قائمة رؤساء ڤيتنام

This is a list of those who have served as president of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (ڤيتنامية: Chủ tịch nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) from the establishment of the position to the present. Since Vietnam is a single-party state, the president is generally considered to hold the second highest position in the political system, after the general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam. In its current incarnation the president is the head of state of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, as well as the head of government in tandem with prime minister. The president represents Vietnam internally and externally, supervises the work as well as preserving the stability of the national governmental system and safeguards the independence and territorial integrity of the country. The president appoints prime minister, vice-presidents, ministers and other officials with the consent of the National Assembly. The head of state is the de jure commander-in-chief of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces and Chairman of the Council for Defence and Security, an organ of the National Assembly. Since Vietnam is a one-party state, with the Communist Party of Vietnam being the sole party allowed by the constitution, all the presidents of the Democratic Republic and the Socialist Republic have been members of the party while holding office. The current interim President is Võ Thị Ánh Xuân since the resignation of Nguyễn Xuân Phúc on 18 January 2023.

The modern office of the president of the Socialist Republic traces its lineage back to Hồ Chí Minh, the first President of the North Vietnam, and the office has no connection, or lineage, officially at least, to the head of state of the former South Vietnam (Nguyễn Hữu Thọ, a communist and the head of state of South Vietnam). Officially there have been 11 presidents, although the count is 12 presidents should the one declared president of South Vietnam be counted.

Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam, 1945–1976)

Status

Denotes Acting President

No. ^[1]		Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of Office			Political Party
Officially	In this state	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Political Party
President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam
1	1		Hồ Chí Minh (1890–1969)	2 September 1945	2 September 1969†	24 years	Indochinese Communist Party (until February 1951) Worker's Party of Vietnam (from February 1951)
—	—		Huỳnh Thúc Kháng (1876–1947)	29 May 1946	21 October 1946	145 days	None
—	—		Tôn Đức Thắng (1888–1980)	2 September 1969	23 September 1969	21 days	Worker's Party of Vietnam
2	2		Tôn Đức Thắng (1888–1980)	23 September 1969	2 July 1976	6 years, 283 days	Worker's Party of Vietnam

Republic of South Vietnam (1969–1976)

No. ^[2]		Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of Office			Political Party
Officially	In the state	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Political Party
Chairman of the Consultative Council of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam
—	1		Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (1910–1996)	8 June 1969	2 July 1976	7 years, 24 days	People's Revolutionary Party of Vietnam (National Liberation Front) (influenced by Worker's Party of Vietnam)

Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976–present)

Status

Denotes Acting President

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of Office			Election	Political Party
No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Time in office	Election	Political Party
President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
(2)		Tôn Đức Thắng (1888–1980)	2 July 1976	30 March 1980 ^{(Died in office)}	3 years, 272 days	1976	Worker's Party of Vietnam (until December 1976) Communist Party of Vietnam (from December 1976)
—		Nguyễn Hữu Thọ (1910–1996)	30 March 1980	4 July 1981	1 years, 96 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam
Chairman of the Council of State of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
3		Trường Chinh (1907–1988)	4 July 1981	18 June 1987	5 years, 349 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam
4		Võ Chí Công (1912–2011)	18 June 1987	22 September 1992	5 years, 96 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam
President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam
5		Army general Lê Đức Anh (1920–2019)	23 September 1992	24 September 1997	5 years, 1 days	1992	Communist Party of Vietnam
6		Trần Đức Lương (1937–)	24 September 1997	27 June 2006 ^{(Resigned from office)}	8 years, 276 days	1997	Communist Party of Vietnam
7		Nguyễn Minh Triết (1942–)	27 June 2006	25 July 2011	5 years, 28 days	2006	Communist Party of Vietnam
8		Trương Tấn Sang (1949–)	25 July 2011	2 April 2016	4 years, 252 days	2011	Communist Party of Vietnam
9		Police general Trần Đại Quang (1956–2018)	2 April 2016	21 September 2018 ^{(Died in office)}	2 years, 172 days	2016	Communist Party of Vietnam
—		Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh (1959–)	21 September 2018	23 October 2018	32 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam
10		Nguyễn Phú Trọng (1944–)	23 October 2018	5 April 2021	2 years, 164 days	2018	Communist Party of Vietnam
11		Nguyễn Xuân Phúc (1954–)	5 April 2021	18 January 2023 ^{(Resigned from office)}	1 years, 288 days	2021	Communist Party of Vietnam
—		Võ Thị Ánh Xuân (1970–)	18 January 2023	2 March 2023	43 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam
12		Võ Văn Thưởng (1970–)	2 March 2023	21 March 2024 ^{(Resigned from office)}	1 years, 19 days	2023	Communist Party of Vietnam
—		Võ Thị Ánh Xuân (1970–)	21 March 2024	Incumbent	2 years, 238 days	—	Communist Party of Vietnam

Timeline

<timeline> ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:12 PlotArea = top:3 bottom:120 right:130 left:20 AlignBars = late

DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy Period = from:1945 till:07/03/2023 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:1945 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:1945

Colors =

 id:icp  value:rgb(0.5,0.02,0.02)   legend:Indochinese_Communist_Party
 id:wpv  value:rgb(0.75,0.02,0.02)   legend:Workers'_Party_of_Vietnam
 id:none  value:rgb(0.87,0.87,0.87)   legend:None
 id:cpv  value:rgb(1,0.02,0.02)   legend:Communist_Party_of_Vietnam

Legend = columns:2 left:200 top:80 columnwidth:230

TextData =

 pos:(20,100) textcolor:black fontsize:M
 text:"Political parties:"

BarData =

 bar:HồChíMinh
 bar:HuỳnhThúcKháng
 bar:TônĐứcThắng
 bar:NguyễnHữuThọ
 bar:TrườngChinh
 bar:VõChíCông
 bar:LêĐứcAnh
 bar:TrầnĐứcLương
 bar:NguyễnMinhTriết
 bar:TrươngTấnSang
 bar:TrầnĐạiQuang
 bar:ĐặngThịNgọcThịnh
 bar:NguyễnPhúTrọng
 bar:NguyễnXuânPhúc
 bar:VõThịÁnhXuân
 bar:VõVănThưởng

PlotData=

 width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till

 bar:HồChíMinh
  from: 02/09/1945 till: 19/02/1951 color:icp
  from: 19/02/1951 till: 02/09/1969 color:wpv text:"Hồ Chí Minh"
 bar:HuỳnhThúcKháng
  from: 29/05/1946 till: 21/10/1946 color:none text:"Huỳnh Thúc Kháng"
 bar:TônĐứcThắng
  from: 02/09/1969 till: 02/07/1976 color:wpv
  from: 02/07/1976 till: 30/03/1980 color:cpv text:"Tôn Đức Thắng"
 bar:NguyễnHữuThọ
  from: 30/03/1980 till: 04/07/1981 color:cpv text:"Nguyễn Hữu Thọ"
 bar:TrườngChinh
  from: 04/07/1981 till: 18/06/1987 color:cpv text:"Trường Chinh"
 bar:VõChíCông
  from: 18/06/1987 till: 23/09/1992 color:cpv text:"Võ Chí Công"
 bar:LêĐứcAnh
  from: 23/09/1992 till: 24/09/1997 color:cpv text:"Lê Đức Anh"
 bar:TrầnĐứcLương
  from: 24/09/1997 till: 27/06/2006 color:cpv text:"Trần Đức Lương"
 bar:NguyễnMinhTriết
  from: 27/06/2006 till: 25/07/2011 color:cpv text:"Nguyễn Minh Triết"
 bar:TrươngTấnSang
  from: 25/07/2011 till: 02/04/2016 color:cpv text:"Trương Tấn Sang"
 bar:TrầnĐạiQuang
  from: 02/04/2016 till: 21/09/2018 color:cpv text:"Trần Đại Quang"
 bar:ĐặngThịNgọcThịnh
  from: 21/09/2018 till: 23/10/2018 color:cpv text:"Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh"
 bar:NguyễnPhúTrọng
  from: 23/10/2018 till: 05/04/2021 color:cpv text:"Nguyễn Phú Trọng"
 bar:NguyễnXuânPhúc
  from: 05/04/2021 till: 18/01/2023 color:cpv text:"Nguyễn Xuân Phúc"
 bar:VõThịÁnhXuân
  from: 18/01/2023 till: 02/03/2023 color:cpv text:"Võ Thị Ánh Xuân (acting)"
 bar:VõVănThưởng
  from: 02/03/2023 till: end color:cpv text:"Võ Văn Thưởng"

</timeline>

List of presidents by length of tenure

Rank	No.	Name	Party	Length of term
1	1	Hồ Chí Minh	ICP/WPV	24 years
2	2	Tôn Đức Thắng	WPV/CPV	10 years, 210 days
3	6	Trần Đức Lương	CPV	8 years, 276 days
4	3	Trường Chinh	CPV	5 years, 349 days
5	4	Võ Chí Công	CPV	5 years, 97 days
6	7	Nguyễn Minh Triết	CPV	5 years, 28 days
7	5	Lê Đức Anh	CPV	5 years
8	8	Trương Tấn Sang	CPV	4 years, 252 days
9	9	Trần Đại Quang	CPV	2 years, 172 days
10	10	Nguyễn Phú Trọng	CPV	2 years, 164 days
11	11	Nguyễn Xuân Phúc	CPV	1 years, 288 days
12	—	Nguyễn Hữu Thọ	CPV	1 year, 96 days
14	12	Võ Văn Thưởng	CPV	3 years, 257 days (Incumbent)
13	—	Huỳnh Thúc Kháng	None	145 days
15	—	Võ Thị Ánh Xuân	CPV	43 days
16	—	Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh	CPV	32 days

Notes

1.^ These numbers are official. The "—" denotes acting head of state. The first column shows how many presidents there have been in Vietnamese history, while the second show how many presidents there was in that state.

References

Bibliography

Koh, David (July–August 2008). "Leadership Changes at the 10th Congress of the Vietnamese Communist Party". Asian Survey. 48 (4): 650–672. doi:10.1525/as.2008.48.4.650. JSTOR 3738744.
Van, Canh Nguyen; Cooper, Earle (1983). Vietnam under Communism, 1975–1982. Hoover Press. ISBN 9780817978518.

قالب:Years in Vietnam

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