تالاهاسي، فلوريدا
تالاهاسي ( Tallahassee ؛ /ˌtæləˈhæsi/ TAL-ə-HASS-ee) عاصمة ولاية فلوريدا, الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. In 2020, the population was 196,169,[6] making it the 8th-largest city in the U.S state of Florida, and the 126th-largest city in the United States.[7] The population of the Tallahassee metropolitan area was 385,145 اعتبارا من 2018[تحديث]. Tallahassee is the largest city in the Florida Big Bend and Florida Panhandle region, and the main center for trade and agriculture in the Florida Big Bend and Southwest Georgia regions.
Tallahassee | |
|---|---|
| City of Tallahassee | |
 Top, Left to Right: Tallahassee Skyline, Florida Capitol Buildings, Unconquered statue of Osceola and Renegade at FSU, FAMU's Marching 100, Old St. Augustine Canopy Road, and Cascades Park | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| الشعار: "Florida's Capital City" | |
 Location within Leon County and the state of Florida | |
  Tallahassee Location within Florida  Tallahassee Location within the United States  Tallahassee Location within North America | |
| الإحداثيات: 30°27′18″N 84°15′12″W / 30.45500°N 84.25333°WCoordinates: 30°27′18″N 84°15′12″W / 30.45500°N 84.25333°W | |
| البلد |  الولايات المتحدة |
| الولاية |  فلوريدا |
| المقاطعة | ليون |
| تأسست | 1824 |
| الحكومة | |
| • النوع | Council–Manager |
| • العمدة | John Dailey (D) |
| المساحة | |
| • Total | 104٫74 ميل² (271٫27 كم²) |
| • البر | 101٫85 ميل² (263٫80 كم²) |
| • الماء | 2٫89 ميل² (7٫47 كم²) |
| المنسوب | 203 ft (62 m) |
| التعداد (2020) | |
| • Total | 196٬169 |
| • الترتيب | 127th, U.S. |
| • الكثافة | 1٬926٫00/sq mi (743٫64/km2) |
| • Urban | 252٬934 (US: 162nd)[3] |
| • الكثافة الحضرية | 2٬016٫1/sq mi (778٫4/km2) |
| • العمرانية | 385٬145 (US: 140th) |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code(s) | 32300–32399 |
| مفتاح الهاتف | 850 |
| FIPS code | 12-70600[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 308416[5] |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | www |
With a student population exceeding 70,000, Tallahassee is a college town, home to Florida State University, ranked the nation's 18-best public university by U.S. News & World Report;[8] Florida A&M University, the fifth-largest historically black university by enrollment;[9] and Tallahassee Community College, a large state college that serves mainly as a feeder school to Florida State and Florida A&M.[10]
As the capital, Tallahassee is the site of the Florida State Capitol, Supreme Court of Florida, Florida Governor's Mansion, and nearly 30 state agency headquarters. The city is also known for its large number of law firms, lobbying organizations, trade associations and professional associations, including the Florida Bar and the Florida Chamber of Commerce.[11] It is a recognized regional center for scientific research, and home to the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. In 2015, Tallahassee was awarded the All-American City Award by the National Civic League for the second time.
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التاريخ
 Mission San Luis de Apalachee as it may have appeared in the 17th century |
Indigenous peoples occupied this area for thousands of years before European encounter. Around 1200 CE, the large and complex Mississippian culture had built earthwork mounds near Lake Jackson which survive today; they are preserved in the Lake Jackson Archaeological State Park.[12]
The Spanish Empire established their first colonial settlement at St. Augustine. During the 17th century they established several missions in Apalachee territory to procure food and labor to support their settlement, as well as to convert the natives to Roman Catholicism. The largest, Mission San Luis de Apalachee in Tallahassee, has been partially reconstructed by the state of Florida.
The expedition of Pánfilo de Narváez encountered the Apalachee people, although it did not reach the site of Tallahassee. Hernando de Soto and his mid-16th century expedition occupied the Apalachee town of Anhaica (at what is now Tallahassee) in the winter of 1538–1539. Based on archaeological excavations, this Anhaica site is now known to have been about 0.5 miles (800 m) east of the present Florida State Capitol. The De Soto encampment is believed to be the first place Christmas was celebrated in the continental United States although there is no historical documentation to back this claim.[13]
The name Tallahassee is a Muskogean language word often translated as "old fields" or "old town".[14] It was likely an expression of the Creek people who migrated from Georgia and Alabama to this region in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, under pressure from European-American encroachment on their territory. They found large areas of cleared land previously occupied by the Apalachee tribe. (The Creek and later refugees who joined them developed as the Seminole Indians of Florida.)
During the First Seminole War, General Andrew Jackson fought two separate skirmishes in and around Tallahassee, which was then Spanish territory. The first battle took place on November 12, 1817. After Chief Neamathla, of the village of Fowltown just west of present-day Tallahassee, refused Jackson's orders to relocate, Jackson entered the village, burnt it to the ground, and drove off its occupants. The Indians retaliated, killing 50 soldiers and civilians. Jackson reentered Florida in March 1818. According to Jackson's adjutant, Colonel Robert Butler, they "advanced on the Indian village called Tallahasse (sic) [where] two of the enemy were made prisoner."[15]
عاصمة الولاية
 A hand-colored photograph of Cascades Park in 1912 |
Florida became an American territory in September 1821, in accordance with the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819.
The first session of the Legislative Council of the Territory of Florida met on July 22, 1822, at Pensacola, the former capital of West Florida. Members from St. Augustine, the former capital of East Florida, traveled 59 days by water to attend. The second session was in St. Augustine, and western delegates needed 28 days to travel perilously around the peninsula to reach St. Augustine. During this session, delegates decided to hold future meetings at a halfway point. Two appointed commissioners selected Tallahassee, at that point an Apalachee settlement (Anhaica) virtually abandoned after Andrew Jackson burned it in 1818, as a halfway point. In 1824 the third legislative session met there in a crude log building serving as the capitol.[16]
الجغرافيا
أفق المدينة
المناخ
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المدن الشقيقة
Tallahassee has 6 sister cities as follows:[18]
Konongo-Odumase, Ashanti, Ghana
Krasnodar, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
St. Maarten, Netherlands Antilles
Sligo, County Sligo, Ireland
Rugao, Jiangsu, China
Ramat HaSharon, Tel Aviv District, Israel
معرض صور
Turlington Education Building as seen from the Civic Center
The Downtown Tallahassee Doubletree Hotel
Tennyson Condominiums as seen through a break in the downtown Federal Courthouse Square
Westminster Gardens, formerly the Georgia Bell Dickinson Apartments, in Downtown Tallahassee
Highpoint Center as seen from the Florida Capitol
The historic Exchange Bank Building, considered to be the city's first highrise building
The Korean War Memorial at Cascades Park facing the Florida Capitol
Union Bank, Florida's oldest surviving bank building
Florida's historic state capitol building built in 1845
Kleman Plaza in the heart of Downtown Tallahassee
The U.S. Federal Courthouse in Tallahassee
The Florida Korean War Memorial
The Florida Supreme Court Building
The Tallahassee-Leon County Visitors Center
Leroy Collins Leon County Public Library from Park Ave
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المراجع
- ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 2, 2021.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Archived from the original on February 26, 2012. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "List of 2020 Census Urban Areas". census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: تالاهاسي، فلوريدا
- ^ "Tallahassee city, Florida". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 15, 2022.
- ^ "Table 1: 2010 Municipality Population" (CSV). 2010 Population. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. March 24, 2010. Archived from the original on January 3, 2010. Retrieved July 1, 2009.
- ^ "rankings". www.usnews.com. Archived from the original on September 10, 2018. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
- ^ "How Does FAMU Rank Among America's Best Colleges?". Colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com. Archived from the original on January 20, 2015. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
- ^ "Team, News, Projects | Tallahassee Investor Relations | BondLink". www.tallahasseebonds.com. Retrieved June 15, 2020.
- ^ "Florida Chamber of Commerce | Home Page". Flchamber.com. Archived from the original on August 4, 2014. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 12, 2014. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "North America's first Christmas? – Tallahassee Magazine – November–December 2012". www.tallahasseemagazine.com (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 30, 2017.
- ^ "Name Origins of Florida Places". Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources. Archived from the original on July 29, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
- ^ Hare, p.22
- ^ Florida: A Short History, Michael V. Gannon, ISBN 0-8130-1167-1, 1993
- ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم
<ref>غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماةNOAA - ^ "Tallahassee mayor calls for termination of 'sister city' relationship with Russian city". WTXL. March 3, 2022. Retrieved March 4, 2022.