شايان (قبيلة)

قبيلة شايان إنگليزية: Cheyennecode: en is deprecated هي إحدى القبائل الهندية الأمريكية. يبلغ تعداد افرادها حاليا 6,591 نسمة ويسكن غالبيتهم في أوكلاهوما ومونتانا. يتحدث افرادها لغتهم الخاصة والتي تعرف أيضا باسم شايان وأيضا يتحدثون الإنجليزية. اغلبهم مسيحي الديانة وهم عرقيا أقرباء لقبائل الأراپاهو والألگونكوين

شايان (قبيلة)
Cheyenne

إجمالي التعداد
22,970 (الشمال: 10,840; الجنوب: 12,130)
المناطق ذات التجمعات المعتبرة
الولايات المتحدة (مونتانا, اوكلاهوما)
اللغات
شايان ، الإنجليزية ، حديث تسجيل السهول
الدين
الدين القبلي التقليدي ، الكنيسة الأمريكية الأصلية ، و المسيحية
الجماعات العرقية ذات الصلة
أراباهو ، بلاكفوت ، سهتاي ، وغيرهم شعوب الألگونكوين

Dull Knife (بالشايان: Vóóhéhéve أو لاكوتا: Tamílapéšni)، زعيم شايان الشمال في Battle of Little Bighorn

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 اللغة

المقالة الرئيسية: Cheyenne language

 التاريخ

Cheyenne woman photograph by Edward S. Curtis, 1930

 التوسع في السهول

Portrait of Cheyenne chief Wolf-on-the-Hill by George Catlin, 1832. A band of Cheyenne visited Fort Pierre, South Dakota in 1832 where some were painted by Catlin during a westward expedition.

 الأعداء وثقافة المحارب

انظر أيضاً: Cheyenne military societies

Painting of chief Chief Killer, a Southern Cheyenne war chief, wearing society headdress. Painted by E.A Burbank, 1899.

Ledger drawing by Hubble Big Horse showing a battle between Cheyenne warriors and Mexican lancers.

Ledger drawing showing a battle between a Cheyenne warrior (right) and an Osage or Pawnee warrior (left).

Ledger drawing of a mounted Cheyenne warrior counting coup with lance on a dismounted Crow warrior.

Ledger drawing of a Cheyenne warrior with pronghorn horned headdress, symbol of the Crazy Dog Society.

 العلاقة مع الأراپاهو

انظر أيضاً: أراپاهو (شعب)

 تأثيرات مسار المهاجرين

 معاهدة فورت لارامي لعام 1851

Arapaho and Cheyenne 1851 treaty territory. (Area 426 and 477). Area 477 is the reserve established by treaty of Fort Wise, February 18, 1861.

Cheyenne warrior Alights on the Cloud in his armor. He was neutralized during an attack on a Pawnee hunting camp in 1852

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 ذروة اندفاع بايك للذهب

Dull Knife (بالشايان: Vóóhéhéve or Lakota: Tamílapéšni), Chief of Northern Cheyenne at Battle of Little Bighorn

Chief Black Kettle of the Southern Cheyenne, an advocate of peace among his people.

 نزوح شمال شايان

المقالة الرئيسية: Northern Cheyenne Exodus and Fort Robinson tragedy

Little Coyote (Little Wolf) and Morning Star (Dull Knife), chiefs of the Northern Cheyenne

Cheyenne prisoners in Kansas involved in escape northward. From left to right: Tangle Hair, Wild Hog, Strong Left Hand, George Reynolds (interpreter), Old Crow, Noisy Walker, Porcupine, and Blacksmith. All prisoners were released free from charges.

 محمية شايان الشمال الهندية

المقالة الرئيسية: Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation

Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation flag

White Buffalo, a Northern Cheyenne chief who received the rank of sergeant in the United States Army.

Map of Indian Reservations in the state of Montana including the Northern Cheyenne Reservation.

 الثقافة

Cheyenne courting scenes, by Big Back, before 1882

 الشايان البارزون

W. Richard West Jr., Founding Director of the Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian.

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 انظر أيضًا

• قبائل الشايان والأراپاهو
• القبائل الأمريكية الأصلية في نبراسكا
• "هنود شايان: تاريخهم وطرق حياتهم"

 المصادر

• Berthrong, Donald J. The Southern Cheyenne. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1963.
• Brown, Dee. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1970. ISBN 0-8050-1730-5.
• Bourke, John G. Mackenzie's Last Fight with the Cheyenne. New York: Argonaut Press, 1966.
• Greene, Jerome A. (2004). Washita, The Southern Cheyenne and the U.S. Army. Campaigns and Commanders Series, vol. 3. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, P. 9
• Grinnell, George Bird. The Fighting Cheyenne. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1956. (original copyright 1915, NY: Charles Scribner's Sons). ISBN 0-87928-075-1.
• Grinnell, George Bird. The Cheyenne Indians: Their History and Ways of Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1923. 2 volumes; trade paperback, reprints: The Cheyenne Indians, Vol. 1: History and Society, Bison Books, 1972. ISBN 978-0-8032-5771-9; The Cheyenne Indians, Vol. 2: War, Ceremonies, and Religion, Bison Books, 1972. ISBN 978-0-8032-5772-6.
• Hyde, George E. Life of George Bent: Written From His Letters, ed. Savoie Lottinville, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1968. Reprint, trade paperback, March 1983. ISBN 978-0-8061-1577-1
• Moore, John H. (1996). The Cheyenne. The peoples of America. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-55786-484-0. OCLC 34412067.
• Pritzker, Barry M. A Native American Encyclopedia: History, Culture, and Peoples. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-513877-1.

 قراءات أضافية

• Ambler, Marjane; Little Bear, Richard E; et al. (2008) We, The Northern Cheyenne People. Lame Deer, MT: Chief Dull Knife College
• Bringing the Story of the Cheyenne People to the Children of Today (PDF). Northern Cheyenne Social Studies Units. Northern Cheyenne Curriculum Committee, Montana Office of Public Instruction. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-22. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
• John Stands In Timber and Margot Liberty (2013). A Cheyenne voice : the complete John Stands in Timber interviews. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 9780806143798. Retrieved 2013-07-13.
• Hill, Christina Gish (2016). Webs of Kinship: Family in Northern Cheyenne Nationhood. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press.
• Kroeber, A L (July–September 1900). "Cheyenne Tales". Journal of American Folklore. 13 (50): 161–190. JSTOR 533882.

 وصلات خارجية

شايان (قبيلة) edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

• Map of Lakota-Sioux and Cheyenne War on Central Plains in 1866–1876
• "Cheyenne Culture and History Links", Native Languages
• Montana Office of Public Instruction. "Symbols of Our People". Archived from the original on 2012-04-28. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
• Jomay Steen, "Indian remains finally at rest", The Rapid City Journal, 31 March 2005
• "Cheyenne perform Victory Dance to honor Marine tank driver", Turtle Track
•  "[[s:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/{{{1}}}|{{{1}}}]]". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921. 
• "Cheyennes" . The New Student's Reference Work . 1914.
•  "Cheyenne. A brave and warlike plains tribe of Algonquian stock". New International Encyclopedia. {{{year}}}. 
• "Cheyennes" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879.