر واقع[3] 120,286,655 Academia Mexicana de la Lengua Mexican Spanish
  كولومبيا بحكم القانون[4] 48,400,388 Academia Colombiana de la Lengua Colombian Spanish
  إسپانياa بحكم القانون[5] 47,737,941 Real Academia Española Peninsular Spanish
  الأرجنتين أمر واقع[6] 43,024,374 Academia Argentina de Letras Rioplatense Spanish
  پيروb بحكم القانون[7] 30,147,935 Academia Peruana de la Lengua Peruvian Coast Spanish
  ڤنزويلا بقوة القانون[8] 28,868,486 Academia Venezolana de la Lengua Venezuelan Spanish
  تشيلي أمر واقع[9] 17,363,894 Academia Chilena de la Lengua Chilean Spanish
  الإكوادورc بقوة القانون[10] 15,654,411 Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua Ecuadorian Spanish
  گواتيمالا بقوة القانون[11] 14,647,083 Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua Guatemalan Spanish
  كوبا بقوة القانون[12] 11,047,251 Academia Cubana de la Lengua Cuban Spanish
  بوليڤياd بقوة القانون[13] 10,631,486 Academia Boliviana de la Lengua Bolivian Spanish
  جمهورية الدومنيكان بقوة القانون[14] 10,349,741 Academia Dominicana de la Lengua Dominican Spanish
  Honduras بقوة القانون[15] 8,598,561 Academia Hondureña de la Lengua Honduran Spanish
  پاراگوايe بقوة القانون[16] 6,703,860 Academia Paraguaya de la Lengua Española Paraguayan Spanish
  السلڤادور بقوة القانون[17] 6,125,512 Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua Salvadoran Spanish
  نيكاراگوا أمر واقع[18] 5,848,641 Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua Nicaraguan Spanish
  كوستاريكا بقوة القانون[19] 4,755,234 Academia Costarricense de la Lengua Costa Rican Spanish
  پورتو ريكوf بقوة القانون[20] 3,620,897 Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española Puerto Rican Spanish
  پنما بقوة القانون[21] 3,608,431 Academia Panameña de la Lengua Panamanian Spanish
  أوروگواي أمر واقع[22] 3,332,972 Academia Nacional de Letras Uruguayan Spanish
  غينيا الإستوائيةg بقوة القانون[23] 1,722,254 Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española Equatoguinean Spanish
الإجمالي 442,476,007 Association of Spanish Language Academies

a In Spain, Spanish is the sole official language at the national level, while Basque, Catalan/Valencian, Aranese, and Galician are co-official alongside Spanish in certain regions.

b In Peru, Spanish is the sole official language at the national level while Quechua and Aymara hold co-official status in selected regions.

c In Ecuador, Spanish is the sole official language at the national level while the Kichwa (Northern Quechua) and Shuar languages hold co-official status in selected regions.

d In Bolivia, the national constitution recognizes Spanish and various indigenous languages of Bolivia as official at the national level, though Spanish is predominant nationwide.

e In Paraguay, Spanish and the indigenous Guaraní are recognized as co-official at the national level and both are widely used in society.

f Puerto Rico is an unincorporated territory of the U.S. where Spanish and English are the official languages and Spanish is the primary language.[20]

g In Equatorial Guinea, the Spanish, French, and Portuguese languages all hold official status at the national level, though Spanish is the primary language in the public sphere while Fang, Bube, Kombe, and other Bantu languages, as well as an English-based creole, are used at home and family settings. See Equatorial Guinea#Languages.

 
Population of the Spanish-speaking countries (+ Puerto Rico) in 2011


كلغة أقلية معتبرة

Though not an official language at the national level, Spanish is regularly spoken by significant minority populations in each of the nations and territories noted below. In each, public services and information are widely available in Spanish, as are various forms of printed and broadcast media.

البلد التعداد
(2014)[2] 		إجمالي المتكلمين بها نسبة
الناطقين بالإسبانية
  أندورا 85,458 29,907 35%
  بليز 340,844 106,795 31%
  جبل طارق 29,185 23,857 82%
  الولايات المتحدة 318,892,103 52,000,000 16%

أندورا

انظر أيضاً: لغات أندورا

The Spanish language is not official but also holds a special status (in the education system, the media, and some official documents) in the Principality of Andorra which shares land borders with Spain.[24]

بليز

انظر أيضاً: لغات بليز

Spanish has no official recognition in the Central American nation of Belize, a Commonwealth realm where English is the official national language. However, the country shares land borders with Spanish-speaking Mexico and Guatemala and, per the 2010 Belizean census, Spanish is spoken by a sizable portion of the population; 30% claim Spanish as a mother tongue and about 50% of the population has working knowledge of the language.[25]

جبل طارق

انظر أيضاً: لغات جبل طارق

The Spanish language is not official but also holds a special status (in the education system, the media, and some official documents) in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar, which share land borders with Spain.[26]

الولايات المتحدة

المقالة الرئيسية: اللغة الإسپانية في الولايات المتحدة

Spanish has been spoken in the United States for several centuries in the Southwest and Florida, which were all once part of New Spain. However, today only a tiny minority of Spanish speakers in the US trace their language back to those times; the overwhelming majority of speakers come from recent immigration. Only in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado has Spanish maintained speaking communities uninterruptedly since colonial times. [27] Spanish is the most studied foreign language in United States schools and is spoken as a native tongue by 41 million people, plus an additional 11 million fluent second-language speakers.[28] Though not official, Spanish has a special status for education in the U.S. state of New Mexico. [29] With over 50 million native speakers and second language speakers, the United States now has the second largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico.[30] Spanish is increasingly used alongside English nationwide in business and politics. In the United States, the language is regulated by the North American Academy of the Spanish Language.

كلغة تاريخية

الفلپين

المقالة الرئيسية: اللغة الإسپانية في الفلپين
انظر أيضاً: الإسپانية الفلپينية

Spanish was an official language of the Philippines from the beginning of the الفترة الهسپانية in 1565 and through independence until a constitutional change in 1973. However, President Ferdinand Marcos had Spanish redesigned as an official language under Presidential Decree No. 156, dated 15 March 1973 and Spanish remained official until 1987, when it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language.[31]

On 8 August 2007, President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo announced that the Philippine government asked help from the Spanish Government in her plan to reintroduce Spanish as a required subject in the Philippine school system.[32] By 2012, the language was a compulsory subject at only a very select number of secondary schools.[33] In spite of government promotion of Spanish, less than 0.5% of the population are able to speak Spanish at least proficiently.[34]

While Spanish is designated as an optional government language in the Philippines, its usage is very limited and not present in everyday life.[35] Despite this, Tagalog and other native Philippine languages incorporate a large number of Spanish loanwords, as a result of 300 years of Spanish influence. In the country, Spanish is regulated by the Philippine Academy of the Spanish Language.

الصحراء الغربية

Spanish is a secondary official language, alongside Arabic, in the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, a former Spanish colony and now a partially recognized state, most of whose territory is occupied by Morocco. Spanish is not a native language in that country.[36][37]

اللغات الكريول

المقالة الرئيسية: Spanish-based creole languages

There are a number of Spanish-based creole languages. Chavacano is spoken in Zamboanga City in the Philippines and is a regional language.[38] Papiamento is the official language in Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao; it has been classified as either a Spanish-based or a Portuguese-based creole.[39][40]

Chamorro is an Austronesian language with many Spanish loanwords; some scholars have considered it a creole, but the most authoritative sources deny this.[41]

البلد اللغة الكريول تقدير
المتكلمين[42] 		السنة الوضع
  أروبا پاپيامنتو ~100,000[43] {{N/A}} Official[44]
  جزر الكاريبي الهولندية پاپيامنتو – – Official[45]
  كوراساو پاپيامنتو 185,155[46] 1981 Official[47]
  الفلپين Chavacano 689,000[46] 1992 Regional[38]


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الإسپانية-اليهودية

المقالة الرئيسية: الإسپانية-اليهودية

Judaeo-Spanish (sometimes known as Ladino or other names) is a language derived from medieval Spanish; it is still spoken by some Sephardi Jews, mainly in Israel.[48]

المنظمات الدولية

المراجع

  1. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 سبتمبر 2014. Retrieved 31 أغسطس 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ أ ب "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
  3. ^ Mexico does not have an official language at the federal level [1]; however, Spanish is spoken by the majority.
  4. ^ Constitution of Colombia, Art. 10
  5. ^ Spanish Constitution, Art. 3-1
  6. ^ The Argentine Constitution does not establish Spanish as an official language.
  7. ^ Constitution of Peru, Art. 48
  8. ^ Constitution of Venezuela, Art. 9
  9. ^ The Constitution of Chile does not establish Spanish as an official language. However, Chilean legislation establishes that schools must teach students to communicate in the "Castilian language" (General Law on Education (Articles 29 and 30), Chile Library of Congress.)
  10. ^ Constitution of Ecuador, Art. 2
  11. ^ Constitution of Guatemala, Art. 143
  12. ^ Constitution of Cuba Archived 2 سبتمبر 2006 at the Wayback Machine, Art. 2
  13. ^ Constitution of Bolivia, Art. 5
  14. ^ The Constitution of the Dominican Republic establish Spanish as it official language.
  15. ^ Constitution of Honduras, Art. 6
  16. ^ Constitution of Paraguay, Art. 140
  17. ^ Constitution of El Salvador, Art. 62
  18. ^ The Constitution of Nicaragua does not establish Spanish as an official language.
  19. ^ Constitution of Costa Rica, Art. 76
  20. ^ أ ب Constitution of Puerto Rico Archived 19 مارس 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Art. 3, Section 5: It is mandatory to be able to read and write in either English or Spanish in order to be a member of the Legislative Assembly.
  21. ^ Constitution of Panama, Art. 7
  22. ^ The Constitution of Uruguay does not establish Spanish as an official language.
  23. ^ Constitution of Equatorial Guinea Archived 1 مايو 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Art. 4
  24. ^ "Observatori de l'Institut d'Estudis Andorrans" (in Catalan). Archived from the original on 17 July 2007. Retrieved 5 June 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  25. ^ Statistical Institute of Belize: Belize Population and Housing Census 2010. Country Report. Belmopan 2013.
  26. ^ <Constitution of Gibraltar Archived 21 نوفمبر 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ Canfield, Delos Lincoln (1981). Spanish Pronunciation in the Americas. The University of Chicago Press. p. 80. The main nuclei of Spanish speech in the United States are northern New Mexico / southern Colorado, the border territories from California through Texas, the Florida peninsula, New York City, and other large cities of the Northeast and Midwest. Only one of these, the New Mexico / Colorado dialect area, has maintained linguistic continuity since colonial days, and its speech goes back to about 1600.
  28. ^ "US now has more Spanish speakers than Spain". theguardian.com. Retrieved 2016-05-09.
  29. ^ Language Rights and New Mexico Statehood By the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights
  30. ^ "Más 'speak spanish' que en España". Retrieved 2007-10-06. (Spanish)
  31. ^ Article XIV, Sec 7: For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English. The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein. Spanish and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis.
  32. ^ "La presidenta filipina pedirá ayuda a España para oficializar el español" (in Spanish). MSN Noticias. Archived from the original on 26 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  33. ^ Legaspi, Amita O. (3 July 2012). "PNoy (President Benigno Aquino III) and Spain's Queen Sofia welcome return of Spanish language in Philippine schools". GMA News.
  34. ^ Medium projection, Philippine Statistics Authority, 2010, Archived from the original on 11 August 2011, https://web.archive.org/web/20110811190921/http://www.census.gov.ph/data/sectordata/popproj_tab1r.html 
  35. ^ Constitution of the Philippines, Art. 14
  36. ^ "Como saharauis queremos conservar el español". Lavozdegalicia.es. 2008-03-13. Retrieved 2015-01-28.
  37. ^ "EL ESPAñOL EN LOS CAMPAMENTOS DE REFUGIADOS SAHARAUIS (TINDUF, ARGELIA)" (PDF). Cvc.cervantes.es. Retrieved 2015-05-20.
  38. ^ أ ب DepEd adds 7 languages to mother tongue-based education for Kinder to Grade 3. GMA News. July 13, 2013.
  39. ^ Attila Narin (June 1998). "Papiamentu Facts". Retrieved 2008-06-13.
  40. ^ Dalby, Andrew (1998). Dictionary of Languages. Bloomsbury Publishing plc. p. 489. ISBN 0-7475-3117-X.
  41. ^ Topping, Donald (1973). Chamorro Reference Grammar. University Press of Hawaii. pp. 6 and 7. ISBN 978-0-8248-0269-1.
  42. ^ "Ethnologue". Retrieved 2008-06-13.
  43. ^ "Language" - Government of Aruba (official site) - 2010
  44. ^ Migge, Bettina; Léglise, Isabelle; Bartens, Angela (2010). Creoles in Education: An Appraisal of Current Programs and Projects. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 268. ISBN 978-90-272-5258-6.
  45. ^ "Tijdelijke wet officiële talen BES" (in Dutch). wetten.nl. Retrieved 2010-10-24. Artikel 2: De officiële talen zijn het Engels, het Nederlands en het Papiamento. (إنگليزية: Article 2: The official languages are English, Dutch and Papiamento){{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  46. ^ أ ب Número de hispanohablantes en países y territorios donde el español no es lengua oficial Archived 29 أبريل 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Instituto Cervantes.
  47. ^ "Nieuwsbrief 070313 – Papiaments officieel erkend". Nieuws.leidenuniv.nl. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
  48. ^ EJP | News | Western Europe | Judaeo-Spanish language revived Archived 29 مايو 2009 at the Wayback Machine. Ejpress.org (19 September 2005). Retrieved on 19 October 2011.
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