چهط
چهط أو تشهات Chhath هو عيد ڤيدي هندوسي، ينحدر تاريخياً من شبه القارة الهندية، وتحديداً الولايات الهندية بيهار وجهارخند وأتر پردش ومنطقة مادش في نـِپال.[1][2][3][4] چهات پوجا مُكرَّس لإله الشمس وشقيقه Shashti devi/ Chhathi Maiya/Katyayani form of Durga/Devasena in order to thank them for bestowing the bounties of life on earth and to request the granting of certain wishes.[5] هذا العيد يحييه النـِپاليون و الهنود، وكذلك شتاتهما.[6]
| چهط پوجا Chhath Puja | |
|---|---|
 Performing of prayer to Sun around the holy rivers, ponds and other small water bodies | |
| يُسمى أيضاً | Chhaith Chhath Parva Chhath Puja Dala Chhath Dala Puja Surya Shashthi |
| يُحتفى به | |
| Liturgical Color | الألوان المرتبطة بالهندوسية الزعفران (أو Bhagua) |
| النوع | ثافي، تاريخي، ديني |
| الأهمية | To thank Sun for bestowing the bounties of life on earth and fulfilling particular wishes |
| التاريخ | Kartik Shukla Shashthi |
العيد هو لعبادة إله الشمس والمناسك معقدة وتجري على مدى أربعة أيام.[7] They include holy bathing, fasting and abstaining from drinking water (Vratta), standing in water for long periods of time, and offering prasad (prayer offerings) and arghya to the setting and rising sun.[8] Some devotees also perform a prostration march as they head for the river banks.[9]
Environmentalists claim that Chhath is the most eco-friendly Hindu festival.[10][11] Although the festival is observed most elaborately in Madhesh (southern) region of Nepal and Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand and UP, it is also more prevalent in areas where migrants from those areas have a presence. It is celebrated in all Northern regions and major Northern urban centers in India. The festival is celebrated in the regions including but not exclusive to the northeast region of India, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal , Rajasthan [12][13] Mumbai,[14] Mauritius, Fiji, South Africa, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, Jamaica, other parts of the Caribbean, United States, United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Macau, Japan and Indonesia.
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أنواع چهات پوجا
- Chaitri Chhath - Celebrated in Hindi Chaitra month
- Kartiki Chhath - Celebrated in Hindi Kartik month. This one is most famous and celebrated at very large scale.
التاريخ
چهات هو نسك ڤيدي and the only in Hinduism dedicated to Hindu God Sun, and his sister Chhathi Maiyya.[16] It has also been mentioned in both the major Indian epics - In Ramayana, when Rama and Sita returned أيوديا, then people celebrated Deepawali, and on its sixth day Ramrajya was established. في هذا اليوم صام راما و سيتا وقامت سيتا بچهات. Hence, she was blessed with Luv and Kush as their sons. While in the مهابهاراتا، چهات پوجا قام به دراوپادي / كونتي بعد أن هربا من لاكشاگريه.
المناسك والتقاليد
The main worshipers, called Parvaitin (from Sanskrit parv, meaning 'occasion' or 'festival'), are usually women. However, many men also observe this festival as Chhath is not a gender-specific festival.[17] The parvaitin pray for the well-being of their family, and for the prosperity of their offspring. In some communities, once a family member starts performing Chhath Puja, it is their compulsory duty to perform it every year and to pass it on to the following generations. The festival is skipped only if there happens to be a death in the family that year. If the person stops performing the ritual on any particular year, it stops permanently and one cannot resume it. In other communities, this is not mandatory.
The prasad offerings include sweets, Kheer, Thekua, rice laddu (made of rice grit) and fruits (mainly sugarcane, sweet lime and banana) offered in small bamboo soop winnows. The food is strictly vegetarian and is cooked without salt, onions or garlic. Emphasis is put on maintaining the purity of the food.[18]
المراجع
- ^ "Chhath festival celebrated in India and Nepal begins today : The Indian Express". Archived from the original on 5 نوفمبر 2016.
- ^ "Chhath natively celebrated in India and Nepal has significance in Hindu Culture". Archived from the original on 5 نوفمبر 2016.
- ^ Subhamoy Das. "Chhath Puja". About Religion. Archived from the original on 17 نوفمبر 2015. Retrieved 16 نوفمبر 2015.
- ^ "Festivals of India And Nepal - CHHATH FESTIVAL". Archived from the original on 7 يونيو 2009.
- ^ "A festival not confined to Bihar". Archived from the original on 23 ديسمبر 2017.
- ^ "No Nepalese and Bihari diasporas want to stay out of home in Chhath :: Patna Reportings". Archived from the original on 18 September 2014.
- ^ "Chhath at the crossroads". Archived from the original on 6 نوفمبر 2016.
- ^ "Chhath rituals bring family together". Archived from the original on 24 أكتوبر 2017.
- ^ Sah, Jitendra (8 نوفمبر 2016). "Sun worshippers". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 11 نوفمبر 2016. Retrieved 11 نوفمبر 2016.
Some devotees go to river banks to worship the sun by prostrating themselves the entire distance.
- ^ "Chhath the most eco-friendly festival: Environmentalists". Archived from the original on 11 نوفمبر 2016.
- ^ "Ode to god of green things". Archived from the original on 1 أغسطس 2017.
- ^ "Surat 1 lakh to celebrate chhath puja". Jai Bihar. 22 Oct 2009. Archived from the original on 3 January 2010. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
- ^ "15 lakh to observe Chhath Puja in Delhi". Jai Bihar. 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 2 November 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-14.
- ^ "Juhu Beach decks up for worshiping the sun god". DNA India. 24 أكتوبر 2009. Archived from the original on 28 فبراير 2012. Retrieved 14 ديسمبر 2009.
- ^ https://www.india.com/travel/articles/chhath-puja-2017-famous-sun-temples-in-bihar-to-witness-chhath-puja-celebrations-3228015/
- ^ Prateek Pathak. "Why do we celebrate Chhath Puja?". SpeakingTree. Retrieved Nov 2, 2019.
- ^ "Men not far behind women in celebrating Chhath". Archived from the original on 11 نوفمبر 2016.
- ^ "'Rasiao-kheer', 'thekua' make for festive platter". The Times of India. 1 Nov 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2012.