كي بي آر

(تم التحويل من KBR)
يجب ألا يـُخلـَط بينها وبين KBR (news agency).
KBR, Inc.
سابقاً
Kellogg Brown & Root
النوعPublic
رمز التداول
ISINUS48242W1062 Edit this on Marefa data
الصناعة
تأسست
  • 1901: M.W. Kellogg
  • 1940s: Brown & Root
  • 1962: Halliburton
  • 2006: KBR, Inc.
المقر الرئيسي
الأشخاص الرئيسيون
الدخل▲ US$7٫742 billion (2024)
ربح العمليات▲ US$662 million (2024)
▲ US$381 million (2024)
إجمالي الأصول▲ US$6٫663 billion (2024)
إجمالي الأنصبةDecrease US$1٫467 billion (2024)
الموظفون▲ 38,000ح. 38,000 (2024)
الموقع الإلكترونيKBR.com
Footnotes / references
[1]

كي بي آر (سابقا كـِلوگ براون آند روت) NYSE: KBR، هي شركة هندسة وانشاءات أمريكية، كانت سابقا فرع لشركة هاليبرتون، مقرها هيوستن، الولايات المتحدة. بعد شراء هاليبرتون لشركة دريسر للصناعات عام 1998، اندمج فرع درسر الهندسية، م. و. كيلوگ، مع فرع هاليبرتون للانشاءات، براون آند روت، لتأسيس كلوگ براون & روت. وقد حصلت كي بي آر (وشركاتها السابقة) على العديد من العقود مع العسكرية الأمريكية، أثناء غزو العراق 2003، الحرب العالمية الثانية وحرب ڤيتنام.

KBR was created in 1998 when M.W. Kellogg merged with Halliburton's construction subsidiary, Brown & Root, to form Kellogg Brown & Root. In 2006, the company separated from Halliburton and completed an initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange.[2]

The company's corporate offices are in the KBR Tower in downtown Houston.[3][4]

التاريخ

KBR Tower, the headquarters of KBR and a part of Cullen Center, with the Downtown Houston YMCA ahead
500 Jefferson, also a part of Cullen Center, has additional KBR offices[3]
KBR offices on Clinton Drive,[3][5] within the boundaries of the East End and the Fifth Ward.[6][7] It is the former headquarters of Brown & Root.[8]

م. و. كـِلوگ

M.W. Kellogg Company was founded by Morris Woodruff Kellogg in New York City in 1901.[9] At first, it specialized in oil refining and pipe design.[9] In 1905 the company moved its headquarters to Jersey City, where it remained until 1971.[10]

Kellogg's entry into process engineering initially focused on the Fleming cracking process, but in the 1920s Kellogg partnered with The Texas Company (Texaco) and Standard Oil of Indiana to purchase the Cross thermal cracking process. Kellogg set up one of the first petroleum laboratories in the country in 1926 to commercialize and then license the technology. This led to Kellogg building some 130 units in the United States and abroad.[11]

In the 1940s, M.W. Kellogg built the first commercial FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) unit.[12] It was commissioned in May 1942. Over the next two years, the company built 22 of the 34 FCC units constructed throughout the U.S.[12]

Even bigger than the refining work was K-25, the gaseous diffusion plant at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, developed by Kellogg subsidiary the Kellex Corporation, built as part of the Manhattan Project. This period also included the development of the Benedict–Webb–Rubin (BWR) equation of state which has since become an industry mainstay and provided the basis for Kellogg's lead in cryogenics.[13]

The 1950s Kellogg technology expanded into steam pyrolysis, Orthoflow fluid catalytic cracking, phenol-from-cumene and coal-to-synthetic fuels technologies and the 1960s saw the growth in helium recovery, ethylene, and the development of Kellogg's ammonia process. Kellogg maintained New York offices at 225 Broadway in the Transportation Building until 1956 when it moved to 711 Third Avenue in Midtown.[14]

In 1973, M.W. Kellogg received five contracts from China for the construction of large-scale ammonia plants.[15] Kellogg's international work expanded to include major ammonia complexes in China,[15] Indonesia,[16] and Mexico as well as an LNG liquefaction plant in Algeria[17] and two receiving terminals in the United States, the world's largest LPG plant in Kuwait[18] and several fluid catalytic cracking units in Mexico.[19]

Kellogg underwent numerous acquisitions and name changes until 1987, when it was acquired by Dresser Industries, a provider of integrated services and project management for the oil and gas industry.[20] Ten years later, Halliburton acquired Dresser, and combined Kellogg with the company Brown & Root to create a new, larger subsidiary – Kellogg Brown & Root (KBR).[21]

براون آند روت

Brown & Root was founded in Texas in 1919 by Herman Brown and Daniel Root, with money provided by Root (Brown's brother in law).[22] Root soon died and Herman Brown's younger brother, George R. Brown, joined the company in 1922 (according to Robert A. Caro's The Path to Power). The company began its operations by building roads in Texas.[23]

One of its first large-scale projects, according to the book Cadillac Desert, was building a dam on the Texas Colorado River near Austin during the Depression years. For assistance in federal payments, the company turned to the local Congressman, Lyndon Johnson. Brown & Root was the principal source of campaign funds after Johnson's initial run for Congress in 1937, in return for persuading the Bureau of Reclamation to change its rules against paying for a dam on land the federal government did not own, a decision that had to go all the way to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. After other very profitable construction projects for the federal government, Brown & Root gave massive sums of cash for Johnson's first run for the U.S. Senate in 1941.[24]

During World War II, Brown & Root built the Naval Air Station Corpus Christi and its subsidiary Brown Shipbuilding produced a series of warships for the U.S. government. In 1947 Brown & Root built one of the world's first offshore oil platforms.[22]

According to Tracy Kidder's book Mountains Beyond Mountains, Brown & Root was a contractor in the Péligre Dam project. The project was designed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and financed by the Export-Import Bank of the United States.[25]

سنوات هاليبرتون

Following the death of Herman Brown, Halliburton Energy Services acquired Brown & Root in December 1962.[22] According to Dan Briody, who wrote a book on the subject, the company became part of a consortium called RMK-BRJ that built about 85 percent of the infrastructure needed by the U.S. Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. In 1967, the Government Accounting Office alleged that Brown & Root had been unaccountable with public funds and allowed materials to be stolen.[26][27] Donald Rumsfeld expressed concern that their contracts were not adequately audited.[26][27] At this time, protesters derided Brown & Root as a symbol of war profiteering,[28] dubbing the company "Burn & Loot".[28][29][27]

In 1989, Halliburton acquired another major engineering and construction contractor, C. F. Braun Inc., of Alhambra California, and merged it into Brown & Root.[30] From 1995 to 2002, Halliburton KBR was awarded at least $2.5 billion to construct and run military bases, some in secret locations, as part of the U.S. Army's Logistics Civil Augmentation Program (LOGCAP).[31]

In September 2005, under a competitive bid contract it won in July 2005 to provide debris removal and other emergency work associated with natural disasters, KBR started assessment of the cleanup and reconstruction of Gulf Coast Marine and Navy facilities damaged in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The facilities include: Naval Station Pascagoula, Naval Station Gulfport, the John C. Stennis Space Center in Mississippi, two smaller U.S. Navy facilities in New Orleans, Louisiana, and others in the Gulf Coast region.[32]

تأسيس كي بي آر

Halliburton announced on April 5, 2007, that it had separated from KBR, which had been its contracting, engineering, and construction unit as a part of the company for 44 years.[33] On November 16, 2006, KBR shares were offered for the public in an initial public offering with shares priced at $17.[34] The shares closed up more than 22 percent to $20.75 a share on the first trading day.[35]

Growth

In May 2019, the company introduced new branding.[36] At the end of 2023, KBR released KCap, a decarbonization technology offered in partnership with Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL), India.[37]

As of 2024, the company supports various NASA programs, educational institutions, international partner space agencies, and commercial partners.[38]

In September 2025, KBR’s board of directors approved the spin-off of the company’s government services segment, Mission Technology Solutions (MTS).[39] MTS is set to become a new, independent publicly-traded company by mid-to-late 2026. After the spinoff, KBR will still operate its sustainable technology business.[39]

Operations

GICS Code Reclassification

In April 2019, KBR's GICS code was reclassified as an IT consulting company by stock traders. MSCI, a New York firm that manages how companies are classified on various stock exchanges, reclassified KBR as a company specializing in "IT Consulting & Other Services." KBR has made a shift away from engineering and construction projects to government contracts that include information technology and other support services. KBR's government services sector accounted for more than 70 percent of the company's $4.9 billion revenue in 2018.[40]

Facilities

In 2008, the firm announced that a new office facility would appear at the intersection of the Grand Parkway and Interstate 10 in unincorporated western Harris County, Texas, between Houston and Katy.[41] The new complex would have been in close proximity to the Energy Corridor area of Houston.[42] KBR planned to continue to have a corporate presence in Downtown Houston.[43] In December KBR said that it would not continue with the plans due to a weakened economy.[44]

In January 2010 KBR announced plans to extend its lease and expand its presence in Downtown Houston. The downtown expansion replaced the Harris County plans. The new total of KBR leased space in downtown will be just over 1،200،000 أقدام مربعة (110،000 m2) at completion.[45]

Aerospace Environment Protection Lab

KBR's Aerospace Environment Protection Lab is in San Antonio. It was previously the Brooks Air Force Base. The lab is used for intensive training of United States Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps aviators. It includes "the pit," which houses a centrifuge that simulates high G-forces; altitude chambers used for training deep space pilots or astronauts; and hyperbaric chambers used to help the body heal and fight infections. It also houses the Panama Chamber, which is the oldest known dive chamber in the world. It was used during the construction of the Panama Canal.[46]

Digital Engineering Lab

In May 2025, KBR opened its new Digital Engineering Lab in Dayton, Ohio.[47][48] At the lab, KBR and Wright-Patterson Air Force Base leadership plan, design, and test various systems for Air Force and military customers.[47] The lab allows for the creation of prototype digital twins and uses KBR's “Game” simulation design tool to test designs before fabrication.[47]

Mission support

KBR is heavily involved in mission support for several government agencies, including NASA, providing training and care for American astronauts.[49] It also provides engineering and design support for different industries, including the energy sector.[50]

NASA

In 1961, Brown & Root (KBR predecessor) won the contract for architectural design services for what would later be named the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC). As of 2024, KBR is one of the largest human spaceflight support companies.[51]

In 2020, KBR was awarded a NASA contract to develop and execute spaceflight operations at Marshall Space Flight Center. Under the contract, KBR was responsible for performing International Space Station payload operations and supporting the testing of NASA's flagship space launch system.[38]

In 2021, NASA awarded KBR and Aerodyne Industries a $531 million contract for systems engineering at NASA's Goddard Space Flight center in Maryland.[52] KBR also houses the low pressure chamber designed to test the high altitude flying of the new X-59 research aircraft being designed by NASA.[53]

In 2023, KBR was the Large Business Prime Contractor of the Year at the NASA Johnson Space Center and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.[54] At the time, some of the services KBR provided included “mission planning and preparation, astronaut and mission control center training, real-time flight execution, and future exploration vehicle design for all of NASA’s human spaceflight programs under the JSC’s Flight Operations Directorate”.[55]

That year, KBR worked with Axiom and Collins Aerospace to design and make next-generation spacesuits for NASA astronauts.[56] The company also won a potential nine-year contract to continue mission and flight crew operations support work for NASA's human space exploration programs,[57] and NASA selected the Space and Technology Solutions team - a joint venture between KBR and Intuitive Machines - to provide “multifaceted engineering support for key orbital systems.”[58] This latter contract supported and built on the progress of NASA's Joint Polar Satellite System program.[59]

A year later, in 2024, KBR was chosen as NASA's Agency-Level Large Business Prime Contractor of the Year.[54] As of July, KBR had three prime contracts with NASA, including Ground Systems and Missions Operations III, as well as multiple subcontracts and joint ventures.[54]

In January 2024, KBR and a team from NASA Ames Research Center designed and built a robot system that can autonomously build structures using specially designed lattice blocks. The robot could be used to autonomously build shelters for astronauts before they land on various planets.[60]

In August 2025, KBR was granted a $2.45 billion NASA contract to continue research focused on astronaut health and health risks for human spaceflight missions.[61][62] The contract is set for five years, with the option to extend for another five years, and an estimated value of $3.6 billion.[63][62][64] In the same month, KBR along with Axiom Space completed three successful underwater tests of their next-generation spacesuit, Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU), at NASA's Neutral Buoyancy Lab.[65][66] The spacesuit is being tested for use on NASA's Artemis III mission.[67][68][65]

Space technology

In 1968, KBR was awarded a contract to conduct cardiovascular health research on astronauts.[69]

The company announced on November 7, 2017, that KBR secured a contract to provide astronaut medical support services for the European Space Agency's European Astronaut Center Space Medicine Office in Cologne, Germany.[70]

Scientists and engineers working for KBR contributed to the development and deployment of the James Webb Space Telescope, which launched in 2022, as part of various Mechanical Integration Services and Technology contracts.[71]

In 2024, KBR was awarded a U.S. Navy contract for the continued development of space science instrument systems at the Naval Research Lab (NRL).[72] The focus of the contract was on the “design, development, analysis, fabrication, inspection, assembly, integration, testing, and documentation of sophisticated space science instruments and experimental payloads.”[72]

For over a decade, KBR worked with the U.S. government on a space domain awareness platform called Iron Stallion.[73] The platform tracks everything in space, runs predictive models on where assets are supposed to be, and flags users when that is not the case.[73] As of June 2024, the platform was in a cloud environment, converted for commercial use. It had been sold to the U.K. and Australia.[73]

Sustainable technologies

KBR licenses PureSAF technology, a sustainable aviation fuel technology developed by Swedish Biofuels.[74]

In 2023, KBR was awarded a design and engineering contract from The Chemours Company to “increase and advance” technology for its membrane technology to support the hydrogen economy.[50]

In 2024, KBR was selected to provide project management services for the design and construction of a refinery in Lobito, Benguela Province.[75] It was also selected by First State Hydrogen, Inc. to support the "feasibility and development" of its first clean hydrogen production facility in the U.S. mid-Atlantic region.[76]

In September 2024, KTJV, a KBR and Technip Energies joint venture, received a contract to convert an existing natural gas import regasification terminal to a liquefied gas export plant.[77][78]

Sustainable technology & decarbonization

In the 2020s and early 2024, KBR announced multiple sustainable technology, decarbonization, and low-carbon projects worldwide. Some of these include:

  • Ammonia Technology Projects
    • KazAzot (Kazakhstan): KBR’s ammonia technology was selected for what is described as the country’s first world-scale fertilizer complex.[79][80]
    • Shell Blue Horizons (Oman): Shell selected KBR’s “blue ammonia” technology for the Blue Horizons project, supporting hydrogen and ammonia production in Oman.[81]
    • AMUFERT (Angola): KBR’s ammonia technology was adopted for a major nitrogen-fertilizer production facility in Angola.[82][83]
  • Refining and Petrochemicals
    • Zhejiang Petroleum (China): KBR’s Residuum Oil Supercritical Extraction (ROSE) technology was chosen for what is reported as the largest solvent deasphalting (SDA) unit in China.[84]
    • Sabic Fujian Petrochemicals: KBR’s phenol technology was selected by Sabic Fujian for a petrochemical project in Fujian Province, China.[85]
  • Sustainable Aviation Fuels
    • Avina (U.S.): KBR entered into a front-end engineering and design (FEED) and technology licensing agreement with Avina for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) technology.[86]
  • Propylene Oxide
    • Sumitomo Chemical Alliance: KBR and Sumitomo Chemical formed a technology licensing alliance to develop more sustainable methods of producing propylene oxide.[87]
  • Lithium Extraction
    • GeoLith Alliance: KBR and GeoLith entered an exclusive alliance to globally license a proprietary direct-lithium-extraction (DLE) technology that aims to reduce emissions and water usage.[88][89]


كوسوڤو

أفغانستان

كوبا

العراق

نقد

قالب:Csection

صلات وتورطات سياسية

شركات وهمية في جزر كايمان

رشوة مسؤولين نيجريين

ادعاءات واكسمان

الإهمال المهني

سلامة الموظفين

إعتداءات جنسية

دعاوي الإتجار بالبشر

"Burn pits" lawsuits

سمعة تاريخية في هيوستن

KBR Tower, the headquarters of KBR, with the Continental Center I at night

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

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