كريستوفر لانداو

(تم التحويل من Christopher Landau)
كريستوفر لانداو
Christopher Landau
الپورتريه الرسمي، 2025.
نائب وزير الخارجية الأمريكي رقم 23
تولى المنصب
25 مارس 2025
الرئيسدونالد ترمپ
وزير الخارجيةماركو روبيو
سبقهكرت كامبل
سفير الولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك
في المنصب
12 أغسطس 2019 – 20 يناير 2021
الرئيسدونالد ترمپ
سبقهروبرتا جيكوبسون
خلـَفهكـِن سالازار
تفاصيل شخصية
وُلِد
كريستوفر توماس لانداو[1]

13 نوفمبر 1963 (العمر 62 سنة)
مدريد، إسپانيا
الحزبالحزب الجمهوري
الزوج
كارولين بروس لانداو
​
(m. 1997)​
القرابةسيگاليت لانداو (الفنانة الإسرائيلية، ابنة عمه)
الأنجال2
الأبجورج لانداو
التعليمجامعة هارڤرد (ب.آ.، د.ق.)

كريستوفر توماس لانداو (، و. 13 نوفمبر 1963)، هو محامي ودبلوماسي أمريكي ونائب وزير خارجية الولايات المتحدة منذ 2025. كان لانداو سفيراً للولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك من عام 2019 حتى 2021.[2][3]

درس لانداو القانون في جامعة هارڤرد. بعد تخرجه، عمل مساعداً قضائياً لعدد من قضاة المحكمة العليا. وبعد تعيينه سفيراً للولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك، أدى اليمين أمام قاضي كان قد عمل مساعداً قضائياً لديه.[4][المصدر لا يؤكد ذلك]

في ديسمبر 2024، رشحه الرئيس-المنتخب دونالد ترمپ لمنصب نائب وزير الخارجية في إدارته الثانية.[5]

النشأة والتعليم

Christopher Thomas Landau was born on November 13, 1963, in Madrid, Spanish State, where his father, George W. Landau (later United States ambassador to Paraguay, Chile, and Venezuela), was then stationed with the United States Foreign Service.

Landau attended the American School of Asunción, Paraguay, for five years.[6] He is fluent in Spanish and French.[7]

Landau graduated from Groton School in Groton, Massachusetts, in 1981. He earned his BA in history, summa cum laude, from Harvard College in 1985, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa his junior year and earned a certificate in Latin American studies.[8][9] He wrote his senior thesis on U.S. relations with the leftist government of Venezuela in the mid-1940s.[1] He received his JD, magna cum laude, from Harvard Law School in 1989, where he was articles co-chair of the Harvard Law Review.

مسيرته القانونية

After graduating from law school, Landau clerked for Judge Clarence Thomas of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He later clerked for Thomas again in 1990 to 1991 after Thomas was appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court and then Justice Antonin Scalia in 1991–92. During the former clerkship, Landau was co-clerk with Lawrence Lessig; during the latter clerkship, he was co-clerk with Gregory G. Katsas, Gregory E. Maggs, and Stephen R. McAllister.

In 1993, Landau joined Kirkland & Ellis as an associate, becoming a partner in 1995. He was chairman of the firm's appellate practice until he left after twenty-five years to join Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan in 2018.[10][11][12]

From 1994 to 1995, Landau was an adjunct professor of administrative law at the Georgetown University Law Center.[6] In 2017, the chief justice of the United States appointed him to the advisory committee on the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure.[13] Landau served as a trustee of the United States Supreme Court Historical Society, and chair of the society's Programs Committee.[14] He was also a director of the Diplomacy Center Foundation, which supports the United States Diplomacy Center at the United States Department of State.[15]

Landau being sworn in as ambassador to Mexico by Justice Clarence Thomas, with U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo looking on

مسيرته الدبلوماسية

سفير الولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك

الپورتريه الرسمي لكريستوفر لانداو كسفير للولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك.

On March 26, 2019, President Donald Trump nominated Landau as United States ambassador to Mexico.[16] On August 1, 2019, the Senate unanimously confirmed his nomination by voice vote.[17][18] He was sworn into office on August 12, 2019, arrived in Mexico on August 16, 2019, and presented his credentials to President Andrés Manuel López Obrador on August 26, 2019.[19][20][21] As Ambassador, Landau made the issue of immigration a top policy priority.[22]

On September 9, 2020, President Trump added Landau to a list of potential nominees to the Supreme Court of the United States.[23] After Joe Biden succeeded Trump as President, Landau left his post as ambassador in 2021, and was replaced by former U.S. Senator from Colorado Ken Salazar.[24]

استخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي

As ambassador to Mexico, Landau was noted for his heavy usage of social media. In 2020, he launched a challenge on Twitter to boost his follower count in order to exceed the 150,000 followers boasted by the U.S. ambassador to Greece, noting his follower count was only 40,000 despite Mexico's much larger population. Landau tweeted in Spanish "This is an outrage! … Mexico has to be #1!" By July 2020, Landau's follower count had exploded to 245,000, in what Slate described as providing "an unexpected lesson in American digital diplomacy."[25]

In September 2020, Landau was accused of cyberbullying a Mexican college student who criticized him on Twitter. Landau replied by sarcastically saying, "Obviously, your great education and knowledge of the world would allow you to do diplomatic work much better than the 'rudimentary' communications of this 'white foreigner.' " The student reportedly closed their account on Twitter following the exchange.[26]

نائب وزير الخارجية الأمريكي

الترشح

Landau was nominated to be deputy secretary of state by President-elect Donald Trump on December 8, 2024.[27] Top Trump official Stephen Miller had lobbied for his appointment.[28] On the day of his appointment, Landau declared that one of his priorities would be the relationship between the United States and Mexico. His appointment was welcomed by Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum, who said he had done a "very good job" as U.S. ambassador to Mexico.[29]

During his confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on March 4, 2025, Landau supported the dismantling of USAID and proposed that it be replaced by private sector investment.[30] He also asserted that China was the United States' main strategic competitor, and that they would have to work with their allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific, such as the members of ASEAN and QUAD. Landau called for a reduction in the U.S. trade deficit.[31] He also stated that he believes in the rule of law and will implement all laws passed by Congress. The committee voted 16–6 in favor of his nomination on March 12, 2025. Landau won the support of some Democrats.[32]

عهده

نائب وزير الخارجية الصيني ما ژاوشو (يمين) ونائب وزير الخارجية الأمريكي كريستوفر لانداو (يسار)، مقر وزارة الخارجية، 22 يوليو 2026.

On March 24, 2025 the Senate confirmed his nomination 60–31[33] and he was sworn in as the twenty-third United States deputy secretary of state the following day.[34] One of his first actions was a call on March 26, 2025 with the Mexican Secretary of Foreign Affairs Juan Ramón de la Fuente, in which Landau pledged to strengthen the bilateral relationship between their two countries.[35] On the same day, he had a call with the Argentine Foreign Minister Gerardo Werthein in which Landau praised Argentina's role in the region and its protection of political opponents of Venezuelan leader Nicolas Maduro.[36]

في 22 يوليو 2026، قام نائب وزير الخارجية الصيني ما ژاوشو بزيارة إلى الولايات المتحدة استمرت يومين، بدعوة من الجانب الأمريكي، والتقى بعدد من كبار المسؤولين الأمريكيين. وأفادت وزارة الخارجية الأمريكية في بيان صحفي أن ما ژاوشو والجانب الأمريكي "أجروا خلال الزيارة تبادلاً معمقاً للآراء حول تنفيذ التوافق الهام الذي توصل إليه رئيسا دولتي الصين والولايات المتحدة، وتعزيز بناء علاقات صينية أمريكية بناءة قائمة على الاستقرار الاستراتيجي". وبحسب الوزارة، أجرى ما مشاورات في الولايات المتحدة مع نائب وزير الخارجية الأمريكي كريستوفر لانداو. وقد التقى مع إيڤان كاناباثي، المدير الأول لشؤون آسيا في مجلس الأمن القومي بالبيت الأبيض، وكيل وزارة الدفاع للسياسات إلبردج كولبي. كما تبادل ما الآراء مع أعضاء مجلس الشيوخ ومجلس النواب.[37]

انظر أيضاً

المصادر

  1. ^ أ ب "The rise and fall of petro-liberalism : United States relations with socialist Venezuela". Retrieved August 21, 2019.
  2. ^ "PN523 — Christopher Landau — Department of State". United States Congress (in الإنجليزية). August 1, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  3. ^ "Rinde protesta Christopher Landau, nuevo embajador de EU en México". Uno TV. August 12, 2019. Archived from the original on April 20, 2023. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
  4. ^ "U.S. Ambassador to Mexico – Christopher Landau". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Mexico (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2025-03-26.
  5. ^ Phillips, Morgan, "Get to know Donald Trump's Cabinet: Who has the president-elect picked so far?", Fox News, 9 December 2024
  6. ^ أ ب Tillman, Zoe; Tamkin, Emily (November 19, 2018). "A Lawyer With Conservative Ties And No Diplomatic Experience Is Being Vetted For US Ambassador To Mexico". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  7. ^ "Christopher Landau". United States Department of State (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2025-03-26.
  8. ^ "Prize Descriptions". prizes.fas.harvard.edu (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2024-05-10.
  9. ^ Harvard College Phi Beta Kappa Membership Roster, https://pbk.fas.harvard.edu/previous-years
  10. ^ "Christopher Landau, P.C. − Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan, LLP". Quinn Emanuel Urquhart & Sullivan. Archived from the original on November 21, 2018. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
  11. ^ Lat, David (January 11, 2018). "Prominent Supreme Court Lawyer Jumps From Kirkland & Ellis To Quinn Emanuel".
  12. ^ Olson, Elizabeth. "Quinn Emanuel Lands Lauded Top Court Litigator Landau". Big Law Business.
  13. ^ "COMMITTEES ON RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE CHAIRS and REPORTERS" (PDF). www.uscourts.gov. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  14. ^ "Society Info". Supreme Court Historical Society. Archived from the original on February 26, 2019. Retrieved February 26, 2019.
  15. ^ "Board of Directors – Diplomacy Center Foundation". Archived from the original on January 31, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
  16. ^ "Seven Nominations Sent to the Senate". whitehouse.gov – via National Archives.
  17. ^ "PN523 — Christopher Landau — Department of State". United States Congress. August 1, 2019. Retrieved August 5, 2019.
  18. ^ "Congressional Record".
  19. ^ "Christopher Landau rinde protesta como embajador de EU en México" (in الإسبانية). August 12, 2019. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
  20. ^ "Christopher Landau new US ambassador arrives in Mexico with his family". August 16, 2019.
  21. ^ "AMLO se reúne con el embajador de EU en México, Christopher Landau". August 26, 2019.
  22. ^ Krauze, León (February 11, 2021). "Biden's ambassador to Mexico will face steep challenges and an already prickly relationship". Washington Post.
  23. ^ "Additions to President Donald J. Trump's Supreme Court List". whitehouse.gov. September 9, 2020 – via National Archives.
  24. ^ Justin Wingerter (2021-08-11). "Colorado's Ken Salazar confirmed as U.S. ambassador to Mexico". The Denver Post (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2024-04-19.
  25. ^ Armstrong, Mia (2020-07-29). "Trump's Ambassador to Mexico Wants to Be a Star on Mexican Twitter. It's Complicated". Slate Magazine (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2022-06-28.
  26. ^ Green, Emily (September 15, 2020). "Trump's Ambassador to Mexico Is Bullying a College Student Online". Vice (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2022-06-28.
  27. ^ Wong, Edward (2024-12-08). "Trump Picks Former Ambassador to Mexico for Deputy Secretary of State". The New York Times (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  28. ^ Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie; Fahrenthold, David A.; Savage, Charlie (2025-01-16). "Stephen Miller, Channeling Trump, Has Built More Power Than Ever". The New York Times (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2025-06-21.
  29. ^ "Trump taps former ambassador to Mexico for US deputy secretary of state". Mexico News Daily (in الإنجليزية). 2024-12-09. Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  30. ^ "Trump State Department nominee says private sector investment should replace foreign aid". South China Morning Post (in الإنجليزية). 2025-03-05. Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  31. ^ "US deputy secretary of state nominee underlines cooperation with allies to counter China's rise". The Korea Herald (in الإنجليزية). 2025-03-05. Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  32. ^ Oswald, Rachel (2025-03-12). "Senate panel backs diplomatic nominees after Democratic delay". Roll Call (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 2025-03-15.
  33. ^ "PN12-25 − Nomination of Christopher Landau for Department of State, 119th Congress (2025–2026)". US Congress. March 24, 2025. Retrieved March 26, 2025.
  34. ^ "Christopher Landau". United States Department of State (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 2025-03-26.
  35. ^ "Mexico foreign minister, US official hold call on bilateral issues". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). 2025-03-27.
  36. ^ "Deputy Secretary Landau's Call with Argentine Foreign Minister Werthein". www.state.gov. March 26, 2025. Retrieved March 27, 2025.
  37. ^ "Vice-foreign minister visits US, meets senior officials". chinadaily. 2026-07-24. Retrieved 2026-07-25.

وصلات خارجية

مناصب دبلوماسية
سبقه
روبرتا جيكوبسون 		سفير الولايات المتحدة لدى المكسيك
2019–2021 		تبعه
كـِن سالازار
مناصب سياسية
سبقه
كرت كامبل 		نائب وزير الخارجية الأمريكي
2025–الحاضر 		الحالي
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