المعرفة

پاسيك، نيوجرزي

(تم التحويل من Passaic, New Jersey)
"Passaic" تحوّل إلى هنا. لمطالعة استخدامات أخرى، انظر Passaic (توضيح).

Passaic ( /pəˈseɪ.ᵻk/ pə-SAY-ik[21] or local /pəˈseɪk/ pə-SAYK[22]) is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 69,781,[9][11][12] maintaining its status as the 15th largest municipality in New Jersey with an increase of 1,920 residents (+2.8%) from the 2000 Census population of 67,861,[10] which had in turn increased by 9,820 (+16.9%) from the 58,041 counted in the 1990 Census.[23] Passaic is the tenth most densely populated municipality in the entire United States with 22,000+ people per square mile.

پاسيك، نيوجرزي
Passaic, New Jersey
مدينة
مدينة پاسيك
St. Mary's General Hospital
St. Mary's General Hospital
Map of Passaic in Passaic County. Inset: Location of Passaic County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Map of Passaic in Passaic County. Inset: Location of Passaic County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Passaic, New Jersey
Census Bureau map of Passaic, New Jersey
الإحداثيات: 40°51′27″N 74°07′45″W / 40.857552°N 74.129089°W / 40.857552; -74.129089Coordinates: 40°51′27″N 74°07′45″W / 40.857552°N 74.129089°W / 40.857552; -74.129089[1][2]
البلد الولايات المتحدة
الولاية نيوجرزي
المقاطعةپاسيك
استوطنت1679
Incorporated2 أبريل 1873
الحكومة
[7]
 • النوعFaulkner Act (mayor–council)
 • الكيانCity Council
 • العمدةHector C. Lora (term ends June 30, 2021)[3][4]
 • AdministratorRick Fernandez[5]
 • Municipal clerkAmada Curling[6]
المساحة
[1]
 • الإجمالي3٫24 ميل² (8٫39 كم²)
 • البر3٫13 ميل² (8٫11 كم²)
 • الماء0٫11 ميل² (0٫28 كم²)  3.33%
ترتيب المساحة326th of 565 in state
11th of 16 in county[1]
المنسوب
[8]
98 ft (30 m)
التعداد
 (2010 Census)[9][10][11][12]
 • الإجمالي69٬781
 • Estimate 
(2019)[13]
69٬703
 • الترتيب15th of 566 in state
3rd of 16 in county[14]
 • الكثافة22٬179٫6/sq mi (8٬563٫6/km2)
 • ترتيب الكثافة7th of 566 in state
1st of 16 in county[14]
منطقة التوقيتUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
07055[15][16]
مفتاح الهاتف973[17]
FIPS code3403156550[1][18][19]
GNIS feature ID0885342[1][20]
الموقع الإلكترونيwww.cityofpassaic.com

Located north of Newark on the Passaic River, it was first settled in 1678 by Dutch traders, as Acquackanonk Township. The city and river draw their name from the Lenape word "pahsayèk" which has been variously attributed to mean "valley" or "place where the land splits."[24][25][26][27]

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التاريخ

 
Main Avenue in 1911
 
Old Passaic City Hall

The city originated from a Dutch settlement on the Passaic River established in 1679 which was called Acquackanonk. Industrial growth began in the 19th century, as Passaic became a textile and metalworking center.


الجغرافيا

المناخ

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Passaic has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[28]

الديمغرافيا

التعداد التاريخي
التعداد Pop. %±
18806٬532—
189013٬02899٫4%
190027٬777113٫2%
191054٬77397٫2%
192063٬84116٫6%
193062٬959−1٫4%
194061٬394−2٫5%
195057٬702−6�0%
196053٬963−6٫5%
197055٬1242٫2%
198052٬463−4٫8%
199058٬04110٫6%
200067٬86116٫9%
201069٬7812٫8%
2019 (تق.)69٬703[13][29][30]−0٫1%
Population sources: 1880-1920[31]
1880-1890[32] 1880-1900[33] 1890-1910[34]
1910[35] 1880-1930[36] 1930-1990[37]
2000[38][39] 2010[9][10][11][12]

Among the speakers of Polish in Passaic are many Gorals.[40]

Passaic, with over 20 synagogues and an Orthodox Jewish population of 15,000, has one of the largest Orthodox Jewish communities in New Jersey, along with the townships of Lakewood and Teaneck.[41]

تعداد 2010

في تعداد الولايات المتحدة 2010 كان هناك 69٬781 شخص 19٬411 أسرة و14٬597 أسرة تقيم في city. كانت الكثافة السكانية 22,179.6 inhabitants per square mile (8,563.6/km2). كان هناك 20٬432 وحدة سكنية في المناطق متوسط كثافتها السكانية 6,494.2 per square mile (2,507.4/km2)*. كانت التركيبة العرقية city 45.06% (31٬440) من البيض، 10.64% (7٬425) من الأفارقة الأمريكان، 1.07% (745) من الأمريكان الأصليين، 4.36% (3٬040) من الآسيويين، 0.04% (27) من سكان جزر الهادي، 33.37% (23٬284) من عرقيات أخرى، و5.47% (3٬820) من عرقين أو أكثر. الهسپان واللاتينيين من أي عرقية أخرى كانوا 71.02% (49٬557) من تعداد السكان.[9]

كان هناك 19٬411 أسرة، منهم 42.8% لديهم أطفال أقل من 18 سنة يعيشون معهم، 41.7% متزوجين يعيشون معاً، 23.7% سيدات يعلن الأسرة وزوجن غائب، و24.8% منهم غير عائلات. 19.5% من إجمالي الأسر يتكونون من أفراد و7.3% عبارة عن أشخاص يعيشون بمفردههم يتجاوز سنهم 65 أو أكثر. كان متوسط حجم الأسرة 3.57 ومتوسط حجم العائلة 4.02.[9]

فيما يخص الفئة العمرية لسكان البلدة، كان هناك city، 31.5% تحت 18 سنة 11.4% من 18 - 24، 29.8% من 25 - 44، 19.6% من 45 - 64، و7.7% ي سن 65 أو أكبر. متوسط عمر السكان 29.2 سنة. لكل إناث كان هناك 100.9 ذكر. لكل 100 أنثى في سن 18 سنة أو أكثر هناك 99.2 ذكر.[9]

الاقتصاد

 
1 Market St. adaptive reuse conversion to loft apartments

Portions of the city are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone (UEZ), one of 32 zones covering 37 municipalities statewide. The city was selected in 1994 as one of a group of 10 zones added to participate in the program.[42] In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the UEZ, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.3125% sales tax rate (half of the 6+5⁄8% rate charged statewide) at eligible merchants.[43] Established in August 1994, the city Urban Enterprise Zone status expires in August 2025.[44] Overseen by the Passaic Enterprise Zone Development Corporation, the program generates $1.2 million annually in tax revenues that are reinvested into the local zone.[45]


الهامش

  1. ^ أ ب ت ث ج 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 1, 2020.
  2. ^ US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Officials
  4. ^ 2020 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  5. ^ Administration, City of Passaic. Accessed March 2, 2020.
  6. ^ Municipal Clerk, City of Passaic. Accessed March 2, 2020.
  7. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة DataBook
  8. ^ "City of Passaic". نظام معلومات الأسماء الجغرافية، المسح الجيولوجي الأمريكي. Retrieved March 8, 2013.
  9. ^ أ ب ت ث ج ح DP-1: Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 - 2010 Demographic Profile Data Archived فبراير 12, 2020 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 18, 2011.
  10. ^ أ ب ت The Counties and Most Populous Cities and Townships in 2010 in New Jersey: 2000 and 2010 Archived فبراير 21, 2011 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 19, 2011.
  11. ^ أ ب ت خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Districts2011
  12. ^ أ ب ت Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Passaic city Archived مايو 6, 2012 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 14, 2011.
  13. ^ أ ب QuickFacts for Passaic city, New Jersey; Passaic County, New Jersey; New Jersey from Population estimates, July 1, 2019, (V2019), United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  14. ^ أ ب GCT-PH1 Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- County Subdivision from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for New Jersey Archived فبراير 12, 2020 at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 7, 2013.
  15. ^ ZIP code lookup for Passaic, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed August 28, 2011.
  16. ^ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 16, 2013.
  17. ^ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Passaic, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 16, 2013.
  18. ^ U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  19. ^ Geographic codes for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed September 1, 2019.
  20. ^ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  21. ^ AP-News Pronunciation Guide L-R, KRGV-TV, June 10, 2012. Accessed August 16, 2012. "Passaic -- puh-SAY'-ihk"
  22. ^ Martin, Jim. "Jim Martin", Schenectady Gazette, June 3, 1970. Accessed August 16, 2012. "When you have to run 20 miles a day through a corridor of urban sprawl without bumping Into Hackensack, South Orange (pronounced 'Arnj'), Passaic (pronounced 'Puh-sake'), Cedar Ave., Nutley or the Delaware-Lackawanna tracks, you are a human being of extraordinary determination."
  23. ^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed August 14, 2012.
  24. ^ Cunningham, John T. This is New Jersey, p. 67. Rutgers University Press, 1994. ISBN 978-0-8135-2141-1. Accessed January 27, 2015. "Passaic was a Lenape word, too. Some say it meant 'place where the land splits' or 'place where the river splits'. Others claim the word meant 'valley' to the Lenape."
  25. ^ "Passaic" Archived سبتمبر 24, 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Lenape Talking Dictionary. Accessed January 27, 2015.
  26. ^ Hutchinson, Viola L. The Origin of New Jersey Place Names, New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed September 16, 2015.
  27. ^ Gannett, Henry. The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States, p. 239. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. "Passaic; county, city in same county, and river in New Jersey; derived either from the Indian word, passaic or passajeek, 'valley,' or from the Indian equivalent of 'peace'."
  28. ^ Climate Summary for Passaic, New Jersey
  29. ^ Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New Jersey: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  30. ^ Census Estimates for New Jersey April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019, United States Census Bureau. Accessed May 21, 2020.
  31. ^ Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed July 29, 2013.
  32. ^ Porter, Robert Percival. Preliminary Results as Contained in the Eleventh Census Bulletins: Volume III - 51 to 75, p. 99. United States Census Bureau, 1890. Accessed January 14, 2013.
  33. ^ Staff. Passaic, Chambers's Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge, W. & R. Chambers, 1901. Accessed November 25, 2011.
  34. ^ Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 338. Accessed January 14, 2013.
  35. ^ Colby, Frank Moore; Williams, Talcott. "Passaic", pp. 140-1, New International Encyclopedia, Dodd, Mead and company, 1918. Accessed November 25, 2011.
  36. ^ Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 711. Accessed January 14, 2013.
  37. ^ Table 6. New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  38. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Census2000
  39. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Census2000SF1
  40. ^ Strybel, Robert. "Gromada examines highlanders impact on Poland", Am-Pol Eagle. Accessed January 14, 2013. "They and their descendants can be encountered throughout the Northeast and Midwest, including in the author's own hometown of Passaic, NJ, but also in California and Colorado."
  41. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Record2011
  42. ^ Urban Enterprise Zone Tax Questions and Answers, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, May 2009. Accessed October 28, 2019. "In 1994 the legislation was amended and ten more zones were added to this successful economic development program. Of the ten new zones, six were predetermined: Paterson, Passaic, Perth Amboy, Phillipsburg, Lakewood, Asbury Park/Long Branch (joint zone). The four remaining zones were selected on a competitive basis. They are Carteret, Pleasantville, Union City and Mount Holly."
  43. ^ Urban Enterprise Zone Program, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed October 27, 2019. "Businesses participating in the UEZ Program can charge half the standard sales tax rate on certain purchases, currently 3.3125% effective 1/1/2018"
  44. ^ Urban Enterprise Zones Effective and Expiration Dates, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed January 8, 2018.
  45. ^ Passaic Enterprise Zone Development Corporation, City of Passaic. Accessed November 19, 2019. "Passaic currently receives about $1.2 million per year in these revenues. The municipal UEZ is administered by a special entity set up specially for that purpose. In Passaic, the UEZ is administered by the Passaic Enterprise Zone Development Corporation."

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