المعرفة

مقاطعة مونموث، نيوجرزي

(تم التحويل من Monmouth County, New Jersey)

مقاطعة مونموث (Monmouth County ؛ /ˈmɒnməθ/) هي مقاطعة تقع على ساحل نيوجرزي، في الولايات المتحدة ضمن New York metropolitan area, and the northernmost county along the Jersey Shore. As of the 2019 Census estimate, the county's population was 618,795, making it the state's fifth-most populous county,[2][3][4] representing a decrease of 0.6% from the 2010 Census, when the population was enumerated at 630,380,[5] in turn an increase of 15,079 from 615,301 at the 2000 Census.[6] As of 2010, the county fell to the fifth-most populous county in the state, having been surpassed by Hudson County.[7][8] Its county seat is Freehold Borough.[1] The most populous place was Middletown Township, with 66,522 residents at the time of the 2010 Census, while Howell Township covered 61.21 square miles (158.5 km2), the largest total area of any municipality.[8]

Monmouth County
مقاطعة
The boardwalk in Asbury Park
The boardwalk in Asbury Park
Map of New Jersey highlighting Monmouth County
Location within the U.S. state of New Jersey
Map of the United States highlighting New Jersey
موقع New Jersey ضمن الولايات المتحدة
الإحداثيات: 40°17′N 74°09′W / 40.29°N 74.15°W / 40.29; -74.15Coordinates: 40°17′N 74°09′W / 40.29°N 74.15°W / 40.29; -74.15
البلد الولايات المتحدة
State نيوجرزي
تأسست1683
السمِيْRhode Island Monmouth Society or Monmouthshire
SeatFreehold Borough[1]
Largest cityMiddletown Township (population)
Howell Township (area)
المساحة
 • الإجمالي665٫32 ميل² (1٬723٫2 كم²)
 • البر468٫79 ميل² (1٬214٫2 كم²)
 • الماء196٫53 ميل² (509�0 كم²)  29.54%
التعداد
 (2010)
 • الإجمالي630٬380
 • Estimate 
(2019)
618٬795
 • الكثافة950/sq mi (370/km2)
Congressional districts4th، 6th
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.co.monmouth.nj.us
Interactive map of Monmouth County, New Jersey

In 2015, the county had a per capita personal income of $69,410, the fifth-highest in New Jersey and ranked 74th of 3,113 counties in the United States.[9][10] Monmouth County ranked 38th among the highest-income counties in the United States as of 2011, placing it among the top 1.2% of counties by wealth.[11] As of 2009, it was ranked 56th in the United States by personal per-capita income.[12]

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History

In 1609, the English navigator, Henry Hudson, and his crew aboard the Dutch vessel Half Moon spotted land in what is now Monmouth County,[13] most likely off Sandy Hook; however, some historical accounts credit this landing to present-day Keansburg. Among the first European settlers and majority landowners in the area were Richard and Penelope Stout. Penelope miraculously survived her wounds from a native attack in Sandy Hook and further lived to the age of 110. Additionally, a group of Quaker families from Long Island settled the Monmouth Tract, an early land grant from Richard Nicolls issued in 1665.[بحاجة لمصدر] They were followed by a group of Scottish settlers who inhabited Freehold Township in about 1682–85, followed several years later by Dutch settlers. As they arrived in this area, they were greeted by Lenape Native Americans, who lived in scattered small family bands and developed a largely amicable relationship with the new arrivals.[14] Enslaved Africans were present in the area from at least 1680, and by 1726 made up 9% of the total population of the county.[15]

Monmouth County was established on March 7, 1683, while part of the province of East Jersey. On October 31, 1693, the county was partitioned into the townships of Freehold, Middletown and Shrewsbury.[16] Its name may come from the Rhode Island Monmouth Society[17] or from a suggestion from Colonel Lewis Morris that the county should be named after Monmouthshire in Wales, Great Britain. Other suggestions include that it was named for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649–1685), who had many allies among the East Jersey leadership.[18] In 1714, the first county government was established.

At the June 28, 1778, Battle of Monmouth, near Freehold Township, General George Washington's soldiers battled the British under Sir Henry Clinton, in the longest land battle of the American Revolutionary War. It was at Monmouth that the tactics and training from Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben developed at Valley Forge during the winter encampment were first implemented on a large scale.[19]

At independence, Monmouth's population included 1,640 slaves, as well as an undetermined number of free African Americans. The number of enslaved persons fell steeply after 1820, though a small number remained until at least 1850. Monmouth's free African American population climbed from 353 in 1790 to 2,658 in 1860.[15] There was a small African-American middle class consisting of freedmen present in Monmouth County by the 1840s and 1850s.[20]

Ocean County was carved out of Monmouth County in 1850.

In 1790 Monmouth County's population was 16,918, of whom roughly 6,600 were of English descent and the remainder were Welsh, Dutch and Swedish, as well as small amounts of African Americans and Northern Irish Protestants.[21] By the year 2010 Monmouth County's population was 628,112 of whom 40,489 were of English descent.[22] Between 1890 and 1907 nearly 18 million European immigrants came to America.[23] At the same time the region underwent massive and not unrelated economic changes, this process led to places like Monmouth County, New Jersey becoming significantly more diverse and somewhat less rural.[24]


الجغرافيا

According to the 2010 census, the county had a total area of 665.32 square miles (1,723.2 km2), including 468.79 square miles (1,214.2 km2) of land (70.5%) and 196.53 square miles (509.0 km2) of water (29.5%).[8][25]

Much of Monmouth County remains flat and low-lying even far inland. However, there are some low hills in and around Holmdel Township, and one of them, Crawford Hill, the former site of a radar facility, is the county's highest point, variously listed at 380 to 391 feet (116 to 119 m) above sea level.[26][27] The top portion of the hill is owned by Alcatel-Lucent and houses a research laboratory of Bell Laboratories.[28] The northeastern portion of the county, in the Locust section of Middletown Township and the boroughs of Highlands and Atlantic Highlands, are also very hilly. The lowest point is sea level.

Along with adjacent Ocean County, Monmouth County is a mecca of boating and fishing. Its waterways include several rivers and bays that flow from the Raritan Bayshore into Raritan Bay and Lower New York Bay and into the Atlantic Ocean. The Manasquan Inlet is located in the county, which connects the Atlantic Ocean with the estuary of the Manasquan River, a bay-like body of saltwater that serves as the starting point of the Intracoastal Waterway, which attracts as many as 1,600 boats each weekend during the peak season.[29]

المقاطعات المجاورة

The county adjoins:[30]

المنطقة المحمية الوطنية

الديمغرافيا

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد Pop. %±
179016٬918—
180019٬87217٫5%
181022٬15011٫5%
182025٬03813�0%
183029٬23316٫8%
184032٬90912٫6%
185030٬313*−7٫9%
186039٬34629٫8%
187046٬19517٫4%
188055٬53820٫2%
189069٬12824٫5%
190082٬05718٫7%
191094٬73415٫4%
1920104٬92510٫8%
1930147٬20940٫3%
1940161٬2389٫5%
1950225٬32739٫7%
1960334٬40148٫4%
1970461٬84938٫1%
1980503٬1738٫9%
1990553٬1249٫9%
2000615٬30111٫2%
2010630٬3802٫5%
2019 (تق.)618٬795[31]−1٫8%
المصادر التاريخية: 1790-1990[32]
1970-2010[8] 2000[6] 2010[5] 2000-2010[33]
* = Lost territory in previous decade.[16] 2010-2018

تعداد 2010

في تعداد الولايات المتحدة 2010 كان هناك 630٬380 شخص 233٬983 أسرة و163٬320 أسرة تقيم في county. كانت الكثافة السكانية 1,344.7 inhabitants per square mile (519.2/km2). كان هناك 258٬410 وحدة سكنية في المناطق متوسط كثافتها السكانية 551.2 per square mile (212.8/km2)*. كانت التركيبة العرقية county 82.60% (520٬716) من البيض، 7.37% (46٬443) من الأفارقة الأمريكان، 0.19% (1٬211) من الأمريكان الأصليين، 4.96% (31٬258) من الآسيويين، 0.03% (211) من سكان جزر الهادي، 2.89% (18٬187) من عرقيات أخرى، و1.96% (12٬354) من عرقين أو أكثر. الهسپان واللاتينيين من أي عرقية أخرى كانوا 9.67% (60٬939) من تعداد السكان.[5]

كان هناك 233٬983 أسرة، منهم 32.4% لديهم أطفال أقل من 18 سنة يعيشون معهم، 55.5% متزوجين يعيشون معاً، 10.5% سيدات يعلن الأسرة وزوجن غائب، و30.2% منهم غير عائلات. 25% من إجمالي الأسر يتكونون من أفراد و10.7% عبارة عن أشخاص يعيشون بمفردههم يتجاوز سنهم 65 أو أكثر. كان متوسط حجم الأسرة 2.66 ومتوسط حجم العائلة 3.22.[5]

فيما يخص الفئة العمرية لسكان البلدة، كان هناك county، 23.8% تحت 18 سنة 7.8% من 18 - 24، 24% من 25 - 44، 30.6% من 45 - 64، و13.8% ي سن 65 أو أكبر. متوسط عمر السكان 41.3 سنة. لكل إناث كان هناك 94.7 ذكر. لكل 100 أنثى في سن 18 سنة أو أكثر هناك 91.9 ذكر.[5]

السياسة

As of September 30, 2019, there were a total of 461,043 registered voters in Monmouth County, of whom 128,776 (28%) were registered as Democrats, 128,121 (27.8%) were registered as Republicans and 198,930 (43.2%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 5,216 (1.3%) voters registered to other parties.[34] Among the county's 2010 Census population, 89% of residents of age 18 and over were registered to vote.[35]


نتائج الانتخابات الرئاسية
نتائج الانتخابات الرئاسية[36]
السنة جمهوري ديمقراطي الأحزاب الثالثة
2016 52.5% 166,723 43.2% 137,181 4.4% 13,846
2012 51.8% 148,000 46.8% 133,820 1.4% 3,847
2008 51.2% 160,433 47.5% 148,737 1.4% 4,244
2004 54.6% 163,650 44.6% 133,773 0.8% 2,516
2000 45.5% 119,291 50.2% 131,476 4.3% 11,374
1996 40.2% 99,975 48.4% 120,414 11.5% 28,572
1992 44.2% 117,715 38.2% 101,750 17.5% 46,651
1988 61.1% 147,320 38.1% 91,844 0.7% 1,793
1984 65.5% 152,595 34.1% 79,382 0.4% 932
1980 56.7% 120,173 33.7% 71,328 9.7% 20,470
1976 54.3% 110,104 43.9% 88,956 1.8% 3,730
1972 65.7% 124,830 33.3% 63,176 1.0% 1,971
1968 51.2% 87,311 40.9% 69,669 7.9% 13,476
1964 39.1% 61,367 60.7% 95,320 0.2% 368
1960 56.5% 81,382 43.3% 62,434 0.2% 244
1956 71.8% 83,828 27.7% 32,329 0.5% 594
1952 66.3% 73,228 33.5% 37,006 0.2% 257
1948 62.2% 52,908 35.9% 30,507 1.9% 1,618
1944 58.7% 49,349 41.3% 34,720 0.1% 53
1940 57.7% 49,675 42.2% 36,298 0.1% 74
1936 51.3% 41,460 48.2% 38,914 0.5% 393
1932 52.7% 40,467 45.9% 35,219 1.4% 1,055
1928 65.8% 47,046 34.0% 24,286 0.2% 122
1924 65.6% 34,451 28.5% 14,931 5.9% 3,100
1920 68.1% 28,818 30.7% 12,975 1.3% 543
1916 51.5% 11,624 47.5% 10,729 1.1% 237
1912 18.3% 3,683 48.6% 9,799 33.2% 6,700
1908 56.3% 12,528 41.6% 9,274 2.1% 468
1904 52.9% 10,885 43.9% 9,032 3.2% 662
1900 53.1% 10,363 43.9% 8,570 3.0% 583
County CPVI: R+5


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انظر أيضاً

الهامش

  1. ^ أ ب New Jersey County Map Archived مارس 13, 2017 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed July 10, 2017.
  2. ^ QuickFacts - Monmouth County, New Jersey; New Jersey; United States Archived أبريل 29, 2018 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed Marhch 24, 2018.
  3. ^ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2017 - 2017 Population Estimates Archived فبراير 13, 2020 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018.
  4. ^ GCT-PEPANNCHG: Estimates of Resident Population Change and Rankings: July 1, 2016 to July 1, 2017 - State -- County / County Equivalent from the 2017 Population Estimates for New Jersey Archived فبراير 13, 2020 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 24, 2018.
  5. ^ أ ب ت ث ج DP1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed March 25, 2016.
  6. ^ أ ب خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Census2000
  7. ^ NJ Labor Market Views Archived سبتمبر 20, 2013 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, March 15, 2011. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  8. ^ أ ب ت ث New Jersey: 2010 - Population and Housing Unit Counts; 2010 Census of Population and Housing Archived يوليو 23, 2013 at the Wayback Machine, p. 6, CPH-2-32. United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed August 29, 2016.
  9. ^ [lwd.dol.state.nj.us/labor/lpa/industry/incpov/highcnty.xls 250 Highest Per Capita Personal Incomes available for 3113 counties in the United States: 2015], New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed October 24, 2017.
  10. ^ Local Area Personal Income: 2015 Archived أكتوبر 15, 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Accessed October 24, 2017.
  11. ^ Staff. "Highest income counties in 2011" Archived فبراير 2, 2015 at the Wayback Machine, The Washington Post, September 19, 2012. Accessed October 31, 2012.
  12. ^ 250 Highest Per Capita Personal Incomes of the 3113 Counties in the United States, 2009 Archived نوفمبر 20, 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Accessed April 9, 2012.
  13. ^ Salter, Edwin (1890). History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties. p. 5. Archived from the original on مارس 24, 2016.
  14. ^ Freehold Township Archived مارس 28, 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Monmouth County, New Jersey. Accessed July 12, 2012.
  15. ^ أ ب Hodges, Graham Russell. Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665–1865, p. 32. Madison, WI: Madison House, 1997. ISBN 9780945612513. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  16. ^ أ ب Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968 Archived يونيو 5, 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 177. Accessed October 1, 2013.
  17. ^ The Origin of New Jersey Place Names: M Archived ديسمبر 18, 2007 at the Wayback Machine, GetNJ.com. Accessed December 15, 2007.
  18. ^ How Monmouth County Got Its Name Archived أغسطس 13, 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Monmouth County, New Jersey. Accessed August 14, 2008.
  19. ^ Capuzzo, Jill P. "British Beware: Monmouth Redux" Archived أبريل 14, 2016 at the Wayback Machine, The New York Times, May 18, 2003. Accessed April 9, 2012. "The largest land artillery battle of the Revolutionary War, the Battle of Monmouth marked a significant turning point in the colonies' fight against the British crown."
  20. ^ New Jersey: A History of the Garden State edited by Maxine N. Lurie, Richard F. Veit page 131
  21. ^ Forstall, Richard L. Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 from the Twenty-one Decennial Censuses, pp. 108-109. United States Census Bureau, March 1996. ISBN 9780934213486. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  22. ^ https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US34025[dead link]
  23. ^ American School Reform: Progressive, Equity, and Excellence Movements, 1883-1993 by Maurice R. Berube. Pg.3
  24. ^ New Jersey: A History of the Garden State edited by Maxine N. Lurie, Richard F. Veit page 204-205
  25. ^ Census 2010 U.S. Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Counties Archived مايو 18, 2015 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  26. ^ New Jersey County High Points Archived مايو 18, 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Peakbagger.com. Accessed October 5, 2013.
  27. ^ Staff. "Holmdel by the numbers" Archived أبريل 14, 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Asbury Park Press, October 21, 1999. Accessed October 1, 2013. "391: Number of feet above sea level at Crawford Hill, the highest point in Monmouth County"
  28. ^ Bell Labs Research in the United States Archived يناير 13, 2014 at the Wayback Machine, Alcatel-Lucent. Accessed October 7, 2013. "Bell Labs researchers work in several locations across the United States, including:Murray Hill, New Jersey; Holmdel (Crawford Hill), New Jersey"
  29. ^ About U.S. Coast Guard Station Manasquan Archived أكتوبر 9, 2013 at Wikiwix, United States Coast Guard. Accessed October 7, 2013. "The Manasquan Inlet also is the Northern terminus of the Intracoastal Waterway which means that on any summer weekend as many as 1600 boats may pass through it."
  30. ^ Areas touching Monmouth County Archived مايو 18, 2015 at the Wayback Machine, MapIt. Accessed May 12, 2015.
  31. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  32. ^ Forstall, Richard L. Population of states and counties of the United States: 1790 to 1990 from the Twenty-one Decennial Censuses, pp. 108-109. United States Census Bureau, March 1996. ISBN 9780934213486. Accessed October 7, 2013.
  33. ^ U.S. Census Bureau Delivers New Jersey's 2010 Census Population Totals Archived فبراير 8, 2011 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau, February 3, 2011. Accessed February 5, 2011.
  34. ^ Statewide Voter Registration Summary Archived ديسمبر 22, 2014 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, as of October 31, 2014. Accessed May 11, 2015.
  35. ^ "NJ DOS - Division of Elections Statewide Voter Registration Summary" (PDF). New Jersey Department of State.
  36. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Archived from the original on مارس 23, 2018. Retrieved أبريل 29, 2018.

للاستزادة

وصلات خارجية

 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Monmouth County.
الكلمات الدالة:
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