ريجاينا، سسكاتشوان
Regina ( /ɹᵻˈdʒaɪnə/) is the capital city of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The city is the second-largest in the province, after Saskatoon and is a commercial centre for southern Saskatchewan. As of the 2016 census, Regina had a city population of 215,106, and a Metropolitan Area population of 236,481.[4] Statistics Canada has estimated the CMA's population to be 261,684 as of 2019.[5] It is governed by Regina City Council. The city is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Sherwood No. 159.
Regina | |
|---|---|
| City of Regina | |
 From top to bottom; left to right: Downtown, Victoria Park, Saskatchewan Legislative Building, Prince Edward Building, Dr. John Archer Library and the Royal Saskatchewan Museum | |
 Flag  Coat of arms  | |
| الكنية: | |
| الشعار: Floreat Regina ("May Regina Flourish")[2] | |
  Regina Location within Saskatchewan  Regina Location within Canada | |
| الإحداثيات: 50°27′17″N 104°36′24″W / 50.45472°N 104.60667°W | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Indigenous territories | Treaty 4 Territories |
| Established | 1882 |
| السمِيْ | Latin for "queen", named for Queen Victoria |
| الحكومة | |
| • City Mayor | Michael Fougere |
| • Governing body | Regina City Council |
| • MPs | List of MPs
|
| • MLAs | List of MLAs
|
| المساحة | |
| • Provincial capital city | 179٫97 كم² (69٫5 ميل²) |
| • العمران | 4٬324٫39 كم² (1٬669٫66 ميل²) |
| المنسوب | 577 m (1٬893 ft) |
| التعداد (2016) | |
| • Provincial capital city | 215٬106 (Ranked 24th) |
| • الكثافة | 1٬195٫2/km2 (3٬109٫3/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 214٬631[3] |
| • العمرانية | 236٬481 (Ranked 18th) |
| • الكثافة العمرانية | 54٫7/km2 (142٫3/sq mi) |
| صفة المواطن | Reginan |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC−06:00 (CST) |
| Forward sortation area | |
| مفتاح الهاتف | 306 and 639 |
| NTS Map | 072I07 |
| GNBC Code | HAIMP |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | http://www.regina.ca/ |
Regina was previously the seat of government of the North-West Territories, of which the current provinces of Saskatchewan and Alberta originally formed part, and of the District of Assiniboia. The site was previously called Wascana ("Buffalo Bones" in Cree), but was renamed to Regina (Latin for "Queen") in 1882 in honour of Queen Victoria. This decision was made by Queen Victoria's daughter Princess Louise, who was the wife of the Governor General of Canada, the Marquess of Lorne.[6]
Unlike other planned cities in the Canadian West, on its treeless flat plain Regina has few topographical features other than the small spring run-off, Wascana Creek. Early planners took advantage of such opportunity by damming the creek to create a decorative lake to the south of the central business district with a dam a block and a half west of the later elaborate 260-metre (850 ft) long Albert Street Bridge[7] across the new lake. Regina's importance was further secured when the new province of Saskatchewan designated the city its capital in 1906.[8] Wascana Centre, created around the focal point of Wascana Lake, remains one of Regina's attractions and contains the Provincial Legislative Building, both campuses of the University of Regina, First Nations University of Canada, the Royal Saskatchewan Museum, the Regina Conservatory (in the original Regina College buildings), the Saskatchewan Science Centre,[9] the MacKenzie Art Gallery and the Saskatchewan Centre of the Arts.
Residential neighbourhoods include precincts beyond the historic city centre are historically or socially noteworthy neighbourhoods – namely Lakeview and The Crescents, both of which lie directly south of downtown. Immediately to the north of the central business district is the old warehouse district, increasingly the focus of shopping, nightclubs and residential development;[10] as in other western cities of North America, the periphery contains shopping malls and big box stores.
In 1912, the Regina Cyclone destroyed much of the town;[11] in the 1930s, the Regina Riot brought further attention and, in the midst of the 1930s drought and Great Depression, which hit the Canadian Prairies particularly hard with their economic focus on dry land grain farming.[12] The CCF (now the NDP, a major left-wing political party in Canada), formulated its foundation Regina Manifesto of 1933 in Regina.[13] In recent years, Saskatchewan's agricultural and mineral resources have come into new demand, and it has entered a new period of strong economic growth.[14]
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التاريخ
الجغرافيا
الطقس
| بيانات مناخ مطار ريجاينا الدولي، المعتادة 1981–2010 ، القصوى 1883–الحاضر | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| الشهر | يناير | فبراير | مارس | أبريل | مايو | يونيو | يوليو | أغسطس | سبتمبر | اكتوبر | نوفمبر | ديسمبر | العام |
| العظمى القياسية °س (°ف) | 10.4 (50.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
32.8 (91) |
37.2 (99) |
40.6 (105.1) |
43.9 (111) |
41.3 (106.3) |
37.2 (99) |
32.0 (89.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
15.0 (59) |
43٫3 (109٫9) |
| العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -9.3 (15.3) |
-6.4 (20.5) |
0.4 (32.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
18.5 (65.3) |
22.8 (73) |
25.8 (78.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
19.1 (66.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
0.1 (32.2) |
-7.1 (19.2) |
9٫3 (48٫7) |
| المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) | -14.7 (5.5) |
-11.7 (10.9) |
-4.8 (23.4) |
4.8 (40.6) |
11.3 (52.3) |
16.2 (61.2) |
18.9 (66) |
18.1 (64.6) |
11.8 (53.2) |
4.3 (39.7) |
-5.2 (22.6) |
-12.4 (9.7) |
3٫1 (37٫6) |
| الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) | -20.1 (-4.2) |
-17.0 (1.4) |
-9.9 (14.2) |
-2.0 (28.4) |
4.1 (39.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
11.9 (53.4) |
10.7 (51.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
-2.4 (27.7) |
-10.5 (13.1) |
-17.7 (0.1) |
−3٫2 (26٫2) |
| الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) | -50.0 (-58) |
-47.8 (-54) |
-40.6 (-41.1) |
-28.9 (-20) |
-13.3 (8.1) |
-5.6 (21.9) |
-2.2 (28) |
-5.0 (23) |
-16.1 (3) |
-26.1 (-15) |
-37.2 (-35) |
-48.3 (-54.9) |
−50٫0 (−58) |
| هطول mm (inches) | 15.3 (0.602) |
9.4 (0.37) |
19.7 (0.776) |
24.1 (0.949) |
51.4 (2.024) |
70.9 (2.791) |
66.9 (2.634) |
44.8 (1.764) |
32.8 (1.291) |
24.5 (0.965) |
14.2 (0.559) |
15.7 (0.618) |
389٫7 (15٫343) |
| سقوط الأمطار mm (inches) | 0.6 (0.024) |
0.8 (0.031) |
5.1 (0.201) |
18.1 (0.713) |
47.6 (1.874) |
70.9 (2.791) |
66.9 (2.634) |
44.8 (1.764) |
32.1 (1.264) |
18.3 (0.72) |
3.1 (0.122) |
0.5 (0.02) |
308٫9 (12٫161) |
| سقوط الثلج cm (inches) | 19.4 (7.64) |
11.4 (4.49) |
18.8 (7.4) |
6.9 (2.72) |
3.6 (1.42) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.7 (0.28) |
6.9 (2.72) |
13.0 (5.12) |
19.5 (7.68) |
100٫2 (39٫45) |
| % Humidity | 76.1 | 76.4 | 69.5 | 44.5 | 42.9 | 48.3 | 48.8 | 45.4 | 45.5 | 52.4 | 68.2 | 75.7 | 57٫8 |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 10.9 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 10.9 | 117٫9 |
| Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 0.85 | 0.77 | 2.5 | 6.3 | 10.5 | 13.5 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 6.1 | 1.7 | 1.0 | 72٫3 |
| Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 11.7 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 3.3 | 0.96 | 0.04 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.52 | 2.7 | 8.2 | 11.7 | 56٫2 |
| Sunshine hours | 96.1 | 133.5 | 154.5 | 236.6 | 262.4 | 277.7 | 325.4 | 287.4 | 198.1 | 163.3 | 97.9 | 85.4 | 2٬318٫2 |
| Source: Environment Canada[15][16][17] and Weather Atlas[18] | |||||||||||||
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Cityscape
الديمغرافيا
| التعداد التاريخي | ||
|---|---|---|
| السنة | تعداد | ±% |
| 1901 | 2٬249 | — |
| 1911 | 30٬213 | +1243.4% |
| 1921 | 34٬432 | +14.0% |
| 1931 | 53٬209 | +54.5% |
| 1941 | 57٬389 | +7.9% |
| 1951 | 71٬319 | +24.3% |
| 1961 | 112٬141 | +57.2% |
| 1971 | 139٬469 | +24.4% |
| 1981 | 162٬613 | +16.6% |
| 1991 | 179٬178 | +10.2% |
| 1996 | 180٬404 | +0.7% |
| 2001 | 178٬225 | −1.2% |
| 2006 | 179٬246 | +0.6% |
| 2011 | 193٬100 | +7.7% |
| 2016 | 215٬106 | +11.4% |
| Canada 2016 Census[19] | Population | % of total population (2016) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Visible minority group |
South Asian | 12,330 | 5.7% |
| Chinese | 5,545 | 2.6% | |
| Black | 6,330 | 2.9% | |
| Filipino | 8,405 | 3.9% | |
| Latin American | 1,180 | 0.5% | |
| عرب | 1,535 | 0.7% | |
| جنوب شرق آسيا | 2,655 | 1.2% | |
| غرب آسيا | 740 | 0.3% | |
| Korean | 600 | 0.3% | |
| Japanese | 285 | 0.1% | |
| Other visible minority | 350 | 0.2% | |
| Mixed visible minority | 790 | 0.4% | |
| Total visible minority population | 40,745 | 18.9% | |
| Aboriginal group | First Nations | 14,380 | 6.8% |
| Métis | 8,005 | 3.8% | |
| Inuit | 100 | 0% | |
| Total Aboriginal population | 21,350 | 10.1% | |
| European | 147,345 | 69.6% | |
| Total | 215,106 | 100% | |
Religion
The 2006 Census reported
- Protestant, including United, Anglican, Lutheran, Baptist, continuing or non-concurring Presbyterian and several others, being professed by 41.5% of the total population;
- Roman Catholic, 32.3%;
- Eastern Orthodox, 1.8%;
- other Christian denominations (including Oriental Orthodox,[20] Jehovah's Witness, Mormonism) and other religions (including Sikhism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism) together are practiced by 2.9% of the popualtion;
- no specific religious affiliation professed, 19%.
Friendship and sister city relations
The City of Regina maintains trade development programs, cultural, and educational partnerships in a twinning agreement with Bucharest, Romania[21] and Jinan, Shandong, China,[22] and a friendship agreement with Fujioka, Gunma, Japan.[23][24][25]
| City | Country | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Bucharest | Romania | N/A |
| Jinan | China | 1987 |
| Fujioka | Japan | 2019 |
Notable people
See also
Notes
- ^ "Canadian Geographic Kids!". cgkids.ca. Archived from the original on 7 ديسمبر 2006.
- ^ "City of Regina". The Governor General of Canada. Retrieved 15 أغسطس 2020.
- ^ Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and population centres, 2016 and 2011 censuses: Saskatchewan Archived 11 فبراير 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Statistics Canada. Retrieved 8 February 2017
- ^ "Population of census metropolitan areas". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 16 ديسمبر 2016. Retrieved 9 أغسطس 2015.
- ^ https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200213/t001a-eng.htm
- ^ Daria Coneghan, "Regina," The Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 29 أبريل 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Herrington, Ross (31 مارس 2007). "Saskatchewan Road and Railway Bridges to 1950: Inventory". Ministry of Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport. Archived from the original on 16 يوليو 2011. Retrieved 4 فبراير 2009.
- ^ Coneghan Archived 29 أبريل 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "Saskatchewan Science Centre website". Sasksciencecentre.com. Archived from the original on 28 مارس 2014. Retrieved 14 أبريل 2014.
- ^ Regina's Old Warehouse District. Archived 17 يوليو 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Dagmar Skamlová, "Regina Cyclone," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 26 أغسطس 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ Steven J. Shirtliffe, "Agronomy," Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Archived 7 أكتوبر 2017 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "The Regina Manifesto (1933) Archived 10 ديسمبر 2007 at the Wayback Machine Co-operative Commonwealth Federation Programme, Adopted by the founding convention in Regina, Saskatchewan, July 1933." Socialist History Project. South Branch Publishing. Retrieved 11 December 2007.
- ^ "Saskatchewan Poised for Strong Economic Growth Says RBC Economics," Royal Bank of Canada Financial Group, March 30, 2007.. Retrieved 11 December 2007. Archived 18 ديسمبر 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Regina INT'L A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Archived from the original on 12 مايو 2014. Retrieved 12 مايو 2014.
- ^ "Regina INT'L A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Retrieved 16 سبتمبر 2013.
- ^ "Regina RCS". Canadian Climate Data. Archived from the original on 12 أغسطس 2018. Retrieved 12 أغسطس 2018.
- ^ d.o.o, Yu Media Group. "Regina, Canada – Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast". Weather Atlas (in الإنجليزية). Archived from the original on 6 يوليو 2019. Retrieved 6 يوليو 2019.
- ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Regina, City [Census subdivision]". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 6 يناير 2019.
- ^ An Ethiopian restaurant on Broad Street attests to the Oriental Orthodox presence in Regina; Syrian and Armenian business people and Indian business people from Kerala, who are Syrian Orthodox, and medical doctors would account for other Oriental Orthodox Christians in Regina.
- ^ "Cu cine este înfrățit Bucureștiul?". Adevărul (in Romanian). 21 فبراير 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada. "Canada China Twinning Relationships". www.canadainternational.gc.ca. Archived from the original on 20 مارس 2018. Retrieved 14 يوليو 2019.
- ^ "CR19-58 City of Regina – City of Fujioka, Japan – Friendship City Agreement – City of Regina, Saskatchewan CA". reginask.iqm2.com. Retrieved 14 يوليو 2019.
- ^ Canales, Moises. "Regina signs official friendship agreement with Fujioka, Japan". 620 CKRM The Source | Country Music, News, Sports in Sask (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 5 أغسطس 2019.
- ^ "Regina signs Friendship Agreement with Fujioka, Japan". Regina (in الإنجليزية). 3 أغسطس 2019. Archived from the original on 5 أغسطس 2019. Retrieved 5 أغسطس 2019.
References
- "Germantown" 11th Avenue East. Regina’s Heritage Tours, City of Regina, 1994.
- Argan, William. Cornerstones 2: An Artist’s History of the City of Regina. Regina: Centax Books, 2000.
- Argan, William. Cornerstones: An Artist’s History of the City of Regina. Regina: Centax Books, 1995.
- Barnhart, Gordon. Building for the Future: A Photo Journal of Saskatchewan's Legislative Building. Canadian Plains Research Center, 2002. ISBN 0-88977-145-6
- Brennan, J. William. Regina, an illustrated history. Toronto: James Lorimer & Co., 1989.
- Brennan, William J., ed. Regina Before Yesterday: A Visual History 1882 to 1945. City of Regina, 1978.
- Castles of the North: Canada’s Grand Hotels. Toronto: Lynx Images Inc., 2001.
- Chapel Royal Canadian Mounted Police "Training Academy", Regina, Saskatchewan (brochure), 1990.
- Drake, Earl G. Regina, the Queen City. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1955.
- Hughes, Bob The Big Dig: the Miracle of Wascana Centre. Regina: Centax Books, 2004.
- Neal, May Regina, Queen City of the Plains: 50 Years of Progress. Regina: Western * Printers. 1953.
- Regina Court House Official Opening (brochure), 1961.
- Regina Leader-Post
- Riddell, W. A. The Origin and Development of Wascana Centre. Regina, 1962.
- The Morning Leader
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وصلات خارجية
Coordinates: 50°27′17″N 104°36′24″W / 50.45472°N 104.60667°W