الأوروپاوية
الدعوة إلى الأوروپاوية Pro-Europeanism هي مصطلحيستخدم عموماً لأي توجه سياسي يفضل التعاون بين الدول الأوروبية. وبالتحديد، حين يُستخدم في سياق التكامل الأوروبي والاتحاد الأوروبي، فإنه يشير إلى موقف سياسي ينظر للأمرين بشكل محبذ.
As such, it is the opposite of "Euroscepticism", which refers to political attitudes sceptical of – or opposed to – European integration. (it should not be confused with the more generic term "Anti-Europeanism" which may refer to attitudes to transatlantic relations within the US foreign policy).
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أحزاب في دول أعضاء في الاتحاد الأوروبي
Austria: Austrian People's Party,[1] Social Democratic Party of Austria,[2] The Greens - The Green Alternative, NEOS – The New Austria[3]
Belgium: Reformist Mouvement, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats[4], Socialist Party, Christian Democratic and Flemish, Ecolo, Green
Bulgaria: Union of Democratic Forces,[5][6][7] Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria,[7] Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria,[7] Movement for Rights and Freedoms[بحاجة لمصدر]
Croatia: Croatian Democratic Union[8], Social Democratic Party of Croatia, Croatian Peasant Party, Civic Liberal Alliance, Istrian Democratic Assembly
Cyprus: Democratic Rally, Democratic Party
Czech Republic: ANO 2011, Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party,[9] Czech Pirate Party,[10] Czech Social Democratic Party,[11] Green Party,[12] TOP 09[13]
Denmark: Danish Social Liberal Party,[14] Social Democrats,[15] Venstre,[16] Conservative People's Party[17]
Estonia: Estonian Social Democratic Party,[18] Estonian Centre Party,[19] Estonian Reform Party, Estonian Greens, Pro Patria and Res Publica Union, Estonian Free Party
Finland: Centre Party, National Coalition Party, Social Democratic Party of Finland, Green League
France: En Marche!, Democratic Movement, The Republicans, Socialist Party, Europe Ecology – The Greens, Radical Party of the Left, Union of Democrats and Independents
Germany: Alliance '90/The Greens, Christian Democratic Union, Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Free Democratic Party
Greece: New Democracy, Panhellenic Socialist Movement, The River
Hungary: Democratic Coalition, Hungarian Socialist Party, Hungarian Liberal Party, Modern Hungary Movement, Together, Dialogue for Hungary, Civic Conservative Party
Ireland: Fine Gael, Fianna Fáil, Labour Party, Social Democrats, Green Party
Italy: Democratic Party, Forza Italia, New Centre-Right – Union of the Centre
Latvia: Unity, Social Democratic Party "Harmony", Latvian Development
Lithuania: Homeland Union, Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, Liberal Movement
Luxembourg: Christian Social People's Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, Democratic Party, The Greens
Malta: Nationalist Party, Labour Party
Netherlands: Democrats 66, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Labour Party, Christian Democratic Appeal, GroenLinks
Poland: Civic Platform, .Modern, Polish People's Party, Democratic Left Alliance
Portugal: Social Democratic Party, Socialist Party, Ecologist Party "The Greens", People–Animals–Nature Party, LIVRE.
Romania: Social Democratic Party, National Liberal Party, People's Movement Party, Alliance of Liberals and Democrats, Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania
Slovakia: Christian Democratic Movement, Slovak Democratic and Christian Union – Democratic Party, Direction - Social Democracy, Most-Híd, Network
Slovenia: Modern Centre Party,[20] Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia, Social Democrats (Slovenia),[21] New Slovenia,[22] Party of Alenka Bratušek,[23] Slovenian People's Party,[24]
Spain: People's Party, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Citizens, Equo, Union, Progress and Democracy
Sweden: Swedish Social Democratic Party, Moderate Party, Centre Party, Liberals, Christian Democrats
United Kingdom: Liberal Democrats,[25][26] Green Party of England and Wales,[27] Plaid Cymru,[28][29] Scottish National Party,[30] Social Democratic and Labour Party,[31] Green Party of Scotland,[32] Women's Equality Party,[33] Alliance Party of Northern Ireland,[34] Green Party in Northern Ireland,[35] Mebyon Kernow,[36] UK European People's Party,[37] Left Unity[38]
خارج الاتحاد الأوروبي
Albania: Democratic Party of Albania, Socialist Party of Albania, LSI, Republican Party of Albania, Unity for Human Rights Party
Armenia: ADL, Democratic Liberal Party, Free Democrats (Armenia), Heritage, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia, Way Out Alliance
Belarus: Belarusian Christian Democracy, BPF Party, United Democratic Forces of Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina: Democratic Party of Federalists, Serb Democratic Party, Union for a Better Future, Democratic Front, Croatian Democratic Union 1990, Union for a Better Future of BiH
Macedonia: VMRO-DPMNE, Social Democratic Union, New Social Democratic Party
Georgia: Georgian Dream, European Georgia, National Movement (Georgia)
Iceland: Social Democratic Alliance, Bright Future, Reform Party
Montenegro: Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, DEMOS, Positive Montenegro, Liberal Party
Norway: Conservative Party, Labour Party
Moldova: Liberal Democratic Party, Democratic Party, Liberal Party, European People's Party
Russia: Yabloko, People's Freedom Party
Turkey: Peoples' Democratic Party, Republican People's Party, Good Party, Democratic Left Party, Democrat Party, Liberal Democratic Party
Serbia: Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party, League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina, United Serbia, Serbian Renewal Movement, New Party, Strength of Serbia Movement, Serbian Progressive Party, Socialist Party of Serbia
Switzerland: Social Democratic Party of Switzerland, Green Party of Switzerland, Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, FDP.The Liberals, Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
Ukraine: Fatherland, Ukrainian People's Party, Our Ukraine, European Party of Ukraine, People's Front, Petro Poroshenko Bloc
شراكات أوروبية متعددة الجنسيات
- An international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy, rule of law in Europe and to promote European culture.
- It has 47 member states, with approximately 820 million people
- The world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization, with 57 participating states mostly in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere.
انظر أيضاً
الهامش
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- ^ Ton Notermans (January 2001). Social Democracy and Monetary Union. Berghahn Books. p. 203. ISBN 978-1-57181-806-5.
- ^ "Austria's Freedom Party sees vote rise". BBC News. 25 May 2014. Retrieved 25 May 2014.
- ^ Almeida, Dimitri (107). The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties: Beyond the Permissive Consensus. Routledge. p. 107.
- ^ Nathaniel Copsey; Tim Haughton (2009). The JCMS Annual Review of the European Union in 2008. John Wiley & Sons. p. 56. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
- ^ Richard Davis Anderson (2001). "Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy". Princeton University Press. p. 147. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
- ^ أ ب ت Donatella M. Viola (2015). Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge. p. 639. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
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- ^ "Česko by bez pomoci EU mohlo být popelnicí Evropy, míní Chmelař". ČSSD. 28 July 2017. Retrieved 29 September 2017.
{{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|dead-url=(help) - ^ "Zelení: Evropa musí zahájit jednání o své federalizaci - Strana zelených". Zeliní. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2017.
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