قائمة المدن التاريخية والثقافية الوطنية الشهيرة في الصين
هذه هي قائمة للمدن المصنفة مدن تاريخية وثقافية شهيرة وطنية (国家历史文化名城) من قِبل مجلس الدولة الصينية. China approved 99 National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in three batches in 1982, 1986 and 1994, and has approved a further 32 cities from August 10, 2001 to November 28, 2016, bringing the total to 131. These cities are distributed in 25 provinces and autonomous regions and 4 municipalities. Jiangsu is the province with the most National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities, having 13; Henan and Shandong are second, each having 9. Zhejiang is 4th with 8 cities, and Guangdong, Sichuan and Yunnan are 5th, each with 7 National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities.
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المفهوم
According to the Protection Law on Cultural Relics of China, a National Famous Historical and Cultural City is a city with an unusual wealth of cultural relics of high historical value and major revolutionary significance, subject to the approval and announcement of the State Council of PR China. The local government at the county level of the place where the famous city is located must organize the formulation of plans on protection of the famous city and bring that planning into the overall city planning. Measures for the protection of famous city shall be formulated by the State Council.[1]
الدفعة الأولى
The first batch was published on February 8, 1982 by State Council, there are 24 Chinese cities.[2]
- 24 مدينة
- بكين (北京)
- Changsha (长沙) in Hunan
- Chengde (承德) in Hebei
- Chengdu (成都) in Sichuan
- Dali (大理) in Yunnan
- داتونگ (大同) in Shanxi
- Guangzhou (广州) in Guangdong
- Guilin (桂林) in Guangxi
- Hangzhou (杭州) in Zhejiang
- Jiangling (江陵) in Hubei
- Jingdezhen (景德镇) in Jiangxi
- Kaifeng (开封) in Henan
- Kunming (昆明) in Yunnan
- Lhasa (拉萨) in Tibet
- Luoyang (洛阳) in Henan
- Nanjing (南京) in Jiangsu
- Quanzhou (泉州) in Fujian
- Qufu (曲阜) in Shandong
- Shaoxing (绍兴) in Zhejiang
- Suzhou (苏州) in Jiangsu
- Xi'an (西安) in Shaanxi
- Yan'an (延安) in Shaanxi
- Yangzhou (扬州) in Jiangsu
- Zunyi (遵义) in Guizhou
الدفعة الثانية
The second batch was published on December 8, 1986 by State Council, there are 38 cities.[3]
- 38 مدينة
- Anyang (安阳) in Henan
- Baoding (保定) in Hebei
- Bozhou (亳州) in Anhui
- Changshu (常熟) in Jiangsu
- Chaozhou (潮州) in Guangdong
- Chongqing (重庆)
- Dunhuang (敦煌) in Gansu
- Fuzhou (福州) in Fujian
- Hancheng (韩城) in Shaanxi
- Hohhot (呼和浩特) in Xinjiang
- Huai'an (淮安) in Jiangsu
- Jinan (济南) in Shandong
- Kashgar (喀什) in Xinjiang
- Langzhong (阆中) in Sichuan
- Lijiang (丽江) in Yunnan
- Nanchang (南昌) in Jiangxi
- Nanyang (南阳) in Henan
- Ningbo (宁波) in Zhejiang
- Pingyao (平遥) in Shanxi
- Shanghai (上海)
- Shangqiu (商丘县) in Henan
- She County (歙县) in Anhui
- Shenyang (沈阳) in Liaoning
- Shigatse (日喀则) in Tibet
- Shou County (寿县) in Anhui
- Tianjin (天津)
- Wuhan (武汉) in Hubei
- Wuwei (武威) in Gansu
- Xiangfan (襄樊) in Hubei
- Xuzhou (徐州) in Jiangsu
- Yibin (宜宾) in Hubei
- Yinchuan (银川) in Ningxia
- Yulin (榆林) in Shaanxi
- Zhangye (张掖) in Gansu
- Zhangzhou (漳州) in Fujian
- Zhenyuan County (镇江) in Jiangsu
- Zhenyuan (镇远) in Guizhou
- Zigong (自贡) in Sichuan
الدفعة الثالثة
The third batch was published on January 4, 1994 by State Council, there are 37 cities.[4]
- 37 مدينة
- Tongren (铜仁) in Guizhou
- Changting County (长汀) in Fujian
- Dai County (代县) in Shanxi
- Dujiangyan (都江堰) in Sichuan
- Foshan (佛山) in Guangdong
- Ganzhou (赣州) in Jiangxi
- Gyantse County (江孜) in Tibet
- Handan (邯郸) in Hebei
- Hanzhong (汉中) in Shaanxi
- Harbin (哈尔滨) in Heilongjiang
- Ji'an (集安) in Jiangxi
- Jianshui County (建水) in Yunnan
- Jilin City (吉林) in Jilin
- Haikang County (海康) in Guangdong
- Leshan (乐山) in Sichuan
- Liaocheng (聊城) in Shandong
- Linhai (临海) in Zhejiang
- Liuzhou (柳州) in Guangxi
- Luzhou (泸州) in Sichuan
- Meizhou (梅州) in Guangdong
- Qi County (祁县) in Shanxi
- Qingdao (青岛) in Anhui
- Qiongshan District (琼山) in Haikou, Hainan
- Quzhou (衢州) in Zhejiang
- Suizhou (随州) in Hubei
- Tianshui (天水) in Gansu
- Weishan County (巍山) in Yunnan
- Xianyang (咸阳) in Shaanxi
- Xinjiang County (新绛) in Shanxi
- Xun County (浚县) in Henan
- Yueyang (岳阳) in Hunan
- Zhaoqing (肇庆) in Guangdong
- Zhengding County (正定) in Henan
- Zhengzhou (郑州) in Henan
- Zhongxiang (钟祥) in Hubei
- Zibo (淄博) in Shandong
- Zoucheng (邹城) in Shandong
قائمة اضافية
- 32 مدينة
| القائمة الاضافية 2001–الحاضر[5] | ||||
| Number | Name | Chinese | Province | Approval date |
| 1 | Shanhaiguan, Qinhuangdao | 秦皇岛山海关 | Hebei | 10-Aug-01 |
| 2 | Fenghuang | 凤凰 | Hunan | 17-Dec-01 |
| 3 | Puyang | 濮阳 | Henan | 1-Oct-01 |
| 4 | Anqing | 安庆 | Anhui | 14-Apr-05 |
| 5 | Tai'an | 泰安 | Shandong | 9-Mar-07 |
| 6 | Haikou | 海口 | Hainan | 13-Mar-07 |
| 7 | Jinhua | 金华 | Zhejiang | 18-Mar-07 |
| 8 | Jixi | 绩溪 | Anhui | 18-Mar-07 |
| 9 | Turpan | 吐鲁番 | Xinjiang | 27-Apr-07 |
| 10 | Tekes | 特克斯 | Xinjiang | 6-May-07 |
| 11 | Wuxi | 无锡 | Jiangsu | 15-Sep-07 |
| 12 | Nantong | 南通 | Jiangsu | 2-Jan-09 |
| 13 | Beihai | 北海 | Guangxi | 9-Nov-10 |
| 14 | Jiaxing | 嘉兴 | Zhejiang | 27-Jan-11 |
| 15 | Yixing | 宜兴 | Jiangsu | 27-Jan-11 |
| 16 | Zhongshan | 中山 | Guangdong | 17-Mar-11 |
| 17 | Taiyuan | 太原 | Shanxi | 17-Mar-11 |
| 18 | Penglai | 蓬莱 | Shandong | 1-May-11 |
| 19 | Huili | 会理 | Sichuan | 8-Nov-11 |
| 20 | Kuqa | 库车 | Xinjiang | 15-Mar-12 |
| 21 | Yining | 伊宁 | Xinjiang | 28-Jun-12 |
| 22 | Taizhou | 泰州 | Jiangsu | 10-Feb-13 |
| 23 | Huize | 会泽 | Yunnan | 18-May-13 |
| 24 | Yantai | 烟台 | Shandong | 18-Nov-13 |
| 25 | Qingzhou | 青州 | Shandong | 18-Nov-13 |
| 26 | Huzhou | 湖州 | Zhejiang | 14-Jul-14 |
| 27 | Qiqihar | 齐齐哈尔 | Heilongjiang | 6-Aug-14 |
| 28 | Changzhou | 常州 | Jiangsu | 1-Aug-15 |
| 29 | Ruijin | 瑞金 | Jiangxi | 11-Aug-15 |
| 30 | Huizhou | 惠州 | Guangdong | 3-Oct-15 [6] |
| 31 | Wenzhou | 温州 | Zhejiang | 22-Apr-16 [7] |
| 32 | Gaoyou | 高邮 | Jiangsu | 28-Nov-16 [8] |
الهامش
- ^ Protection Law on Cultural Relics of China (2013 Amendment)
- ^ gov.cn: 第一批国家历史文化名城
- ^ china.com: 第二批国家历史文化名城 or Chinalawedu
- ^ chinalaw.gov: 第三批国家历史文化名城 or yanan.gov
- ^ Complete list of the National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities in China (1982–2015), according to 163.com (September 1, 2015) Chinese / 中文 Archived سبتمبر 17, 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Xinmin (September 1, 2015) Chinese / 中文 or youth.cn: (September 1, 2015) Chinese / 中文
- ^ gov.cn: 国务院关于同意将广东省惠州市列为国家历史文化名城的批复 (国函〔2015〕177号, also see huizhou.cn or xinhuanet
- ^ gov.cn: 国务院关于同意将浙江省温州市列为国家历史文化名城的批复 (国函〔2016〕75号), also see zjol.com or xinhuanet
- ^ gov.cn: 国务院关于同意将江苏省高邮市列为国家历史文化名城的批复 (国函〔2016〕184号)