المعرفة

مقاطعة ويليامسون، تكساس

مقاطعة ويليامسون (إنگليزية: Williamson County، "Wilco")[1] is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2010 census, its population was 422,679.[2] Its county seat is Georgetown.[3] The county is named for Robert McAlpin Williamson (1804?–1859), a community leader and a veteran of the Battle of San Jacinto.[4]

Williamson County
U.S. county
The Williamson County Courthouse in 2019
The Williamson County Courthouse in 2019
الختم الرسمي لـ Williamson County
Seal
Map of Texas highlighting Williamson County
Location within the U.S. state of Texas
Map of the United States highlighting Texas
موقع Texas ضمن الولايات المتحدة
الإحداثيات: 30°39′20″N 97°35′02″W / 30.6555°N 97.5839°W / 30.6555; -97.5839
البلد الولايات المتحدة
State تكساس
تأسستMarch 13, 1848
السمِيْRobert McAlpin Williamson
SeatGeorgetown
Largest cityRound Rock
المساحة
 • الإجمالي1٬134 ميل² (2٬940 كم²)
 • البر1٬118 ميل² (2٬900 كم²)
 • الماء16 ميل² (40 كم²)  1.4%%
التعداد
 • Estimate 
(2019)
590٬551
 • الكثافة378/sq mi (146/km2)
منطقة التوقيتUTC−6 (Central)
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district31st
الموقع الإلكترونيwilco.org

Williamson County is part of the Austin-Round Rock-Georgetown metropolitan statistical area. It was included with Austin in the Best Cities to Live in for 2009 by the Milken Institute.[5] It is on both the Edwards Plateau to the west, rocky terrain and hills, and Texas Blackland Prairies in the east, rich, fertile farming land. The two areas are roughly bisected by Interstate 35.

Confederate statue at Williamson County courthouse
A part of Courthouse Square in Georgetown

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التاريخ

قبل التاريخ

 
This Clovis point is from a period of habitation of about 11,200 years ago.

Much of Williamson County has been the site of human habitation for at least 11,200 years. The earliest known inhabitants of the area lived during the late Pleistocene (Ice Age), and are linked to the Clovis culture around 9,200 BC based on evidence found at Bell County's much-studied Gault Site.[6] One of the most important discoveries in recent times is the ancient skeletal remains dubbed the "Leanderthal Lady" because of its age and proximity to Leander, Texas.[7] It was discovered by accident by the Texas Department of Transportation workers while drilling core samples for a new highway. The site has been extensively studied for many years, and samples from this site carbon date to the Pleistocene period around 10,500 years ago. Prehistoric and Archaic "open occupation" campsites are also found throughout the county along streams and other water sources, including Brushy Creek in Round Rock and the San Gabriel River in Georgetown. Such evidence of Archaic-period inhabitants is often in the form of relics and flint tools recovered from burned rock middens. Many such sites were inundated when the San Gabriel River was dammed to create Lake Granger.[8]

The earliest known historical Native American occupants, the Tonkawa, were a flint-working, hunting people who followed the buffalo on foot and periodically set fire to the prairie to aid them in their hunts. During the 18th century, they made the transition to a horse culture and used firearms to a limited extent. After they were crowded out by white settlement, the Comanches continued to raid settlements in the county until the 1860s. Also, small numbers of Kiowa, Yojuane, Tawakoni, and Mayeye Indians apparently were living in the county at the time of the earliest Anglo settlements.[8]

الجغرافيا

المقاطعات المجاورة

الديمغرافيا

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد Pop. %±
18501٬568—
18604٬529188٫8%
18706٬36840٫6%
188015٬155138�0%
189025٬90971�0%
190038٬07246٫9%
191042٬22810٫9%
192042٬9341٫7%
193044٬1462٫8%
194041٬698−5٫5%
195038٬853−6٫8%
196035٬044−9٫8%
197037٬3056٫5%
198076٬521105٫1%
1990139٬55182٫4%
2000249٬96779٫1%
2010422٬67969٫1%
2019 (تق.)590٬551[9]39٫7%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1850–2010[11] 2010–2019[2]
تاريخ التعداد البلدي [12]
# أكبر المدن بمقاطعة وليامسون 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2018 (تقدير)
1 راوند روك 1,438 1,878 2,811 11,812 30,923 61,136 99,887 128,739
2 سيدر پارك 202 385 692 3,474 5,161 26,049 48,937 76,999
3 جورجتاون 4,951 5,218 6,395 9,468 14,842 28,339 47,400 74,180
4 لياندر - - - 2,179 3,398 7,596 26,521 56,111
5 عوتو n/a 400 545 659 630 1,250 14,698 26,434
6 تيلر 9,071 9,434 9,616 10,619 11,472 13,575 15,191 17,167
إجمالي مقاطعة وليامسون 38,853 35,044 37,305 76,521 139,551 249,967 422,679 566,719


الحكومة والسياسة

 
Williamson County Precinct Map – Image courtesy of the Williamson County Commissioners Court

Election turnout reflects the county's tremendous growth. In 1960, only 7,870 votes were cast, compared to 289,555 in 2020.

نتائج الانتخابات الرئاسية
Presidential elections results[13]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 48.2% 139,729 49.6% 143,795 2.0% 6,031
2016 50.9% 104,175 41.3% 84,468 7.8% 16,016
2012 59.2% 97,006 37.8% 61,875 3.0% 4,923
2008 55.5% 88,323 42.5% 67,691 2.0% 3,152
2004 65.0% 83,284 33.6% 43,117 1.4% 1,797
2000 67.8% 65,041 27.7% 26,591 4.5% 4,303
1996 55.4% 36,836 36.3% 24,175 8.3% 5,511
1992 42.8% 26,208 31.7% 19,437 25.5% 15,609
1988 57.9% 27,322 41.5% 19,589 0.7% 319
1984 72.0% 25,774 27.7% 9,911 0.3% 99
1980 56.4% 15,035 39.0% 10,408 4.6% 1,218
1976 44.0% 7,481 55.0% 9,355 1.0% 174
1972 64.4% 6,998 35.0% 3,806 0.6% 63
1968 28.9% 2,923 54.6% 5,528 16.5% 1,672
1964 19.2% 1,766 80.7% 7,430 0.1% 6
1960 30.9% 2,429 68.7% 5,410 0.4% 31
1956 40.0% 2,947 59.8% 4,402 0.2% 18
1952 42.1% 3,646 57.8% 5,010 0.1% 7
1948 15.6% 1,094 80.2% 5,638 4.2% 294
1944 16.7% 1,239 71.1% 5,284 12.2% 908
1940 22.3% 1,714 77.5% 5,944 0.2% 13
1936 7.0% 375 92.8% 4,995 0.2% 13
1932 5.8% 418 94.0% 6,783 0.2% 13
1928 33.1% 1,833 66.7% 3,689 0.2% 9
1924 12.3% 934 83.5% 6,324 4.2% 320
1920 16.2% 819 53.0% 2,677 30.8% 1,555
1916 19.0% 656 78.3% 2,701 2.7% 94
1912 9.6% 246 78.4% 2,014 12.1% 310


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صن سيتي تكساس

One of the most significant growth factors of modern Williamson County is the location of a new Sun City community in Georgetown. Opened in June 1995, and originally named "Sun City Georgetown", Sun City Texas is a 5,300-acre (21-km2) age-restricted community about 10 mi (16 km) west of IH-35 on Andice Road (RR 2338). It is part of the chain of Sun City communities started by the Del Webb Corporation (now a division of Pulte Homes).[14] Residency is restricted to persons over age 55 (at least one person in a couple has to be 55 or older) and the community is generally oriented toward retirees.[15]

 
Sun City Texas pool at one of several recreation centers

As originally planned, the project would double the size of Georgetown's population.[16] Sun City Texas is made up mostly of single-family dwellings, but also has duplexes. The Sun City project includes three golf courses (Legacy Hills, White Wing, and Cowan Creek).[15] Although the community attracts residents from all over, most come from within Texas to stay close to their original homes. Vocal opposition to the project has occurred, especially at the start during the zoning process, with arguments against the size of the community, its effect on Georgetown as a family-oriented town, concerns about the costs of providing city utilities, concern about lowered city and Williamson County property taxes, which are fixed for retirees under Texas law, and the disproportionate effect of city voting.

By and large, though, the community has been welcomed and accepted by the Georgetown populace. In the 2008 city elections, for example, two residents of Sun City were the only candidates for mayor of Georgetown. They also were both formerly elected city council members.[17]

الاقتصاد

 
Cotton bolls ready for harvest

الزراعة

Williamson County was an agrarian community for most of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Cotton was the dominant crop in the area between the 1880s and the 1920s, and Williamson County was the top producer of cotton in Texas.[18] Primarily to transport bales of cotton, the county was served by two national railroads, the International-Great Northern Railroad, which eventually merged into the Missouri Pacific, and the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad. The town of Taylor in eastern Williamson County became the primary center for cotton production, cotton ginning, and compressing cotton into bales to transport by rail.

Other agriculture activities, farming, and dairying were also a part of rural Williamson County east of the Balcones Fault, and ranching occurred to the west in the Hill Country area. Both gradually gave way to more modern business, services, and retail as the area became more urban, but cattle ranching is still a major business in some areas of the county, and cotton is still a significant crop eastward toward Hutto and Taylor.

 
Williamson County's only "full-service" hotel, with ballrooms and dining and executive meeting rooms, is the Austin North Marriott located in the La Frontera portion of Round Rock.

النقل

المقالة الرئيسية: List of highways in Williamson County, Texas


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التجمعات

المدن (متعددة المقاطعات)

المدن

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

بلدات مهجورة

أشخاص بارزون

 
The original Chainsaw Massacre movie house was moved in 1993[بحاجة لمصدر] and restored to become a restaurant at The Antlers Hotel in Kingsland

في الثقافة الشعبية

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ http://www.wilco.org Archived نوفمبر 6, 2004 at the Wayback Machine --> Williamson County, TX Home Page
  2. ^ أ ب "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on يونيو 7, 2011. Retrieved ديسمبر 29, 2013.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on مايو 31, 2011. Retrieved يونيو 7, 2011.
  4. ^ "WILLIAMSON, ROBERT MCALPIN [THREE LEGGED WILLIE]". tshaonline.org. يونيو 15, 2010. Archived from the original on مايو 9, 2018. Retrieved مايو 9, 2018.
  5. ^ "Austin-Round Rock, Texas MSA". The Milken Institute. Archived from the original on يوليو 21, 2011.
  6. ^ "Handbook of Texas Online, "Gault Site" entry". يونيو 15, 2010. Archived from the original on يوليو 10, 2011. Retrieved يوليو 18, 2010.
  7. ^ Thompson, Karen R.; Jane H. Digesualado. Historical Round Rock Texas. Austin, Texas: Nortex Press (Eakin Publications). pp. 4, 7.
  8. ^ أ ب MARK, ODINTZ (يونيو 15, 2010). "WILLIAMSON COUNTY". tshaonline.org. Archived from the original on مايو 9, 2018. Retrieved مايو 9, 2018.
  9. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". United States Census Bureau. مايو 24, 2020. Retrieved مايو 27, 2020.
  10. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved مايو 12, 2015.
  11. ^ "Texas Almanac: Population History of Counties from 1850–2010" (PDF). Texas Almanac. Archived (PDF) from the original on فبراير 26, 2015. Retrieved مايو 12, 2015.
  12. ^ Texas Almanac: City Population History from 1850–2000 Archived سبتمبر 16, 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Texas Almanac. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
  13. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Archived from the original on مارس 23, 2018. Retrieved مايو 9, 2018.
  14. ^ Novak, Shonda. "Builders Pulte, Centex to combine in deal with national significance: Merger might be sign of industry rebound". Austin American-Statesman: B–07.
  15. ^ أ ب Ward, Pamela (ديسمبر 29, 1996). "On course for a grand opening in sun city". Austin American-Statesman: B–1. Retrieved يوليو 18, 2010.
  16. ^ "Del". Archived from the original on يونيو 18, 2012.
  17. ^ Banta, Bob (أبريل 10, 2008). "Mayoral hopefuls let their work talk". Austin American-Statesman. pp. W–01.
  18. ^ McLemore, Andrew (أغسطس 15, 2010). "Cotton County". Williamson County Sun.
  19. ^ "The Antlers". Archived from the original on يوليو 11, 2013.
  20. ^ Pack, MM (أكتوبر 23, 2003). "The Killing Fields: A culinary history of 'The Texas Chainsaw Massacre' farmhouse". The Austin Chronicle. Archived from the original on يناير 5, 2014. Retrieved فبراير 2, 2011.

وصلات خارجية

Coordinates: 30°40′N 97°37′W / 30.66°N 97.61°W / 30.66; -97.61

قالب:Williamson County, Texas قالب:Greater Austin

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