المعرفة

كيسومو

Kisumu is the third largest city in Kenya after Nairobi and Mombasa, and the second largest city, after Kampala, Uganda, in the Lake Victoria Basin. The city is the headquarters of the Lake Region Economic Bloc, which is a conglomeration of 14 counties in Western Kenya. In 2006, the UN Habitat designated Kisumu City as the first United Nations Millennium City in the world. It is the largest and principal city of Western Kenya, and the most important inland port in the Lake Victoria circuit. Kisumu is famous for being the home town of Barack Hussein Obama Sr, the father to the 44th president of the United States, Barack H. Obama.[4]

كيسومو
Kisumu
مدينة ومقاطعة كيسومو
مع عقارب الساعة من أعلى: Central business district, بحيرة ڤيكتوريا، ملعب جومو كينياتا.
مع عقارب الساعة من أعلى: Central business district, بحيرة ڤيكتوريا، ملعب جومو كينياتا.
علم كيسومو
Flag
الكنية: 
"Lakeside City", "Kisumo","Kisumu Dala"
كيسومو is located in كينيا
كيسومو
كيسومو
الموقع في كينيا
كيسومو is located in أفريقيا
كيسومو
كيسومو
كيسومو (أفريقيا)
الإحداثيات: Coordinates: 0°6′0″S 34°45′0″E / 0.10000°S 34.75000°E / -0.10000; 34.75000
البلدكينيا
المحافظةمحافظة نيانزا
المقاطعةمقاطعة كيسومو
تأسست1901
الحكومة
 • الكيانمقاطعة كيسومو
 • التشريعCounty Assembly
 • GovernorProf. Anyang' Nyong'o
 • Deputy GovernorDr. Mathews Owili
المنسوب
1٬131 m (3٬711 ft)
التعداد
 (2019)
397٬957[1]
صفة المواطنJo Kisumo (Dholuo)
منطقة التوقيتUTC+3 (EAT)
مفتاح الهاتف057
HDI (2017)0.653[2]
medium
GDP (2018)3.9 billion USD[3]
الموقع الإلكترونيkisumu.go.ke
مدينة كيسومو كما تبدو من ربوة قريبة

Kisumu serves as the capital city of Kisumu County, Kenya and has a population of 397,957 as per the Kenyan 2019 census[5] (the rural population of Kisumu county was 714, 668 during the same census [6] indicating that the city comprises majority of the urban residents in the county which has a total population 1,155,574[7]). Kisumu is the immediate former capital of Nyanza Province, the headquarters of Kisumu County an important link in the trade route between Lake Victoria and Mombasa because of its water and rail connections. It is also the chief terminus for the agricultural produce of Nyanza and Western provinces.[8] It is the largest and most important city in the Western Kenya. Kisumu serves as a trading and transportation hub for the Great Lakes region in western Kenya. Kisumu International Airport has regular flights to Nairobi and other neighboring cities such as Mombasa, Mwanza, and Kigali. It is the second most important city after Kampala in the greater Lake Victoria basin and according to the United Nations it is now recognized as a key city and a ‘Millennium City’ – the first of its kind in the world and also in East Africa.[9].

It is officially known as Kisumu City (and formerly Port Florence). Kisumu port was founded in 1901 as the main inland terminal of the Uganda Railway named "Port Florence". Although trade stagnated in the 1980s and 1990s, it is again growing around oil exports.[10]

Kisumu City Hall

Kisumu literally means a place of barter trade "sumo". The city has "Friendship" status with Cheltenham, United Kingdom and "sister city" status with Roanoke, Virginia and Boulder, Colorado, United States. It sits at an elevation of 1,131 m (3,711 ft). Kisumu is about 320 kilometers (200 miles) north west of Nairobi and its located at the shores of Lake Victoria. It lies at the northeastern edge of the Winam Gulf, a long, shallow arm that protrudes from the main body of Lake Victoria.[11] Kisumu is set 24 kilometers (15 miles) south of the Equator and has moderate temperatures because of its elevation of 1130 meters above sea level. Just four hours away by car is the massive Kenya National Game Preserve, the Masai Mara, a world-renowned safari attraction. Kisumu is a few kilometers South of the equator, so the days are always around 12 hours long and sunset is always between 1840h and 1900h.[12]The metropolitan region comprises the city and its suburbs and satellite towns of Maseno, Kondele and Ahero .[13]

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أصل الاسم

When the Europeans first settled in the area in the late 19th century, Kisumu became a trading post – attracting the Luo people from as far as Migori and Siaya County. The Kisumu region was then occupied by the Luo community. A person going to Kisumu at that time would say, "Adhi Kisuma" to mean I'm going to trade. Derived from the word "Kisuma", the word for a trading post in Luo is "Kisumo". In Nandi "Kesumett". The current name Kisumu is an English corruption of the word "Kisumo" or "Kesumett".

An opposing theory states that Kisumu acquired its name from 'Kusuma', the Maragoli word for 'trading'. Because, before the Luo arrived in the area, the Maragoli were already trading with other people in the area like the Nandi and Maasai. Some Luo words were acquired from the Maragoli.


التاريخ

 
Local inhabitants near Kisumu, 1911


The city's growth and prosperity slowed down temporarily in 1977, as a result of the collapse of the East African Community. However, the city spurred with the reformation of the community in 1996 and with its designation as a "city." The port has been stimulated by the transformation of international business and trade, as well as the shipments of goods destined for Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo.

Currently, Kisumu is one of the fastest growing cities in Kenya. It is thriving with rich sugar and rice irrigation industries, whose contribution to the National economy is immense due to its natural resources and as the epicentre for business in Kenya.

 
Kisumu panorama, viewed from Lake Victoria


الثقافة واللغات

English is one of two national languages of Kenya, spoken with a British accent. Most people in Kisumu are trilingual.[14] They are also fluent in the national language of Swahili and the local tongue of the Dholuo ethnic group, Kenya's third largest group to which 90% of Kisumu residents belong.[15] Due to its status, there has been a recent increase in other local ethnic groups within the city.

المناخ

Kisumu features a tropical rainforest climate with no true dry season and significant rainfall year-round. January is the driest month while the month of April receives the most rainfall. The average temperature is 22.9 degrees Celsius.[16]

بيانات مناخ كيسومو (1938–1990)
الشهر يناير فبراير مارس أبريل مايو يونيو يوليو أغسطس سبتمبر اكتوبر نوفمبر ديسمبر العام
العظمى المتوسطة °س (°ف) 30.6
(87.1) 		30.8
(87.4) 		30.4
(86.7) 		28.8
(83.8) 		28.2
(82.8) 		27.9
(82.2) 		27.7
(81.9) 		28.2
(82.8) 		29.4
(84.9) 		30.5
(86.9) 		30.1
(86.2) 		29.9
(85.8) 		29٫4
(84٫9)
الصغرى المتوسطة °س (°ف) 23.8
(74.8) 		24.1
(75.4) 		24.1
(75.4) 		23.4
(74.1) 		22.8
(73) 		22.2
(72) 		21.9
(71.4) 		22.2
(72) 		22.8
(73) 		23.8
(74.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		23.5
(74.3) 		23٫2
(73٫8)
هطول mm (inches) 79
(3.11) 		84
(3.31) 		169
(6.65) 		213
(8.39) 		167
(6.57) 		85
(3.35) 		85
(3.35) 		81
(3.19) 		90
(3.54) 		95
(3.74) 		139
(5.47) 		101
(3.98) 		1٬388
(54٫65)
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 7 10 11 17 13 8 7 8 8 10 13 9 121
Source: World Meteorological Organization[17]


الدين

 
St. Therese of Lisieux Cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kisumu, opposite Kibuye Market.

المسيحية في كيسومو

Christianity was brought first in the end of 19th c. by Anglicans. They are still, together with Legio Maria, predominant in the city. Kisumu is also a see of the Catholic Archdiocese of Kisumu, with her newly appointed archbishop Philip Arnold Subira Anyolo, who in November 2018 succeeded to archbishop emeritus Zacchaeus Okoth. The population is largely Luo people. In 2016 in the total of 2,684,974 inhabitants there were 1,498,037 baptized Catholics i.e. 55.8% of the population. In the Siaya County over 70% of the population are Catholics.[18][19]

أبرز الشخصيات

The term used to refer to a resident of Kisumu is jakisumo (plural, jokisumo). Notable jokisumo include

  • Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, politician, the first Vice-President of Kenya
  • Raila Amolo Odinga, politician, son of Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, Kenya's former prime minister
  • Robert Ouko, politician and son of Kisumu Nyahera who was abducted from his Koru, Kenya home. His charred body was found later.
  • Nicholas Otieno, Pan Africanist, businessman, politician, philanthropist, artist and son of Joseph Otieno Mundhe, credited for a major role in the economic and cultural revolution that has brought tremendous wealth and stability to East-Central Africa.[بحاجة لمصدر]
  • Lupita Nyong'o, Oscar award-winning Hollywood actress whose father is the current (2018) governor of Kisumu County.


المدن الشقيقة

Kisumu literally means a place of barter trade "sumo".

The city has "Friendship" status with Cheltenham, United Kingdom.

Kisumu's sister cities are Roanoke, Virginia and Boulder, Colorado, United States.


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المقاطعات الكينية

الهامش

  1. ^ Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (February 21, 2020). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 241. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units. Retrieved on September 5, 2020. "Distribution of Population by Urban Centers Nairobi City: 4,397,073; Mombasa: 1,208,333; Nakuru: 570,674; Ruiru; 490,120; Eldoret: 475,716; Kisumu: 397,957" 
  2. ^ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  3. ^ "Gross County Product 2019".[dead link]
  4. ^ "Blog twists Obama's comments about being 'from Kenya'". @politifact (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-11-21.
  5. ^ Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (February 21, 2020). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 241. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units. Retrieved on September 5, 2020. "Distribution of Population by Urban Centers Nairobi City: 4,397,073; Mombasa: 1,208,333; Nakuru: 570,674; Ruiru; 490,120; Eldoret: 475,716; Kisumu: 397,957" 
  6. ^ Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (February 21, 2020). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 12. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units. Retrieved on September 5, 2020. 
  7. ^ Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (February 21, 2020). 2019 Kenya Population and Housing Census Volume II: Distribution of Population by Administrative Units. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. p. 11. Archived from the original. You must specify the date the archive was made using the |archivedate= parameter. https://www.knbs.or.ke/?wpdmpro=2019-kenya-population-and-housing-census-volume-ii-distribution-of-population-by-administrative-units. Retrieved on September 5, 2020. 
  8. ^ "Kisumu | Kenya". Encyclopædia Britannica (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-11-14.
  9. ^ "Kisumu, Kenya - Millennium Cities Initiative" (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-11-14.
  10. ^ "Kenya's fuel flow chain – how does it get to petrol stations?". Energy Siren. October 15, 2018. Retrieved 2019-03-16. The government recently built the Kisumu Oil Jetty on the shores of Lake Victoria that is used by ships for re-exports to landlocked Uganda, Rwanda, DRC and South Sudan.
  11. ^ "The Kisumu Port". Macleki (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-11-14.
  12. ^ "BOULDER KISUMU SISTER CITY COMMITTEE | ABOUT KISUMU, KENYA". boulderkisumu (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2019-11-14.
  13. ^ "Kisumu City". www.africa-expert.com (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2018-09-19.
  14. ^ "BOULDER KISUMU SISTER CITY COMMITTEE | ABOUT KISUMU, KENYA". boulderkisumu (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  15. ^ "BOULDER KISUMU SISTER CITY COMMITTEE | ABOUT KISUMU, KENYA". boulderkisumu (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  16. ^ "Kisumu climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Kisumu weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2020-05-25.
  17. ^ "World Weather Information Service – Kisumu". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  18. ^ Neriba, Arnold. "The See of Kisumu: 40 Years of Evangelizing the Lake Region". The Seed. 30 (2018): 8–10. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
  19. ^ "Archdiocese of Kisumu". catholic-hierarchy.org. Retrieved 24 December 2018.

وصلات خارجية

 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Kisumu.

قالب:Ports in Kenya

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