المعرفة

قائمة الحركات المطالبة بالاستقلال الذاتي أو الانفصال في آسيا

This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Asia. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

  1. They are active movements with current, active members.
  2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
  3. They are the citizen/peoples of the conflict area and not comes from other country.

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

أذربيجان

للمزيد من المعلومات: List of active separatist movements in Europe

دولة منشقة:

  آرتساخ


بنگلادش

للمزيد من المعلومات: Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict

  Chittagong Hill Tracts

  Bangabhumi (বঙ্গভূমি)

  • الجماعة العرقية: Bengali Hindus
    • المنطقة: South-western Bangladesh
    • المنظمة: Banga Sena
    • الزعيم: Kalidas Baidya
    • Armed wing: Bir Banga (বীর বঙ্গ)

بورما/ميانمار

  Arakan

  • الجماعة العرقية: Rakhine
    • الدولة المقترحة: [[Rakhine State|Arakan Federation][Freedom from Burma (Myanmar)]  
    • Advocacy group: Arakan Independence Alliance[Arakan Army]

  Zo Asia

  Kachin

  Kawthoolei

  Karenni

Kokang

  Mon State

  Northern Arakan (Rohang State)[بحاجة لمصدر][محل شك]

  Shan States

  دولة وا

  Zale'n-gam

  Zogam

قبرص

دولة ذاتية الإعلان:

  قبرص الشمالية

الصين

للمزيد من المعلومات: Autonomous administrative divisions of China; Special administrative regions of China; One country, Two systems; One-China policy; and 1992 consensus

The   People's Republic of China (China, PRC) considers itself the sole legitimate state representing China. The PRC's territory consists of Mainland China, Hong Kong, and Macau. The PRC also claims the ROC-controlled area to be its territory. The PRC established the Special Administrative Region in Hong Kong and Macau under one country, two systems policy.

The   Republic of China (Taiwan, ROC) also identifies itself as the sole legitimate state representing China. The ROC's territory consists of the island of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and nearby islands. The ROC also constitutionally claims the PRC-controlled area to be its territory.

المقالة الرئيسية: Taiwan independence movement

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

المقالة الرئيسية: Inner Mongolian independence movement

التبت

المقالة الرئيسية: Tibetan independence movement

Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region

  هونگ كونگ[7][8]

المقالة الرئيسية: Localism in Hong Kong, Hong Kong independence movement, and Hong Kong autonomy movement


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

جورجيا

دول منشقة:

 

Abkhazia

  اوستيا الجنوبية

حركات استقلال ذاتي مقترحة:

  Armenians in Samtskhe-Javakheti

الهند

المقالة الرئيسية: Separatist movements of India
للمزيد من المعلومات: South Asian ethnic groups, List of languages by number of native speakers in India, and Insurgency in Northeast India

Kashmir

المقالة الرئيسية: Kashmiri separatist movement

Khalistan


Nagaland

Tripura

Manipur

أسام

بودولاند

Kamtapur

إندونيسيا

انظر أيضاً: List of active separatist movements in Oceania § Indonesia

آتشيه

  • الدولة المقترحة:   Republic of Aceh
    • Militant المنظمة: Free Aceh Movement (negotiated peace with the Indonesian government in 2005, and now it is a civil movement, but the separatism still has supporters)

Kalimantan

South Moluccas

Minahasa[17][18]

  • الدولة المقترحة: Gerakan Kemerdekaan Minahasa

West Papua

رياو

  • الدولة المقترحة:   Riau
    • Advocacy group: Gerakan Riau Merdeka[19]

إيران

Azerbaijan (Iran)

Turkmen Sahra

Khūzestān

Iranian Kurdistan

Balochistan


. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

العراق

انظر: الأقليات في العراق

الدول المقترحة:

  كردستان

المقالة الرئيسية: Iraqi Kurdistan independence referendum, 2017

قالب:Country data Assyria

المقالة الرئيسية: Assyrian nationalism and Assyrian struggle for independence

  Turkmeneli

Sinjar[بحاجة لمصدر]

اليابان

  Hokkaido[23][24]

  Okinawa

لاوس

ChaoFa

Member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization

ماليزيا

  Sarawak[25][26]

  • الدولة المقترحة: Sarawak
  • Advocacy group: Borneo Heritage Foundation (BHF), Sarawak Association of People's Aspirations (SAPA), Sarawak Sovereignty Movement, Sabah Sarawak Keluar Malaysia (SSKM), Sarawak Liberation Movement[25][27]

  Sabah[25][26]

نـِپال

Madhesh

پاكستان

المقالة الرئيسية: Separatist movements of Pakistan

  Balochistan[30]

  Sindh[31]

  Gilgit-Baltistan

فلسطين

انظر: الاعتراف الدولي بفلسطين/حالياً تحتل إسرائيل معظمها كجزء من الأراضي الفلسطينية

  State of Judea

الفلپين

Bangsamoro Region

Cordillera Administrative Region

National Capital Region

روسيا

  Siberian regionalism

  • الجماعة العرقية: Siberians ("Sibiryak")

  ياقوتيا

  • الجماعة العرقية: Yakuts
    • الدولة المقترحة:   ياقوتيا
    • الحزب: Sakha-Amuk

  Tuva

  • الجماعة العرقية: Tuvans
  • الدولة المقترحة:   Tuva
    • الأحزاب: People's Party of Sovereign Tuva, People's Front "Free Tuva"

سري لانكا

  نمور التاميل

سوريا

للمزيد من المعلومات: Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian Civil War and Federalization of Syria

  Rojava

دول مقترحة:

  محافظة السويداء

  Aram[بحاجة لمصدر][البحث الأصلي؟]

قالب:Country data Assyria

  Syrian Turkmen

انظر أيضاً: Turkish military intervention in Syria

طاجيكستان

Badakhshan

تايلند

  Patani

تركيا

  Northern Kurdistan[47]

ڤيتنام

  ڤيتنام الجنوبية

أوزبكستان

  Karakalpakstan

اليمن

  اليمن الجنوبي

  حضرموت

انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ "The Transnational Government of Tamil Eelam". tgte-us.org. Archived from the original on 21 September 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ ""Inner Mongolian People's Party" and the basic facts about its key members". Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center. Archived from the original on 25 February 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ "モンゴル自由連盟党". Archived from the original on 26 July 2010. Retrieved 22 November 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)(JP)
  4. ^ "Speech of His Holiness the Dalai Lama to the European Parliament, Strasbourg". The Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama. 14 October 2001. Archived from the original on 25 March 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "INTERNATIONAL TIBET INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT". International Tibet Independence Movement. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ "Al-Qaeda and Islamic State Take Aim at China. Why have both groups turned their attention to Beijing?". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 30 March 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "HK 'Independence' party slammed, could cause trouble in the region". Global Times. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Determined". The Economist. Archived from the original on 9 December 2015. Retrieved 26 November 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "Index". hkfront.org. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "South Ossetia, former part of Georgia, to hold 'special' referendum to join Russia". RT. 20 February 2016. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2016. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ "Russia's Javakhk Diaspora demands autonomous region status for Samtskhe-Javakhk". Times.am. Retrieved 28 February 2010.[dead link]
  12. ^ "US State Department and Javakhk: The WikiLeaks Cables Part I". Asbarez. Archived from the original on 11 October 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ "Perhatian Buruk! Warga Perbatasan Ancam Kibarkan Bendera Malaysia" (in Indonesian). Tribun News. 4 August 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  14. ^ "Duh, WNI di Perbatasan Ancam Gabung ke Malaysia" (in Indonesian). I Today. 1 May 2012. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  15. ^ "Sejumlah Kecamatan Perbatasan Ingin Gabung Malaysia" (in Indonesian). JPNN. 11 May 2011. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  16. ^ "Warga Sebatik Ingin Gabung ke Malaysia, NKRI Diambang Kehancuran?" (in Indonesian). Jawaban News. 12 May 2011. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  17. ^ "Minahasa Nationalism". Indonesia Matters. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  18. ^ "Christian Sulawesi (Minahasa) seeks independence from Muslim Indonesia". Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  19. ^ Basista, Ronny. "Tabrani Rab dan Gerakan Riau Merdeka". —. Archived from the original on 17 February 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  21. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2010. Retrieved 28 July 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) National Libration [ك‍] Movement of Ahwaz
  22. ^ "Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan". Democratic Party of Iranian Kurdistan. Archived from the original on 1 April 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  23. ^ Donahue, Chris. "FULFORD: An Independent Movement Has Started in Japan's Northern Island of Hokkaido >> Four Winds 10 – Truth Winds". fourwinds10.net. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ Legendre, Joel (7 February 2010). "Asian Gazette Blog ✍ Joël Legendre-Koizumi: Ainu claim independence to Prime Minister Hatoyama". Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  25. ^ أ ب ت ث "Group draws up self determination petition for Sarawak and Sabah". Borneo Post. 13 August 2014. Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ أ ب "Many in Sabah, Sarawak don't want to be part of Malaysia, claims analyst". The Rakyat Post. 16 February 2014. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  27. ^ أ ب "Sabahan secession instigator unfazed by impending probe". The Star. 6 September 2014. Archived from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ "Madhesis in Nepal to continue protests till next election, says separatist leader". Catch News. 3 February 2016. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2016. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  29. ^ "Nepal Terrorist Groups – Madheshi Armed Outfits". satp.org. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2017. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  30. ^ "Baloch Voice – Beginner SEO Blog & Tips". balochvoice.com. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 15 May 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ Bansal, Alok. "Violent Sindhi nationalism raises its head again". South Asia Monitor. Archived from the original on 23 November 2015. Retrieved 23 November 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  32. ^ Regelado, Edith (4 November 2014). "MILF organizing political party for 2016 and beyond". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on 1 December 2014. Retrieved 25 January 2015. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ Pike, John. "Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)". FAS Intelligence Resource Program. Archived from the original on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 20 February 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  34. ^ Chido, Diane. "Intel Brief: The Abu Sayyaf model". International Relations and Security Network. International Relations and Security Network. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  35. ^ أ ب "BIFF, Abu Sayyaf pledge allegiance to Islamic State jihadists". GMA News. Agence France-Presse. 16 August 2014. Archived from the original on 28 January 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 29 June 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  37. ^ أ ب Sabillo, Kristine Angeli (20 February 2015). "BIFF only wants Islamic state". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  38. ^ "Cordillera Solons expressed views on regional autonomy". National Economic and Development Authority – Cordillera Administrative Region. 12 August 2013. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 February 2015. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  39. ^ Ponciano, Mark Allen (24 March 2017). "Cordi autonomy bill filed as HB 5343". National Economic and Development Authority – Cordillera Administrative Region. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  40. ^ Dumlao, Artemio (11 February 2014). "Autonomy movement revived in Cordillera". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  41. ^ Dumlao, Artemio (31 January 2013). "Rebels still dream of Cordillera's autonomy". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 3 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  42. ^ Bitog, Rubyloida (21 April 2013). "Elders unite Bodong factions". Sun Star Baguio. Archived from the original on 6 October 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  43. ^ "QC mayor Bautista seeks 'independent Metro Manila state'". Rappler. 17 August 2017. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 31 August 2017. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  44. ^ "STATEMENT ON DECLARATION OF SHAN STATE INDEPENDENCE Boxun News". peacehall.com. Archived from the original on 4 June 2012. Retrieved 20 September 2012. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  45. ^ أ ب "Roots of the Conflict". El Gringo. Archived from the original on 23 October 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  46. ^ "Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO)". GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009. Retrieved 10 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  47. ^ Pike, John (21 May 2004). "Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 28 April 2008. Retrieved 23 July 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  48. ^ "Tường trình về các hoạt động cho VNCH trở lại. (access to Vietnamese)". Nguoi Viet Online (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2018-09-07.
  49. ^ "Uzbekistan: Shadowy Group Agitates For 'Free Karakalpakstan'". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 5 April 2008. Archived from the original on 17 February 2009. Retrieved 11 April 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  50. ^ "Five killed at secessionist protest in south Yemen". London: BBC. 25 November 2009. Retrieved 25 November 2009.
  51. ^ The New Arab. "GCC: Aden-based Southern Transitional Council 'doomed to fail'". alaraby.co.uk. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  52. ^ The New Arab. "Banished Aden governor forms independent 'South Yemen' council". alaraby.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 May 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  53. ^ Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. "Thirty Southern Figures Reject Transitional Council in Aden – ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English". Asharq Al-Awsat. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  54. ^ "Yemen's Beleaguered Al Mahrah Seeks Autonomy". Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 14 July 2015. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  55. ^ "Revolution in Socotra – Middle East Research and Information Project". merip.org. Archived from the original on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  56. ^ "Yemen Times [ Offline ]". yementimes.com. Archived from the original on 12 February 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2015. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |website= (help); Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

قالب:Separatist movements per continent

الكلمات الدالة:
تمّ الاسترجاع من "https://www.marefa.org/w/index.php?title=قائمة_الحركات_المطالبة_بالاستقلال_الذاتي_أو_الانفصال_في_آسيا&oldid=2238391"