زعماء الأحزاب في مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي
زعيما الأغلبية والأقلية في مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي Senate Majority and Minority Leaders هما سناتوران أمريكيان ينتخبهما party caucuses that hold the majority and the minority respectively. These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokespeople for their parties and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. By rule, the Presiding Officer gives the Majority Leader priority in obtaining recognition to speak on the floor of the Senate. The Majority Leader customarily serves as the chief representative of his or her party in Senate, and sometimes even in all of Congress if the House of Representatives and thus the office of Speaker of the House is controlled by the opposition party.
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| هذه المقالة جزء من سلسلة عن: مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي  |
| الأعضاء |
|---|
| الأعضاء الحاليون (حسب الأقدمية • حسب العمر • حسب الطبقة) السناتورات السابقون لجان الكاپيتول (DSCC, NRSC) نائب الرئيس الأمريكي الرئيس المؤقت (قائمة) العميد • الضابط المترئس زعماء الأحزاب ومساعدوهم |
| السياسات والإجراءات |
| النصح والتصديق الجلسة المغلقة (قائمة) Cloture • اللجان (قائمة) جلسة تنفيذية • Filibuster التاريخ • النِصاب • Quorum call Recess appointment • الرواتب الختم • Standing Rules • التقاليد تصديق بالإجماع تصويت نائب الرئيس لكسر التعادل |
| الأماكن |
| كاپيتول الولايات المتحدة مباني مكتب مجلس الشيوخ (ديركسن • هارت • رسل) |
The Assistant Majority and Minority Leaders of the United States Senate (commonly called Senate Majority and Minority Whips) are the second-ranking members of the party leadership of the United States Senate. The main function of the Majority and Minority Whips is to gather votes on major issues. Because he or she is the second ranking member of the Senate, if there is no floor leader present, the whip may become acting floor leader. Before 1969, the official titles were Majority Whip and Minority Whip.
Many state senates are organized in the same way as the United States Senate.
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الواجبات
Per 19 U.S.C. § 2191(c)(1), an implementing bill for a fast-track negotiating authority (trade promotion authority) trade agreement submitted by the President is introduced (by request) in the House by the majority leader of the House and (by request) in the Senate by the majority leader of the Senate.
زعماء القاعة الحاليون
The Senate is currently composed of 54 Republicans, 44 Democrats, and 2 independents, both of whom caucus with the Democrats.
The current leaders are Republican Majority Leader Mitch McConnell of Kentucky and Democratic Minority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada. The current Assistant Majority Leader is الجمهوري John Cornyn of Texas. The current Assistant Minority Leader is Democrat دك دربن of Illinois.
قائمة زعماء الحزبين
The Democratic Party first selected a leader in 1920. The Republican Party first formally designated a leader in 1925.
| قائمة الكونگرسات الأمريكية | التواريخ | السوط الديمقراطي | الزعيم الديمقراطي | الأغلبية | الزعيم الجمهوري | السوط الجمهوري |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 63 | March 4, 1913 – March 4, 1915 |
J. Hamilton Lewis | None | ← D Maj | None | None |
| 64 | March 4, 1915 – March 4, ? 1915 |
James Wadsworth, Jr. | ||||
| 1915 ? – 1917 |
Charles Curtis | |||||
| 65 | March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919 | |||||
| 66 | March 4, 1919 – March 4, 1921 |
Peter Gerry | Oscar Underwood | R Maj → | Henry Cabot Lodge (unofficial) | |
| 67 | March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923 | |||||
| 68 | March 4, 1923 – November 9, 1924 |
Joseph Taylor Robinson | ||||
| 1925 | Charles Curtis | Wesley Jones | ||||
| 69 | March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927 | |||||
| 70 | March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929 | |||||
| 71 | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931 |
Morris Sheppard | James E. Watson | Simeon Fess | ||
| 72 | March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933 | |||||
| 73 | March 4, 1933 – 3 يناير 1935 |
J. Hamilton Lewis | ← D Maj | Charles L. McNary | Felix Hebert | |
| 74 | January 3, 1935 – 3 يناير 1937 |
None[1] | ||||
| 75 | January 3, 1937 – July 14, 1937 | |||||
| July 22, 1937 – 3 يناير 1939 |
Alben W. Barkley | |||||
| 76 | January 3, 1939 – ? |
Sherman Minton | ||||
| 1940 | Warren Austin (acting) | |||||
| 77 | January 3, 1941 – 3 يناير 1943 |
Lister Hill | Charles L. McNary | |||
| 78 | January 3, 1943 – 3 يناير 1945 |
Wallace H. White Jr. (acting) | Kenneth Wherry | |||
| 79 | January 3, 1945 – 3 يناير 1947 |
Wallace H. White Jr. | ||||
| 80 | January 3, 1947 – 3 يناير 1949 |
Scott Lucas | R Maj → | |||
| 81 | January 3, 1949 – 3 يناير 1951 |
Francis Myers | Scott W. Lucas | ← D Maj | Kenneth S. Wherry | Leverett Saltonstall |
| 82 | January 3, 1951 – 3 يناير 1952 |
Lyndon Johnson | Ernest McFarland | |||
| January 3, 1952 – 3 يناير 1953 |
Styles Bridges | |||||
| 83 | January 3, 1953 – July 31, 1953 |
Earle Clements | Lyndon B. Johnson | R Maj → | Robert A. Taft | |
| August 3, 1953 – 3 يناير 1955 |
William F. Knowland | |||||
| 84 | January 3, 1955 – 3 يناير 1957 |
← D Maj | ||||
| 85 | January 3, 1957 – 3 يناير 1959 |
Mike Mansfield | Everett Dirksen | |||
| 86 | January 3, 1959 – 3 يناير 1961 |
Everett M. Dirksen | Thomas Kuchel | |||
| 87 | January 3, 1961 – 3 يناير 1963 |
Hubert Humphrey | Mike Mansfield | |||
| 88 | January 3, 1963 – 3 يناير 1965 | |||||
| 89 | January 3, 1965 – 3 يناير 1967 |
Russell Long | ||||
| 90 | January 3, 1967 – 3 يناير 1969 | |||||
| 91 | January 3, 1969 – September 7, 1969 |
Ted Kennedy | Hugh Scott | |||
| September 24, 1969 – 3 يناير 1971 |
Hugh Scott | Robert Griffin | ||||
| 92 | January 3, 1971 – 3 يناير 1973 |
Robert Byrd | ||||
| 93 | January 3, 1973 – 3 يناير 1975 | |||||
| 94 | January 3, 1975 – 3 يناير 1977 | |||||
| 95 | January 3, 1977 – 3 يناير 1979 |
Alan Cranston | Robert Byrd | Howard Baker | Ted Stevens | |
| 96 | January 3, 1979 – 3 يناير 1981 | |||||
| 97 | January 3, 1981 – 3 يناير 1983 |
R Maj → | ||||
| 98 | January 3, 1983 – 3 يناير 1985 | |||||
| 99 | January 3, 1985 – 3 يناير 1987 |
Bob Dole | Alan Simpson | |||
| 100 | January 3, 1987 – 3 يناير 1989 |
← D Maj | ||||
| 101 | January 3, 1989 – 3 يناير 1991 |
جورج متشل | ||||
| 102 | January 3, 1991 – 3 يناير 1993 |
وندل فورد | ||||
| 103 | 3 يناير 1993 – 3 يناير 1995 | |||||
| 104 | January 3, 1995 – 12 يونيو 1996 |
توم داشل | R Maj → | ترنت لوت | ||
| 12 يونيو 1996 – 3 يناير 1997 |
ترنت لوت | دون نيكلز | ||||
| 105 | January 3, 1997 – 3 يناير 1999 | |||||
| 106 | 3 يناير 1999 – 3 يناير 2001 |
هاري ريد | ||||
| 107 | 3 يناير – 20, 2001 |
→ D Maj | ||||
| 20 يناير – 6 يونيو 2001 |
R Maj → | |||||
| 6 يونيو 2001 – 3 يناير 2003[2] |
→ D Maj | |||||
| 108 | 3 يناير 2003 – 3 يناير 2005 |
R Maj → | بيل فريست | متش مكونل | ||
| 109 | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007 |
دك دربن | هاري ريد | |||
| 110 | January 3, 2007 – December 18, 2007 |
الأغلبية ← الديمقراطية |
متش مكونل | ترنت لوت | ||
| December 19, 2007 – 3 يناير 2009 |
جون كيل | |||||
| 111 | January 3, 2009 – 3 يناير 2011 | |||||
| 112 | January 3, 2011 – 3 يناير 2013 | |||||
| 113 | January 3, 2013 – 3 يناير 2015 |
جون كورنن | ||||
| 114 | January 3, 2015 – 3 يناير 2017 |
الأغلبية الجمهورية ← | ||||
| 115 | January 3, 2017 – 3 يناير 2019 |
تشك شومر | ||||
| 116 | January 3, 2019 – 3 يناير 2021 |
جون ثون | ||||
| 117 | January 3, 2021 – 20 يناير 2021 | |||||
| January 20, 2021 – الحاضر |
الأغلبية → الديمقراطية | |||||
| الكونگرس | التواريخ | سوط الديمقراطيين | زعيم الديمقراطيين | الأغلبية | زعيم الجمهوريين | سوط الجمهوريين |
انظر أيضاً
- Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives
- President pro tempore of the United States Senate
- نائب رئيس الولايات المتحدة (رئيس مجلس الشيوخ الأمريكي)
- Party divisions of United States Congresses
- List of political parties in the United States
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الهامش
- ^ No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization." Source: Party Whips, via Senate.gov
- ^ Democrats remained in control after November 25, 2002, despite a Republican majority resulting from Jim Talent's special election victory in Missouri. There was no reorganization as Senate was no longer in session. Party Division in the Senate, 1789-present, via Senate.gov