المعرفة

جين شاهين

سينثيا جين شاهين /ʃəˈhiːn/ (اسمها قبل الزواج باورز؛ و. [ب28 يناير]] 1947)، هي عضوة في مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي من نيو هامپشر. كعضوة في الحزب الديمقراطي، كانت أول امرأة تدخل مجلس الشيوخ في تاريخ نيو هامپشر، وكانت امرأة تتولى منصب حاكم نيو هامپشر، وأول امرأة تُنتخب كحاكم وسناتور في التاريخ الأمريكي.[1]

جين شاهين
Jeanne Shaheen
Jeanne Shaheen, official Senate photo portrait, 2009.jpg
سناتور الولايات المتحدة
عن نيو هامپشر
تولى المنصب
3 يناير 2009
يخدم with ماگي حسن
سبقهجون سنونو
عضو في لجنة الأعمال الصغيرة في مجلس الشيوخ
تولى المنصب
3 يناير 2015
سبقهجيم ريش
حاكم نيو هامپشر رقم 78
في المنصب
9 يناير 1997 – 9 يناير 2003
سبقهستڤ مريل
خلـَفهكريگ بنسون
Member of the نيو هامپشر Senate
from the رقم 21 district
في المنصب
2 ديسمبر 1992 – 4 ديسمبر 1996
سبقهتأسيس الدائرة
خلـَفهكاتي ويلر
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد
سينثيا جين باورز

28 يناير 1947 (العمر 77 سنة)
سانت تشارلز، مزوري، الولايات المتحدة
الحزبالديمقراطي
الزوجبل شاهين (ز. 1972)
الأنجال3
التعليمجامعة شيپنسبورگ (ب.ف.)
جامعة مسيسيپي (م.ع.إ)
الموقع الإلكترونيSenate website

بعد خدمتها لفترتين في مجلس شيوخ نيو هامپشر، أُنتخبت شاهين حاكم عام 1996، وأُعيد انتخابها عام 1998 و2000. في 2002، استقالت لخوض انتخابات مجلس الشيوخ وخسرت أمام الجمهوري جون إ. سنونو. وخدمت كمدير في معهد هارڤرد للسياسات، قبل أن تخوض انتخابات مجلس الشيوخ مرة أخرى عام 2008، لتهزم سنونو في الجولة الثانية. وهي أيضاً الرئيس الحالي لوفد نيو هامپشر في الكونگرس.

أصبحت شاهين أول سناتور ديمقراطي من نيو هامپشر بعد جون أ. دوركين، الذي هُزم عام 1980. في 2014، أصبحت ثاني ديمقراطي من نيو هامپشر يعاد انتخابه في مجلس الشيوخ، والأولى بعد توماس ج. مكانتير عام 1972.

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السنوات المبكرة، التعليم وما قبل العمل السياسي

 
شاهين أثناء مؤتمر الأمن في ميونخ 2017.

وُلدت جين شاهين في سانت تشارلز، مزوري، ابنة لبل إ. وإيڤان باورز.[2] زوجها المحامي والسياسي الأمريكي-لبناني بل شاهين. ولديهما ثلاثة أطفال.[3] وهي من الجيل الثاني عشر من سلالة پوكاهونتاس، الشخصية البارزة من الأمريكان الأصليين.[4] Shaheen is descended from Archibald Crawford, who owned 10 slaves.[5]

تخرجت شاهين من المدرسة الثانوية في Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania, and earned a bachelor's degree in English from Shippensburg University of Pennsylvania and a master's degree in political science from the University of Mississippi.[3] She taught high school in Mississippi[6] and moved to New Hampshire in 1973, where she taught school and, with her husband, owned a store that sold used jewelry.[7] She is married to Bill Shaheen, an attorney and judge. They have three children.


الحياة السياسية المبكرة

A Democrat, she worked on several campaigns, including Jimmy Carter's 1976 presidential campaign, and as the New Hampshire campaign manager for Gary Hart in 1984,[8] before running for office in 1990, when she was elected to the state Senate for the 21st district. She was elected governor of New Hampshire in 1996 and reelected in 1998 and 2000.[9]

In April 2005, Shaheen was named director of Harvard's Institute of Politics,[10] succeeding former U.S. Representative and Secretary of Agriculture Dan Glickman.

حاكم نيو هامپشر

Shaheen's decision to run for New Hampshire governor followed the retirement of Republican Governor Steve Merrill. Her opponent in 1996 was Ovide M. Lamontagne, then chairman of the State Board of Education. Shaheen presented herself as a moderate. According to a PBS profile, she focused on education funding issues, and pledged to expand kindergarten. She defeated Lamontagne by 57 to 40 percent.[11]

Shaheen was the first woman to be elected governor of New Hampshire.[12] (She was not, however, the first woman to serve as New Hampshire's governor; Vesta M. Roy was acting governor from December 30, 1982, until January 6, 1983.)[13]

In 1998, she was reelected by a margin of 66 to 31 percent.[14][15]

In both 1996 and 1998, Shaheen took a no-new-taxes pledge. After a court decision preventing education from being largely supported by local taxes, "her administration devised a plan that would have increased education spending and set a statewide property tax."[16]

Running for a third term in 2000, Shaheen refused to renew her no-new-taxes pledge, becoming the first New Hampshire governor in 38 years to win an election without making that pledge.[17] Shaheen's preferred solution to the school-funding problem was not a broad-based tax but legalized video-gambling at state racetracks—a solution repeatedly rejected by the state legislature.[18][19]

In 2001 Shaheen tried to implement a 2.5% sales tax, the first broad-based tariff of its kind in New Hampshire, which has never had a sales tax. The state legislature rejected her proposal.[20] She also proposed an increase in the state's cigarette tax and a 4.5% capital gains tax.

السياسات الرئاسية

2000

During the 2000 Democratic presidential primary in New Hampshire, Shaheen supported Al Gore, and her husband served as Gore's New Hampshire campaign manager. According to the New York Observer, the Shaheens were critical in helping Gore win a narrow victory in the New Hampshire primary over Bill Bradley.[21][22]

Gore added Shaheen to his short list of potential vice presidential nominees, which also included Indiana Senator Evan Bayh, North Carolina Senator John Edwards, House Minority Leader Dick Gephardt, Massachusetts Senator John Kerry, and Connecticut Senator Joe Lieberman.[23] Shaheen responded to speculation by stating she wasn't interested in the job.[24]

2004

After a short time teaching at Harvard University (and a fellowship in the Institute of Politics with former Massachusetts Governor Jane Swift), Shaheen was named national chairperson of John Kerry's 2004 presidential campaign in September 2003.

مجلس الشيوخ

الانتخابات

 
شاهين في حملتها الانتخابية في جامعة دارتماوث، يوليو 2008.
2002
المقالة الرئيسية: 2002 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

After three two-year terms as governor, Shaheen declined to run for a fourth, instead choosing to run for the U.S. Senate in 2002. Republican John E. Sununu defeated her by a 51 percent to 47 percent margin (19,751 votes). In an interview with the Concord Monitor, Shaheen attributed her loss in part to "discussion about the job that [she] did as governor." At that time, early Republican advertisements slammed her support for putting a sales tax on the ballot or faulted her for failing schools.[25]

In June 2004, former Republican consultant Allen Raymond pleaded guilty to jamming Democratic Party lines set up to get New Hampshire Democrats to the polls in 2002, which some (most notably former Senator Bob Smith, whom Sununu defeated in the Republican primary) believe contributed to Shaheen's loss.[26] A judge sentenced Raymond to five months in jail in February 2005. Charles McGee, the former state GOP executive director, was sentenced to seven months for his role.

Raymond alleged that James Tobin, Northeast field director for the National Republican Senatorial Committee, masterminded the plot. In December 2005, Tobin was convicted of two federal felonies arising from the phone-jamming and sentenced to ten months in prison, but that conviction was reversed on appeal. In October 2008, prosecutors filed two new felony indictments charging that Tobin lied to an FBI agent when he was interviewed in 2003 about his role in the phone-jamming case.[27] These charges were summarily dismissed in 2009 after the federal judge in Maine's District Court found them motivated by "vindictive prosecution".[28]

It was the first time two candidates with Lebanese-American families, although Shaheen herself is not Lebanese-American, had squared off in a Senate race.[29]

2008

 
Official portrait, 2009
المقالة الرئيسية: 2008 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

In early July 2007 through UNH, CNN and WMUR put out a poll[30] showing that Shaheen would beat Sununu in the 2008 Senate race (54–38). Other Democratic candidates did not have this type of lead, which led many to believe Shaheen would be the best choice to beat Sununu.

In April 2007, Shaheen met with Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nevada) and Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairman Chuck Schumer (D-New York) about a Senate run. Both said she would have strong support from the DSCC if she ran. On September 14, 2007, Shaheen announced her candidacy.[31] On September 15, she formally launched her campaign at her home in Madbury, New Hampshire. On September 21, EMILY's List endorsed her campaign.

Shaheen defeated Sununu 52% to 45% (44,535 votes).

2014

المقالة الرئيسية: 2014 United States Senate election in New Hampshire
 
Shaheen, Hillary Clinton and Maggie Hassan in November 2014

Shaheen ran for reelection in 2014, facing former Massachusetts Senator Scott Brown.[32]

In March 2014, Brown announced he was forming an exploratory committee to run against Shaheen. According to the Boston Herald, "Granite State Republicans are calling U.S. Sen. Jeanne Shaheen a hypocrite for asking potential GOP challenger and former U.S. Sen. Scott Brown to keep "outside" money out of the campaign while she fills the Democratic war chest on the West Coast".[33]

In June 2014, WMUR reported that Shaheen had never released her tax returns in her 18 years of public service in New Hampshire. Shaheen said she would not rule out releasing her returns, but would like to see her opponent do so first.[34]

She was endorsed again by Emily's List.[35]

 
Shaheen, Ivanka Trump and Jim Risch in February 2019

On election night, even as her party lost control of the Senate, Shaheen won reelection with 51 percent of the vote to Brown's 48 percent. As a measure of how Republican New Hampshire once was, Shaheen is only the second Democrat in the state's history to win two terms in the Senate.


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2020

المقالة الرئيسية: 2020 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

Shaheen was reelected in 2020 with 56.7% of the vote to Republican nominee Bryant “Corky” Messner's 40.9%. She is the first New Hampshire Democrat elected to three full terms in the Senate. The only other Democrat to be popularly elected more than once from New Hampshire, Thomas J. McIntyre (who held the seat Shaheen currently holds), served the remainder of Styles Bridges's last term before being elected to two terms in his own right.

Tenure

 
Senator Shaheen with Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan, 2010

On January 3, 2009, Shaheen was sworn into the United States Senate. As a senator, she has sponsored 288 bills, five of which have become law.[36]

On January 6, 2021, Shaheen was participating in the certification of the 2021 United States Electoral College vote count when Trump supporters attacked the U.S. Capitol. She tweeted during the attack that she and her staff were safe and that "We will not be stopped from doing our Constitutional duty".[37] The day after the attack, Shaheen called Trump "unfit for office" and said that she supported impeaching him and removing him from office.[38]

Health care

 
Shaheen speaks on health care, 2019

In 2009, Shaheen partnered with U.S. Senator Susan Collins to introduce the Medicare Transitional Care Act, which provides follow-up care for discharged hospital patients to reduce re-hospitalizations.[39] The bill passed in 2010,[40] and research at the University of Pennsylvania predicted the measure would lower the cost of health care by as much as $5,000 per Medicare beneficiary while also improving health care quality and reducing re-hospitalizations.[41]

In December 2009, Shaheen voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA; commonly called the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare).[42][43]

In advance of the rollout of the PPACA, Shaheen said that people who liked their current health care plans could keep them.[44] When asked about individuals who were losing their health care plans due to the PPACA, Shaheen said people could keep their health care plans if they were "willing to pay more."[45]

In August 2019 Shaheen was one of 19 senators to sign a letter to United States Secretary of the Treasury Steve Mnuchin and United States Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar requesting data from the Trump administration in order to help states and Congress understand the potential consequences of the Texas v. United States Affordable Care Act lawsuit, writing that an overhaul of the present health care system would form "an enormous hole in the pocketbooks of the people we serve as well as wreck state budgets".[46]

In October 2019 Shaheen was one of 27 senators to sign a letter to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer advocating the passage of the Community Health Investment, Modernization, and Excellence (CHIME) Act, which was set to expire the following month. The senators warned that if the funding for the Community Health Center Fund (CHCF) was allowed to expire, it "would cause an estimated 2,400 site closures, 47,000 lost jobs, and threaten the health care of approximately 9 million Americans."[47]

Fiscal

On October 11, 2011, Shaheen voted to proceed with a proposed bill that included $446 billion in spending on infrastructure and schools and provided funding for state and local governments, as well as an extension of the payroll tax deduction. The spending would have been paid for by a 5.6% surtax on incomes above $1 million. The bill failed to obtain cloture.[48]

Shaheen used an earmark in a large appropriations bill to restore funding for a federal prison in Berlin, NH, despite a $276 million recommended cut.[49][50]

Gun policy

Shaheen supports making it illegal for individuals on the terrorist watchlist to buy guns[51] and voted in favor of a bill proposing to expand background checks for gun purchases.[52] She also voted to ban magazines of over 10 bullets.[53] In 2016, she participated in the Chris Murphy gun control filibuster in the wake of the Orlando nightclub shooting. Shaheen said that "moments of sympathy are not enough" and that common-sense gun laws must be enacted.[54]

Energy

Following the BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, Shaheen proposed abolishing the Minerals Management Service, the U.S. government agency tasked with regulating offshore drilling, arguing that reform had been insufficient and that a new agency was needed.[55] Shaheen also proposed legislation giving the president's bipartisan BP Oil Spill Commission subpoena power in its investigation.[56] She argued that subpoena power was necessary to avoid another such disaster, emphasizing the spill's economic costs to the Gulf Coast region and the economy as a whole.[57]

On April 28, 2014, Shaheen introduced the Energy Savings and Industrial Competitiveness Act of 2014 (S. 2262; 113th Congress), a bill intended to improve efficient energy use.[58]

In March 2019 Shaheen was an original cosponsor of a bipartisan bill intended to mandate that the Environmental Protection Agency declare per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances as hazardous substances that can be addressed with cleanup funds via the EPA Superfund law and require that polluters undertake or pay for remediation within a year of the bill's enaction.[59]

Shaheen opposed the Nord Stream 2, a pipeline for delivering natural gas from Russia to Germany.[60]

Iraq War

In 2002, when Shaheen narrowly lost to Sununu, she supported both the 2003 invasion of Iraq and "regime change" for Iraq.[61] Shaheen said that she came to supporting the policy of removing Saddam Hussein from power after meeting with former Clinton-administration National Security Advisor Sandy Berger. According to the Concord Monitor and Associated Press, the issue was a minor one in the race.

Shaheen later questioned George W. Bush's handling of the situation in Iraq. In a September 2004 televised interview as Kerry presidential campaign chair she said:[62]

George [W.] Bush has taken us in the wrong direction. He misled us into war in Iraq. That war has not made us safer and more secure at home ... You know, we have not stabilized Afghanistan. We have not stabilized Iraq. There is no plan to win the peace.

On July 28, 2004, while serving as Chair of the Kerry-Edwards Campaign, Shaheen answered questions about her prior support of the Iraq war during an interview on C-SPAN.[63]

George [W.] Bush said that the reason we needed to go to war in Iraq, the reason we needed to remove Saddam Hussein, was because he had weapons of mass destruction, weapons that could be used against this country, because he had ties to al-Qaeda and the terrorists who were responsible for the September 11 tragedy. What we know now and what George Bush and Dick Cheney have admitted is that in fact Saddam Hussein did not have weapons of mass destruction. (...) The links to al-Qaeda that the president talked about were not there. (...) While I appreciate that there was an effort to make people in this country think that [there was a connection] (...) the fact is that's not true.[64]

War in Afghanistan

 
Shaheen and Senator Joni Ernst in a meeting with Afghan women, 2021

Shaheen opposed the 2021 withdrawal of U.S. troops from Afghanistan under President Joe Biden.[65]

LGBT rights

Shaheen initially opposed same-sex marriage as governor of New Hampshire, but in 2009 she came out in favor of marriage for same-sex couples and sponsored the Respect for Marriage Act.[66] She also voted in favor of the repeal of Don't ask, don't tell, and supports government recognition of same-sex spouses of military and other government personnel.[67][مطلوب مصدر أفضل]


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Minimum wage

On March 5, 2021, Shaheen voted against Bernie Sanders's amendment to include a $15/hour minimum wage in the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021.[68]

Committee assignments

 
Jeanne Shaheen with U.S. Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack and New Hampshire Agriculture Commissioner Lorraine Merrill announcing a farm grant, 2014
 
Shaheen and President Joe Biden at the 2022 NATO summit, June 2022

Caucus memberships


المجلس التشريعي

في 10 نوفمبر 2018، جين شاهين و8 سناتورات آخرين اشترطوا لموافقتهم على ميزانية وزارة الدفاع أن تــُكشف كل الوثائق الأمريكية المتعلقة بحرب التحالف السعودي باليمن، خلال شهرين من 12 سبتمبر.[71] اليوم أعلنت وزارة الدفاع وقف التزويد بالوقود في الجو للمقاتلات السعودية والإماراتية حول اليمن.

تعيينات اللجان

 
جين شاهين برفقة وزير الزراعة الأمريكي توم ڤيلساك والمفوض الزراعي بولاية نيو هامپشر لورين مريل يعلنون عن منحة لمساعدة المزارعين المحليين على تحويل السلع إلى منتجات ذات قيمة مضافة.


عضوية التجمعات

التاريخ الانتخابي

انتخابات حاكم نيو هامپشر: نتائج1996-2000

السنة الديمقراطي الأصوات Pct الجمهوري الأصوات Pct الحزب الثالث الحزب الأصوات Pct الحزب الثالث Party الأصوات Pct
1996 جين شاهين 284,175 57% Ovide Lamontagne 196,321 40% Fred Bramante Independent Reform 10,316 2% Robert Kingsbury Libertarian 5,974 1%
1998 جين شاهين 210,769 66% Jay Lucas 98,473 31% Ken Blevens Libertarian 8,655 3% Write-ins Write-ins 503 <1%
2000 جين شاهين 275,038 49% Gordon Humphrey 246,952 44% Mary Brown Independent 35,904 6% John Babiarz Libertarian 6,446 1%
انتخابات مجلس الشيوخ في نيو هامپشر (الدرجة 2):نتائج 2002–2008[72]
السنة الديمقراطي الأصوات Pct الجمهوري الأصوات Pct الحزب الثالث الحزب الأصوات Pct الحزب الثالث الحزب الأصوات Pct
2002 جين شاهين 207,478 46% John E. Sununu (inc.) 227,229 51% Ken Blevens Libertarian 9,835 2% Bob Smith Write-in 2,396 1% *
2008 جين شاهين 358,947 52% John E. Sununu (inc.) 314,412 45% Ken Blevens Libertarian 21,381 3%
2014 جين شاهين 251,184 51% Scott Brown 235,347 48%

*Write-in and minor candidate notes: In 2002, write-ins received 197 votes.

Primaries

انتخابات الحزب الديمقراطي لحاكم نيو هامپشر 1996
الحزب المرشح الأصوات %
الديمقراطي جين شاهين 52,238 88%
الديمقراطي Lovett 4,286 7%
الديمقراطي Woodworth 2,609 4%
الانتخابات التمهيدية للحزب الديمقراطي لحاكم نيو هامپشر 2000
الحزب المرشح الأصوات %
الديمقراطي جين شاهين 45,249 60%
الديمقراطي Mark Fernald 28,488 38%
الانتخابات التمهيدية الديمقراطية لمجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي في نيو هامپشر 2008
الحزب المرشح الأصوات %
الديمقراطي جين شاهين 43,968 89%
الديمقراطي Raymond Stebbins 5,281 11%

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ Katharine Q. Seelye (1 January 2013). "From Congress to Halls of State, in New Hampshire, Women Rule". The New York Times, USA. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  2. ^ http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~battle/senators/shaheen.htm
  3. ^ أ ب "10 Things You Didn't Know About Jeanne Shaheen". US News. November 8, 2008. Retrieved September 8, 2014. خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صالح؛ الاسم "10things" معرف أكثر من مرة بمحتويات مختلفة.
  4. ^ Schilling, Vincent (12 June 2017). "Family Tree Shows Senator Jeanne Shaheen is Direct Descendant of Pocahontas". Indian Country Today. Retrieved 3 April 2019.
  5. ^ "More than 100 U.S. political elites have family links to slavery". Reuters. June 27, 2023. Archived from the original on June 29, 2023.
  6. ^ McCord, Michael (June 14, 2013). "Q&A with attorney/political activist Billy Shaheen". New Hampshire Business Review. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  7. ^ Levenson, Eric (September 20, 2014). "Sen. Shaheen Campaign Rips 'Defamatory' Attempt to Link Her to 34-Year-Old Felony". Boston.com. Retrieved 2015-10-29.
  8. ^ Lyman, Rick (January 25, 2004). "Power Broker Navigates The Currents Of Her State". The New York Times. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
  9. ^ "Jeanne Shaheen (D)". Washington Post. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  10. ^ Bhayani, Paras (September 14, 2007). "Shaheen Resigns from Institute of Politics". Harvard Crimson. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  11. ^ "Gov. Jeanne Shaheen". PBS. Archived from the original on February 28, 2003. Retrieved 2003-02-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link). Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  12. ^ Brand, Anna (August 12, 2014). "'30 in 30': Women candidates to watch in 2014 – Jeanne Shaheen". MSNBC. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  13. ^ "Vesta Roy, 76, New Hampshire Ex-Governor". New York Times. February 22, 2002. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  14. ^ Shaheen survives heated Humphrey challenge. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  15. ^ "THE 1998 ELECTIONS: THE STATES – RESULTS; The Races for Governor". New York Times. November 5, 1998. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  16. ^ The 'Live Free or Die' State in a Tough Spot on Taxes Archived سبتمبر 27, 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  17. ^ Corwin, Emily (October 10, 2012). "A History Of The Pledge". National Public Radio. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  18. ^ Shaheen, N.H. lawmakers still face school issue. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  19. ^ Love, Norma (May 4, 2000). "New Hampshire House refuses to take up gambling bill". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  20. ^ "Jeanne Shaheen". New Hampshire Public Radio. Retrieved May 23, 2009.
  21. ^ Dem. & GOP Primaries: New Hampshire. Retrieved April 16, 2008. Archived أبريل 10, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ Kornacki, Steve (December 12, 2007). "Shaheen Brings Up Obama's Drug Use, Didn't Care Much About Gore's". New York Observer. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  23. ^ "Gore, Lieberman prepare for public debut of Democratic ticket". CNN. أغسطس 8, 2000. Archived from the original on أغسطس 13, 2007. Retrieved أغسطس 13, 2007.. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  24. ^ Cullen, Fergus (May 1, 2012). "Ayotte for Veep? Ask Vice President Shaheen". New Hampshire Journal. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
  25. ^ Dorgan, Lauren R. (July 2, 2008). "Shaheen turns incumbent tables". Concord Monitor Online. Archived from the original on September 9, 2014.
  26. ^ Smith, Bob (October 19, 2004). "Phone-jamming was an outrage". Concord Monitor Online. Archived from the original on June 30, 2006. Retrieved 2006-06-30.. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  27. ^ "New indictments filed in phone-jamming case". Concord Monitor Online. Archived from the original on September 9, 2014. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
  28. ^ Harrison, Judy (February 18, 2009). "District judge clears Tobin". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved October 2, 2010.[dead link]
  29. ^ Ferguson, Barbara (November 1, 2008). "Arab-American showdown for Senate seat". Arab News. Archived from the original on January 17, 2009. Retrieved 2008-11-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link). Retrieved November 1, 2008.
  30. ^ Shaheen Beats Sununu In Latest Poll Archived فبراير 6, 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
  31. ^ Shaheen to run for Senate Archived يونيو 24, 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 16, 2008.
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قراءات إضافية

وصلات خارجية

  اقرأ اقتباسات ذات علاقة بجين شاهين، في معرفة الاقتباس.


مناصب حزبية
سبقه
وين كنگ 		مرشحة الحزب الديمقراطي لمنصب حاكم نيو هامپشر
1996، 1998، 2000 		تبعه
مارك فرنالد
سبقه
ديك سويت 		مرشح الحزب الديمقراطي لعضوية مجلس الشيوخ من نيو هامپشر
(الدرجة 2)
2002، 2008، 2014 		آخر شاغل للمنصب
مناصب سياسية
سبقه
ستڤ مريل 		حاكم نيو هامپشر
1997–2003 		تبعه
كريگ بنسون
مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي
سبقه
جون سنونو 		سناتور أمريكي (الدرجة 2) من نيو هامپشر
2009–present
خدم بجانب: جود گرگ، كلي أيوت، ماگي حسن 		الحالي
سبقه
جيم ريش 		عضو لجنة الأعمال الصغيرة في مجلس الشيوخ
2015–الحاضر
ترتيب الأولوية في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
سبقه
توم أودال 		أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي حسب الأقدمية
41st 		تبعه
وارك وارنر
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