يوگ‌ياكرتا

هذا المقال هو عن the city. إذا كنت تريد the province، انظر Special Region of Yogyakarta. إذا كنت تريد other uses، انظر Yogyakarta (disambiguation).

يوگ‌ياكرتا ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ Ngayogyakarta Yogya Jogjakarta Jogja
Special region capital
City of Yogyakarta Kota Yogyakarta
Tugu Yogyakarta Royal Palace of Yogyakarta Taman Sari Water Castle Gedung Agung Malioboro Street
Flag الشعار Wordmark
الكنية:  Kota Pelajar (City of Students), Kota Budaya (Cultural City), Kota Gudeg (Gudeg City)
الشعار:  ꦲꦩꦼꦩꦪꦸꦲꦪꦸꦤꦶꦁꦧꦮꦤ (جاوية) Hamemayu Hayuning Bawana "Beautify the Beauty of the World"
يوگ‌ياكرتا Location in Java and Indonesia يوگ‌ياكرتا يوگ‌ياكرتا (إندونيسيا)
الإحداثيات: 7°48′5″S 110°21′52″E
Country	إندونيسيا
Province	يوگياكرتا، منطقة خاصة
الحكومة
• Mayor	Hasto Wardoyo (PDI-P)
• Vice Mayor	Wawan Harmawan
• Legislature	Yogyakarta City Regional House of Representatives (DPRD)
المساحة
• Special region capital	32٫82 كم² (12٫67 ميل²)
• العمران	2٬159٫1 كم² (833٫6 ميل²)
المنسوب	113 m (371 ft)
التعداد  (mid 2023 estimate)
• Special region capital	375٬699
• الكثافة	11٬000/km2 (30٬000/sq mi)
• العمرانية	4٬010٬436
• الكثافة العمرانية	1٬900/km2 (4٬800/sq mi)
منطقة التوقيت	UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Area code	(+62) 274
لوحة السيارة	AB (motor vehicles) YB (cycle rickshaw) YK (horse-drawn carriage)
Nominal GDP	2023
- Total	▲Rp 46.193 trillion (29th) ▲US$ 3.031 billion ▲Int$ 9.706 billion (PPP)
- Per capita	▲Rp 122,951 thousand ▲US$ 8,066 ▲Int$ 25,834 (PPP)
- Metro	▲Rp 139.637 trillion ▲US$ 9.161 billion ▲Int$ 29.340 billion (PPP)
- Growth	▲ 6.1%
HDI (2024)	▲ 0.887 (1st) very High
الموقع الإلكتروني	jogjakota.go.id
موقع تراث عالمي لليونسكو Official name The Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta and its Historic Landmarks السمات ثقافي: (ii), (iii) مراجع 1671 التدوين 2023 (47 Session) المساحة 42.22 ha (104.3 acre) منطقة عازلة 291.17 ha (719.5 acre)

يوگ‌ياكرتا (Yogyakarta ؛ وأيضاً جوگجا Jogja، جوگ‌جاكرتا Jogjakarta) هي مدينة وعاصمة يوگ‌ياكرتا المنطقة الخاصة في الجزء الجنوبي-الأوسط من جزيرة جاوة في إندونيسيا. As the only Indonesian royal city still ruled by a monarchy, Yogyakarta is regarded as an important centre for classical Javanese fine arts and culture such as ballet, batik textiles, drama, literature, music, poetry, silversmithing, visual arts, and wayang puppetry. Renowned as a centre of Indonesian education, Yogyakarta is home to a large student population and dozens of schools and universities, including Gadjah Mada University, the country's largest institute of higher education and one of its most prestigious.

وتشتهر بأنها مركز الفن والثقافة الجاوية الكلاسيكية الرفيعة مثل الباتيك، الباليه، الدراما، الموسيقى، الشعر ومسرح العرائس. وكانت يوگ‌ياكرتا عاصمة إندونسيا أثناء الثورة الوطنية الإندونيسية من 1945 وحتى 1949. أحد مناطق يوگ‌ياكرتا، كوتاگده، كانت عاصمة سلطنة مطرم من 1575 وحتى 1640. وقد سُميت المدينة على اسم المدينة الهندية أيوديا من ملحمة الرامايانا. فكلمة يوگيا تعني 'مناسب'، و كرتا، 'مزدهر' (أي 'مدينة يليق بها الازدهار').

Yogyakarta is the capital of the Yogyakarta Sultanate and served as the Indonesian capital from 1946 to 1948 during the Indonesian National Revolution, with Gedung Agung as the president's office. One of the districts in southeastern Yogyakarta, Kota, was the capital of the Mataram Sultanate between 1587 and 1613.

The city's population was 388,627 at the 2010 census, and 373,589 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 375,699, composed of 182,840 men and 192,859 women. The greater metropolitan area includes the city of Magelang and 65 districts across Sleman, Klaten, Bantul, Kulon Progo and Magelang regencies and was home to 4,010,436 inhabitants in 2010. Yogyakarta has the highest HDI (Human Development Index) of all Indonesian regencies and cities, with a score of 0.887.

 أصل وكتابة الاسم

Yogyakarta is named after the Indian city of Ayodhya, the birthplace of the eponymous hero Rama from the Ramayana epic. Yogya means "suitable; fit; proper", and karta means "prosperous; flourishing". Thus, Yogyakarta means "[a city that is] fit to prosper".

In colonial era correspondence, the city is often written in the Javanese script as ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠ, read as /ŋajoɡjakarta/ with the added prefix nga-.

In the orthography of the time, the proper name was spelt with the Latin alphabet as "Jogjakarta". As the orthography of the Indonesian language changed, the consonant /j/ came to be written with ⟨y⟩, and the consonant /dʒ/ with ⟨j⟩. Personal and geographical names however, were allowed to maintain their original spelling according to contemporary Indonesian orthography. Thus, the city can be written as "Yogyakarta", which is true to its original pronunciation and the Javanese script spelling, or "Jogjakarta", which is true to the old Dutch spelling and reflects popular pronunciation today, but differs from the original Ayodhya etymology. One may encounter either "Yogyakarta" or "Jogjakarta" in contemporary documents.

 التاريخ

 مملكة مطرم (8th - 10th Century CE)

According to the Canggal inscription dated 732 CE, the area traditionally known as "Mataram" became the capital of the Medang Kingdom, identified as Mdang i Bhumi Mataram established by King Sanjaya of Mataram. The inscription was found in a Hindu temple in Central Java, 40 km away from Yogyakarta and 20 km away from the giant Borobudur temple complex. This Hindu temple itself was on the border between the area of the Hindu Sanjaya dynasty and the area of the Buddhist Shailendra dynasty.

Mataram became the centre of a refined and sophisticated Javanese Hindu-Buddhist culture for about three centuries in the heartland of the Progo River valley, on the southern slopes of Mount Merapi volcano. This time period witnessed the construction of numerous candi, including Borobudur and Prambanan.

Around the year 929 CE, the last ruler of the Sanjaya dynasty, King Mpu Sindok of Mataram, moved the seat of power of the Mataram Kingdom from Central Java to East Java and thus established the Isyana dynasty. The exact cause of the move is still uncertain; however, a severe eruption from Mount Merapi or a power struggle with the Sumatra-based Srivijaya kingdom probably caused the move.

Historians suggest that some time during the reign of King Wawa of Mataram (924–929 CE), Merapi erupted and devastated the kingdom's capital in Mataram.

 امبراطورية ماجاپاهيت (1293 - 1527)

During the Majapahit era, the area surrounding modern Yogyakarta was identified again as "Mataram" and recognised as one of the twelve Majapahit provinces in Java ruled by Bhre Mataram. During the reign of the fourth king of the Majapahit Empire, the Hindu Hayam Wuruk (1350–1389) of the Rajasa dynasty, the title of Bhre Mataram was held by the king's nephew and son-in-law Wikramawardhana, later the fifth king of Majapahit.

 سلطنة مطرم (1575 - 1620)

Kotagede, former capital of the Mataram Sultanate

Kotagede, now a district in southeastern Yogyakarta, was established as the capital of the Mataram Sultanate from 1587 to 1613.

During the reign of Sultan Agung Hanyokrokusumo (1613–1645), the Mataram Sultanate reached its zenith as the greatest kingdom in Java, and expanded its influence to Central Java, East Java, and half of West Java. After two changes of capital—to Karta and then to Plered, both located in present-day Bantul Regency—the capital of the Mataram Sultanate finally moved to Kartasura.

 معاهدة جيانتي: انفصال يوگ‌ياكرتا والغزوات الأوروبية (1745 - 1945)

The pavilion of the Museum of Sultan Hamengkubuwana IX, located in the main side of Yogyakarta Royal Palace

The Taman Sari Water Castle, the former royal garden of the Sultan of Yogyakarta

A civil war in the Mataram Sultanate broke out between Pakubuwono II (1745–1749), the last ruler of Kartasura, and his younger brother and heir apparent to the throne, Prince Mangkubumi (later known as Hamengkubuwono I, the first Sultan of Yogyakarta, and the founder of the current ruling royal house). Pakubuwono II had agreed to cooperate with the Dutch East India Company, and ceded some Mataram territory to the Dutch. Prince Mangkubumi, stood against the agreement, citing concerns that the people would become slaves under Dutch rule. During the war, Prince Mangkubumi defeated Pakubuwono II's forces and declared sovereignty in the Sultanate of Yogyakarta, occupying the southern parts of the former Mataram Sultanate.

With Pakubowono II dead from illness, the Yogyakarta Sultanate was established as a result of the Treaty of Giyanti (Perjanjian Gianti), signed and ratified on 13 February 1755 among Prince Mangkubumi, the Dutch East India Company, and his nephew Pakubuwono III and his allies. Ascending to the newly created Yogyakarta throne with the name Sultan Hamengkubuwono I, Mangkubumi thus established the royal House of Hamengkubuwono, still the ruling house of Yogyakarta today. Sultan Hamengkubuwono I and his family officially moved into the Palace of Yogyakarta, still the seat of the reigning sultan, on 7 October 1756. These events consequently marked the end of the Mataram Sultanate, resulting in the births of the rival Yogyakarta Sultanate and the Surakarta Sunanate.

During the brief period of British rule over Java in 1811, rumours of plans by the Yogyakarta court to launch an attack against the British led to uneasiness among the Britons stationed in Java. On 20 June 1812, Sir Stamford Raffles led a 1,200-strong British force to capture the Yogyakarta kraton. The Yogyakarta forces, surprised by the attack, were easily defeated; the kraton fell in one day, and was subsequently sacked and burnt.

The attack on the kraton was the first of its kind in Indonesian history, leaving the Yogyakarta court humiliated. The sultanate found itself involved in conflict again during the Java War.

 عصر جمهورية إندونيسيا (1945 - الحاضر)

In 1942 the Japanese Empire invaded Dutch East Indies and ruled Java until they were defeated in 1945. Sukarno proclaimed the independence of Indonesian Republic on August 1945. Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX promptly send a letter to Sukarno expressing his support to the newly born nation of Indonesia and acknowledge Yogyakarta Sultanate as part of Indonesian Republic. The Sunanate of Surakarta also doing the same, and both of the Javanese kingdoms realm are awarded special status as Special Region within Indonesian Republic. However because leftist anti-royalist uprising in Surakarta, the Sunanate of Surakarta lost its special administrative status in 1946 and absorbed into Central Java Province.

 الجغرافيا

The area of the city of Yogyakarta is 32.82 متر كيلومربع (12.7 ميل مربع). While the city spreads in all directions from the Kraton, the Sultan's palace, the core of the modern city is to the north, centred around Dutch colonial-era buildings and the commercial district. Jalan Malioboro, with rows of pavement vendors and nearby markets and malls, is the primary shopping street for tourists in the city, while Jalan Solo, further north and east, is the shopping district more frequented by locals. The large local market of Beringharjo and the restored Dutch fort of Vredeburg are on the eastern part of the southern end of Malioboro.

Surrounding the Kraton is a densely populated residential neighbourhood that occupies land that was formerly the Sultan's sole domain. Evidence of this former use remains in the form of old walls, scattered throughout the city, and the ruins of the Taman Sari water castle, built in 1758 as a pleasure garden. No longer in use by the Sultan, the garden was largely abandoned before being used for housing by palace employees and descendants. Reconstruction efforts began in 2004, and the site is now a popular tourist attraction.

Nearby to the city of Yogyakarta is Mount Merapi, with the northern outskirts of the city running up to the southern slopes of the mountain in Sleman Regency. Mount Merapi (literally "mountain of fire" in both Indonesian and Javanese), is an active stratovolcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548, with the last eruption occurring in January 2024.

 المناخ

Yogyakarta features a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen: Am) as the precipitation in the driest months between June and September are below 100 ميليمتر (3.9 بوصات). The wettest month in Yogyakarta is January with precipitation totalling 392 ميليمتر (15.4 بوصات). The climate is influenced by the monsoon. The annual temperature is roughly about 26 to 27 Celsius. The hottest month is April with average temperature 27.1 Celsius.

بيانات المناخ لـ Yogyakarta, Indonesia (elevation 121 m أو 397 ft)
الشهر	ينا	فب	مار	أبر	ماي	يون	يول	أغس	سبت	أكت	نوف	ديس	السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف)	31 (88)	32 (90)	32 (90)	33 (91)	32 (90)	32 (90)	32 (90)	32 (90)	34 (93)	35 (95)	35 (95)	32 (90)	35 (95)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف)	29.8 (85.6)	30.5 (86.9)	31.3 (88.3)	31.5 (88.7)	31.1 (88.0)	31.0 (87.8)	30.3 (86.5)	30.7 (87.3)	31.5 (88.7)	31.6 (88.9)	30.9 (87.6)	30.1 (86.2)	30.9 (87.5)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف)	26.3 (79.3)	26.5 (79.7)	26.6 (79.9)	27.1 (80.8)	26.9 (80.4)	26.2 (79.2)	25.4 (77.7)	25.6 (78.1)	26.4 (79.5)	27.0 (80.6)	26.8 (80.2)	26.4 (79.5)	26.4 (79.6)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف)	22.9 (73.2)	22.8 (73.0)	22.9 (73.2)	23.0 (73.4)	22.7 (72.9)	21.5 (70.7)	20.6 (69.1)	20.6 (69.1)	21.7 (71.1)	22.7 (72.9)	23.0 (73.4)	22.8 (73.0)	22.3 (72.1)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف)	20 (68)	21 (70)	21 (70)	21 (70)	18 (64)	16 (61)	17 (63)	16 (61)	18 (64)	21 (70)	21 (70)	20 (68)	16 (61)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches)	392 (15.4)	299 (11.8)	363 (14.3)	149 (5.9)	141 (5.6)	68 (2.7)	29 (1.1)	16 (0.6)	49 (1.9)	136 (5.4)	237 (9.3)	278 (10.9)	2٬157 (84.9)
متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%)	82	82	81	78	77	74	74	71	69	73	77	82	77
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (temp and precip)
Source 2: Weatherbase (temp records & humidity)

 الزلازل

•  مقالة مفصلة: زلزال يوجياكرتا 2006

منطقة يوجياكرتا تحملت غيلة الزلزال الحادث في 27 مايو 2006، الذي بلغت قوة عزمه 6.4 and a maximum MSK intensity of VIII (Damaging). راح ضحيته 5,700 قتيل وعشرات الآلاف من الجرحى، وخسائر مادية بلغت قيمتها 3.1 تريليون دولار أمريكي.

 التقسيمات الإدارية

Administration of Yogyakarta City

The city of Yogyakarta is an administrative part of the Yogyakarta Special Region which has the status of a province in Indonesia. In 2020, Yogyakarta City held the highest population density in Greater Yogyakarta, with 11,546 people per square kilometre, Sleman and Bantul Regencies holding the second place with a population density of 1,958.5 people/sq kilometre, and third place with 1,940 people/sq kilometre respectively. Within the Greater Yogyakarta area lies Yogyakarta city.

Yogyakarta is divided into fourteen district-level subdivisions called kemantren (جاوية: ꦏꦼꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦺꦤ꧀), which makes Yogyakarta the only city in Indonesia to have such a designation, as it applied only within the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Below is a list of the kemantrens with their areas and their populations as at the 2010 Census and the 2020 Census, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages within each district, and its post codes.

Kode Wilayah	Name of District (kemantren)	Area in km2	Pop'n Census 2010	Pop'n Census 2020	Pop'n Estimate mid 2023	Admin centre	No. of villages	Post codes
34.71.08	Mantrijeron ꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦿꦶꦗꦼꦫꦺꦴꦤ꧀	2.67	31,267	33,340	33,664	Suryodiningratan	3	55141 - 55143
34.71.09	Kraton ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀	1.38	17,471	17,943	18,024	Kadipaten	3	55131 - 55133
34.71.12	Mergangsan ꦩꦼꦂꦒꦁꦱꦤ꧀	2.30	29,292	28,739	28,869	Brontokusuman	3	55151 - 55153
34.71.13	Umbulharjo ꦈꦩ꧀ꦧꦸꦭ꧀ꦲꦂꦗ	8.33	76,743	68,170	68,479	Warungboto	7	55161 - 55167
34.71.14	Kotagede ꦏꦸꦛꦒꦼꦝꦺ	2.99	31,152	33,280	33,557	Prenggan	3	55171 - 55173
34.71.03	Gondokusuman ꦒꦤ꧀ꦢꦏꦸꦱꦸꦩꦤ꧀	3.99	45,293	36,921	37,088	Demangan	5	55221 - 51225
34.71.04	Danurejan ꦢꦤꦸꦸꦉꦗꦤ꧀	1.11	18,342	18,670	18,851	Bausasran	3	55211 - 55213
34.71.11	Pakualaman ꦥꦏꦸꦮꦭꦩ꧀ꦩꦤ꧀	0.65	9,316	9,148	9,189	Gunungketur	2	55111 - 55112
34.71.10	Gondomanan ꦒꦤ꧀ꦢꦩꦤꦤ꧀	1.14	13,029	12,793	12,851	Prawirodirjanpectr	2	55121 - 55122
34.71.06	Ngampilan ꦔꦩ꧀ꦥꦶꦭ꧀ꦭꦤ꧀	0.84	16,320	15,358	15,428	Notoprajan	2	55261 - 55262
34.71.07	Wirobrajan ꦮꦶꦫꦧꦿꦗꦤ꧀	1.77	24,840	24,739	24,851	Patangpuluhan	3	55251 - 55253
34.71.05	Gedongtengen ꦒꦼꦝꦺꦴꦁꦠꦼꦔꦼꦤ꧀	0.99	17,185	16,484	16,559	Pringgokusuman	2	55271 - 55272
34.71.02	Jetis ꦗꦼꦛꦶꦱ꧀	1.72	23,454	23,385	23,491	Bumijo	3	55231 - 55233
34.71.01	Tegalrejo ꦠꦼꦒꦭ꧀ꦉꦗ	2.96	34,923	34,619	34,798	Tagalrejo	4	55241 - 55244
	Totals	32.82	388,627	373,589	375,699		45

 الاقتصاد

In 2017, the Gross Domestic Regional Product (GRDP) of Yogyakarta at current prices was 31.31 trillion rupiahs (around US$2.2 billion). The tertiary sector contributed an important share (around 78% of GDP). the tertiary sector included wholesale and retail trade; repair of cars and motorcycles, transportation and warehousing; provision of accommodation and eating and drinking; information and communication; financial services and insurance; real estate; corporate services; government administration, defence and compulsory social security; educational services; health services and social activities as well as other services. In 2017, economic growth of Yogyakarta reached 5.24 percent slightly faster compared to 2016, which the growth reached 5.11 percent.

A plan for the 2nd phase of Indonesian high speed train is currently being developed from Bandung to Yogyakarta and Surabaya. This proposal would connect to other high-speed rail in Indonesia. The plan is still under development as of 2025.

 السكان

 الدين

Religion in Yogyakarta

  Islam (92.29%)

  Catholicism (4.38%)

  Protestantism (2.4%)

  Buddhism (0.08%)

  Hinduism (0.09%)

  Confucianism (0.01%)

Islam is the majority religion in Yogyakarta, adhered to by 92.29% of the population, with a number of Christians at 6.781% (Catholics 4.38% and Protestants 2.4%). A small percentage of the population follows Buddhism (0.08%), Hinduism (0.09%), and Confucianism (0.01%).

Since its founding, Yogyakarta has been a multicultural city inhabited by various ethnicities and religions. Several places of worship have existed for a long time, such as Kauman Great Mosque, Syuhada Mosque, Kotagede Mosque, HKBP Church, Kotabaru Catholic Church, Tjen Ling Kiong Temple, and Fuk Ling Miau Temple.

Yogyakarta is also the birthplace of one of Indonesia's largest Islamic organizations, Muhammadiyah, founded by K.H. Ahmad Dahlan in 1912 in Kauman, Ngupasan, Gondomanan, Yogyakarta. To this day, the Central Board of Muhammadiyah is still headquartered in Yogyakarta.

In 2018, the governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Hamengkubuwono X, called for religious freedoms to be preserved after a terrorist attack against churches and public buildings in Surabaya the same year.

• 
  Kauman Great Mosque
• 
  Syuhada Mosque
• 
  Kotagede Mosque
• 
  HKBP Church
• 
  St. Anthony Catholic Church (Kotabaru Church)
• 
  Tjen Ling Kiong Temple
• 
  Fu Ling Miau Temple

 السياحة

Malioboro street, the main street of Yogyakarta, lined with batik and handicrafts stores on both sides.

Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat

Because of its proximity to world famous Borobudur and Prambanan temples, also because having unique Javanese court Kraton culture of Kraton Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta has become the second most important tourist destination in Indonesia after Bali. Most tourists come to Yogyakarta as an accommodation base on visiting Borobudur and Prambanan and also for its strong Javanese culture and tradition. This makes it prominent among other Javanese cities, along with Surakarta or Solo, a city lying about 64 km to the east, Yogyakarta is the centre of Javanese culture.

Malioboro street is a popular shopping and culinary area within the city, which has pedestrian zone. Yogyakarta Kraton is the palace and seat of the reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta also located in the city.

 الثقافة

The Gondolayu bridge in the afternoon

المقصورة الرئيسية في قصر سلطنة يوگياكرتا

تامان ساري قلعة الماء

يوجياكارتا مازالت سلطنة و سلطانها (حاليا سري سلطان هامنكوبوونو العاشر ذو الشعبية الجارفة) هو حاكم الدائرة الفعلي مدى الحياة.

 الفنون

يوجد في يوگ‌ياكرتا فِرَق ماهرة في:

The Wayang Kulit performance by an Indonesian famous "dalang" (puppet master) Ki Manteb Sudharsono .

• أشغال الفضة،
• Traditional leather puppetry used for shadow plays (wayang kulit),
• Contemporary puppetry and theatre, for example Papermoon Puppet Theatre

Kawung Motif in batik from Yogyakarta.

• Making batik dyed fabric.
• Gamelan music, including the unique style Gamelan Yogyakarta, which developed in the courts.
• Visual artists including Taring Padi community in Bantul, that produces art prints using a technique called

 السكان واللغة

Most population is Javanese, but being a student city, there are also significant population of people from other ethnicities in Indonesia. This status makes Yogyakarta as one of the most heterogeneous cities in terms of ethnicity in Indonesia. ^{[بحاجة لمصدر]}

 التعليم

Main office of Gadjah Mada University.

Yogyakarta is well known as home of Gadjah Mada University, one of Indonesia's most prominent state universities. The others public university in Yogyakarta are Yogyakarta State University, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, Indonesia Arts Institute. This city also houses several well-known private universities such as Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Islamic University of Indonesia, Atma Jaya University and Sanata Dharma University.

 المتاحف

A picture of Monumen Yogya Kembali (also known as Monjali), which is a museum located in Sleman Regency.

 النقل

 المطار

Adisucipto International Airport. Seen from runway.

 السكك الحديدية

Tugu railway station.

 الحافلات

Trans Jogja Bus. A bus rapid transit system in Yogyakarta City.

 المدن الشقيقة

المقالة الرئيسية: List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia

• Gangbuk-gu, South Korea
• Baalbek, Lebanon
• Huế, Vietnam
• Hefei, China
• Kyoto, Japan
• Paramaribo, Suriname
• Bonn, ألمانيا

 الهامش

12. gudeg.net 13. Lintas Berita Yogyakarta

 وصلات خارجية

• Yogyakarta travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Official website

قالب:Special Region of Yogyakarta