قائمة مشغلي بوينگ بي-17 فلاينگ فورترس

هذه القائمة المتعلقة بالنقل هي غير كاملة؛ بإمكانك المساعدة بتوسعتها.

المشغلون العسكريون للقاذفة B-17

المشغلون المدنيون للطائرة B-17

المقالة الرئيسية: بوينگ بي-17 فلاينگ فورترس

قائمة مشغلي بوينگ بي-17 فلاينگ فورترس هي قائمة المستخدمين الذين طيّروا وشغـّلوا الطائرة بيونگ بي-17.

الطائرة B-17 كانت من أوائل القاذفات الثقيلة ذات المحركات الأربع التي تم انتاجها بغزارة. فبإجمالي انتاج يفوق 12,000، تأتي في المرتبة الثانية بعد القاذفة بي-24 ليبريتور. وعلى الرغم من أنها في وقت ما كانت تستخدم في جميع مسارح القتال في الحرب العالمية الثانية، إلا أنها كانت أكثر شيوعاً في مسرح العمليات الأوروبي، حيث لم يكن قصر مداها ولا الصِغر النسبي لحمولتها من القنابل، بالمقارنة بالقاذفات الثقيلة الأخرى، بالأمر الحاسم كما كان الأمر في مسرح عمليات الهادي، حيث كانت معظم القواعد الجوية الأمريكية تبعد عن بعضها البعض بآلالف الأميال.

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 المشغلون العسكريون

 إسرائيل

قاذفات B-17 إسرائيلية في الجو، عام 1953

When Israel achieved statehood in 1948, the Israeli Air Force had to be assembled quickly to defend the new nation from the war it found itself almost immediately embroiled in. Among the first aircraft acquired by the Israeli Air Force were three surplus American B-17s, smuggled via أمريكا الجنوبية وتشيكوسلوڤاكيا to avoid an arms trading ban imposed by the United States. A fourth plane was abandoned due to malfunctions and confiscated by American officials. On their delivery flight from Europe, in retaliation for Egyptian bombing raids on Tel-Aviv, the aircraft were ordered to bomb King Farouk's Royal Palace in Cairo before continuing to Israel. They performed the mission (despite some of the crew fainting due to defective oxygen equipment), but caused little damage. The B-17s were generally unsuitable for the needs of the Israeli Air Force, and the nature of the conflict in which long-range bombing raids on large area targets were relatively unimportant—although the psychological impact of the raids was not lost on the enemy. The aircraft were mainly used in the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, flown by 69 Squadron; they were withdrawn in 1958 after seeing minor action in the 1956 Suez Crisis.

Israeli Air Force

• 69 Squadron IAF

  كولومبيا

• Colombian Air Force

  فرنسا

French Air Force used one B-17F as an executive transport for Free-French General Marie Pierre Kœnig.

 ألمانيا

Captured B-17F-27-BO in Luftwaffe markings.

During World War II, after crash-landing or being forced down, approximately 40 B-17s were repaired and put back into the air by the Luftwaffe. These captured aircraft were codenamed "Dornier Do 200", given German markings and used for clandestine spy and reconnaissance missions by the Luftwaffe - most often used by the Luftwaffe unit known as KG 200, hence a likely possibility as a source for the "Do 200" codename.

Luftwaffe

• Kampfgeschwader 200

 اليابان

Captured Boeing B-17E Fortress

At least three early versions B-17s (2 B-17Ds and early B-17E) were captured by the Japanese in الفلپين and Netherlands East Indies. Planes were tested by the IJAAF Koku Gijutsu Kenkyujo (Air Technical Research Laboratory) at Tachikawa.

  نيكاراگوا

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  البرتغال

Força Aérea Portuguesa (Portuguese Air Force) operated five SB-17Gs as search-and-rescue planes from 1947 to 1960.

 تايوان

Beginning in 1952, Republic of China (under the guise of the CIA's Civil Air Transport (CAT) and Technical Research Group (TRG) organizations, operated a number of "enhanced" B-17s (with as many as 14 crewmembers at a time) on surveillance and related flights of mainland China. These were crewed by Chinese crews, largely and wore Nationalist Chinese markings. At least one B-17 was shot down by a MiG-15 over mainland China.

  المملكة المتحدة

Fortress Mark IIA, FK186 ‘S’, of No. 220 Squadron RAF

 الولايات المتحدة

See B-17 Flying Fortress units of the United States Army Air Forces

United States Army Air Corps / United States Army Air Forces

USAAC / USAAF was main operator of all versions of the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress. Most units operating B-17 were based in the European Theatre of World War II but aircraft was used at some point in all theatres of World War II.

 المشغلون المدنيون

  بوليفيا

Servicios Aéreos Bolivianos Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress 1972.

Used 25 B-17s in civil aviation under different operators.

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  الدنمارك

Danish airline DDL bought two B-17s from Sweden in 1945. One of these planes was transferred to the Danish Army Air Corps in 1948.

  فرنسا

14 B-17 were used between 1946 and 1975 by the French IGN (Institut Géographique National) for aerial photography. One of them is still flying today after restoration as Pink Lady in 2010. It is now on static display à La Ferté-Alais.

 إيران

One of Trans World Airlines B-17G was given to the Shah of Iran in 1947.

  المكسيك

The Mexican government revived several B-17Gs from the United States for internal policing and anti-mafia operations.

  السويد

SAS Boeing B-17.

In an exchange with about 300 interned American crew members, nine intact B-17 were given away for free to the Swedish airline SILA (Svensk Interkontinental Lufttrafik AB) to be operated by ABA (which later became part of Scandinavian Airlines System). Seven of these, three B-17F and four B-17G, were converted into 14-seat airliners by Saab Aircraft. By 1946 all were retired and replaced by the DC-4. Today, one of them is on static display at National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio, restored back to combat figuration.

  المملكة المتحدة

Two B-17s have been civil registered in the United Kingdom

• G-BEDF Sally B is a B-17G, a former French IGN survey aircraft that operates as a display and memorial aircraft since 1974, originally registered in the United States it became a British civil aircraft in 1984, aircraft is operational with B-17 Preservation Limited from the Imperial War Museum airfield at Duxford as Sally B.
• G-FORT was a B-17G, a former French IGN survey aircraft that was based in the United Kingdom from 1984 to 1987 with two private owners, it was sold in the United States and now flies with the Lone Star Flight Museum as Thunderbird.

 الولايات المتحدة

Trans World Airlines Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress.

• Following the war, Trans World Airlines purchased a surplus B-17G and used it to survey and set up routes in the Middle-East. In 1947, it was given to the Shah of Iran.
• Aero Union - began operation of the B-17 as a fire fighting aircraft in 1961.

 انظر أيضاً

• B-17 Flying Fortress survivors

 المراجع

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• Birdsall, Steve. The B-17 Flying Fortress. Dallas, Texas: Morgan Aviation Books, 1965.
• Bowers, Peter M. Boeing Aircraft Since 1916. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1989. ISBN 0-370-00016-1.
• Bowers, Peter M. Fortress In The Sky, Granada Hills, California: Sentry Books, 1976. ISBN 0-913194-04-2.
• Bowman, Martin W. Castles in the Air: The Story of the B-17 Flying Fortress Crews of the U.S. 8th Air Force. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2000. ISBN 1-57488-320-8.
• Caidin, Martin. Black Thursday. New York: E.P. Dutton & Company, 1960. ISBN 0-553-26729-9.
• Caldwell, Donald and Richard Muller. The Luftwaffe over Germany: Defense of the Reich. London: Greenhill Books Publications, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85367-712-0.
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• Freeman, Roger A. B-17 Fortress at War. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1977. ISBN 0-684-14872-2.
• Frisbee, John L. "Valor: Courage and Conviction." Air Force Magazine Volume 73, Issue 10, October 1990.
• Hess, William N. B-17 Flying Fortress: Combat and Development History of the Flying Fortress. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbook International, 1994. ISBN 0-87938-881-1.
• Hess, William N. B-17 Flying Fortress Units of the MTO. Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing Limited, 2003. ISBN 1-84176-580-5.
• Hess, William N. Big Bombers of WWII. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Lowe & B. Hould, 1998. ISBN 0-681-07570-8.
• Hess, William N. and Jim Winchester. ""Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress:Queen of the Skies". Wings Of Fame. Volume 6. London:Aerospace Publishing, 1997. ISBN 1-874023-93-X. ISSN 1361-2034. pp. 38–103.
• Hoffman, Wally and Rouyer, Philipppe. "La guerre à 30 000 pieds" . Louviers : Ysec Editions, 2008. ISBN 978-2-84673-109-6. [Available only in French]
• Jablonski, Edward. Flying Fortress. New York: Doubleday, 1965. ISBN 0-385-03855-0.
• Johnsen, Frederick A. Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress. Stillwater, Minnesota: Voyageur Press, 2001. ISBN 1-58007-052-3.
• Johnsen, Frederick A. "The Making of an Iconic Bomber." Air Force Magazine, Volume 89, Issue 10, 2006. Retrieved: 15 January 2007.
• Lloyd, Alwyn T. B-17 Flying Fortress in Detail and Scale vol.11: Derivatives, part 2. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, 1983. ISBN 0-8168-5021-6.
• Lloyd, Alwyn T. B-17 Flying Fortress in Detail and Scale vol.20: More derivatives, part 3. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab Books, 1986. ISBN 0-8168-5029-1.
• Lloyd, Alwyn T. and Terry D. Moore. B-17 Flying Fortress in Detail and Scale vol.1: Production Versions, part 1. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, 1981. ISBN 0-8168-5012-7.
• O'Leary, Michael. Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress (Osprey Production Line to Frontline 2). Botley, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 1999. ISBN 1-85532-814-3.
• Salecker, Gene Eric. Fortress Against The Sun – The B-17 Flying Fortress in the Pacific. Conshohocken, Pennsylvania: Combined Publishing, 2001. ISBN 1-58097-049-4.
• Thompson, Scott A. Final Cut: The Post War B-17 Flying Fortress, The Survivors: Revised and Updated Edition. Highland County, Ohio: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 2000. ISBN 1-57510-077-0.
• Willmott, H.P. B-17 Flying Fortress. London: Bison Books, 1980. ISBN 0-85368-444-8.
• Yenne, Bill. B-17 at War. St Paul, Minnesota: Zenith Imprint, 2006. ISBN 0-7603-2522-7.

 وصلات خارجية

• Encyclopedia of American aircraft
• WWII European Theater of Operations (ETO) Bomb Groups