المعرفة

سلاح الجو الپاكستاني

(تم التحويل من سلاح الجو الباكستاني)

سلاح الجو الپاكستاني (أردو: پاک فضائیہ, Pak Faza'ya) ، هو فرع من القوات المسلحة الپاكستانية وهو المسئول عن الدفاع عن الفضاء الجوي الپاكستاني ضد أي تدخلات. ويقوم أيضا بالإمداد الجوي للقوات الأرضية. ويحتفل في 6 سبتمبر من كل عام بعيد سلاج الجو الپاكستاني في پاكستان. وفي هذا اليوم تقوم القوات الجوية بعمل عروض لوحداتها ودورها في الدفاع عن البلاد.

سلاح الجو الپاكستاني
Pakistan Air Force
  • پاک فِضائیہ‎,
  • Pāk Fìzāʾiyah
Badge of the Pakistan Air Force.svg
Pakistan Air Force Ensign
تأسست1947 (باسم سلاح الجو الملكي الپاكستاني)
البلدپاكستان
النوعAir force
الدورAerial warfare[1]
الحجم
جزء منالقوات المسلحة الپاكستانية
المقر الرئيسيAir Headquarters (AHQ), Islamabad, ICT
الشعار اللفظي
  • أردو: قوم کا سرمایہ افتخار
  • "A symbol of pride for the nation" (ISPR official)[4]
  • فارسية: صحراست که دریاست ته بال و پر ماست
  • "Be it deserts or seas; all lie under our wings" (traditional) [5]
الألوان    
تواريخ هامةAir Force Day: 7 September
الاشتباكات
الموقع الإلكترونيpaf.gov.pk
القادة
Commander-in-Chief President Arif Alvi
Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff General Sahir Shamshad Mirza
Chief of Air Staff Air Chief Marshal Zaheer Ahmad Babar
Vice Chief of Air Staff Air Marshal Syed Noman Ali
الشارات
RoundelRoundel of Pakistan.svg Roundel of Pakistan – Low Visibility.svg
Fin flashFlag of Pakistan.svg Fin Flash of Pakistan – Low Visibility.svg
FlagAir Force Ensign of Pakistan.svg
الطائرات التابعة
طائرة هجوميةMirage 5, Mirage III, Burraq UAV, CH-4 UACV, CAIG Wing Loong II
الحرب
الإلكترونية		2000 Erieye (AWACS), ZDK-03 (AWACS), Falcon DA-20 (EW)
مقاتلةF-16A/B/AM/BM/C/D, JF-17A/B, Chengdu J-10C
مروحيةAW139, Bell 205, Bell 412, Mi-171, Bell AH-1 Cobra
مقاتلة اعتراضيةF-7PG
استطلاعMirage IIIRP, Jasoos I UAV, Jasoos II Bravo+ UAV, Shahpar UAV, Selex ES Falco
طائرة تدريبMFI-17 Mushshak, MFI-395 Super Mushshak, T-37, K-8P, FT-6, FT-7, F-16B/D, JF-17B
طائرة شحنC-130B/E/L-100, CN-235, Gulfstream IV, Phenom 100, Saab 2000, Harbin Y-12
إمداد بالوقود جواًIlyushin Il-78

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التاريخ

النشأة (1947 - 1951)

 
PAF Hawker Sea Fury two-seat trainer

عصر النفاثات (1951 - 1961)

 
PAF F-86 Sabres

الحرب الهندية الپاكستانية 1965

المقالة الرئيسية: الحرب الهندية الپاكستانية 1965
 
PAF B-57s dropped over 600 tons of bombs on Indian territory during the 1965 war

الحرب الهندية الپاكستانية 1971

المقالة الرئيسية: حرب تحرير بنجلادش and الحرب الهندية الپاكستانية 1971

حرب يوم خيبر

المقالة الرئيسية: حرب يوم خيبر

الحرب السوفيتية الپاكستانية

المقالة الرئيسية: الحرب السوفيتية في الپاكستانية and الحرب السوفيتية الپاكستانية

الجيل الجديد (1983 - 1989)

 
PAF F-16B.

وقت الحظر (1991 - 2001)

 
Cessna Skymaster

Kargil war

عصر مكافحة الإرهاب


الهيكل

المقر الرئيسي

القيادات


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Training Establishments

Weapons Production Establishments

القواعد

المقالة الرئيسية: List of Pakistan Air Force bases

The PAF has 22 airbases of which 14 are flying bases and 8 are non-flying bases. Flying bases are operational bases from which aircraft operate during both peacetime and wartime; whereas non-flying bases conduct either training, administration, maintenance, air defence operations, or mission support.[8]

الأسراب

المقالة الرئيسية: List of Pakistan Air Force squadrons

هيكل الرتب

المقالة الرئيسية: Air Force Ranks of Pakistan
Structure of commissioned officer ranks:
قالب:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OF/Pakistan
Equivalent
NATO Code		 OF-10 OF-9 OF-8 OF-7 OF-6 OF-5 OF-4 OF-3 OF-2 OF-1 OF(D) and student officer
Abbreviation MAF ACM AM AVM Air Cdre Gp Capt Wg Cdr Sqn Ldr Ft Lt F Off P Off
Pay grade O-11 O-10 O-9 O-8 O-7 O-6 O-5 O-4 O-3 O-2 O-1
Structure of enlisted ranks:
قالب:Ranks and Insignia of Non NATO Air Forces/OR/Pakistan
Equivalent
NATO Code		 OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 OR-5 OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-1
Abbreviation CWO WO AWO Snr Tech – Cpl Tech Jnr Tech SAC LAC AC
Pay grade OR-9 OR-8 OR-7 OR-6 – OR-4 OR-3 OR-2 OR-2 OR-1
Civilian occupations

Special forces

المقالة الرئيسية: Special Services Wing

The Pakistan Air Force's Special Services Wing (SSW) is the branch's elite special operations fighting force. Originally coming into existence following the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, the SSW is heavily modelled off of the United States Air Force's Special Tactics Squadrons with some elements inspired by the United States Army Rangers. The unit remained active but saw little prioritization by the Pakistani military until after the Kargil War. In late 1999, the SSW was largely revived and restructured for active service and is currently fielding around 1,200 troops.[بحاجة لمصدر]

Women in the Pakistan Air Force

No nation can ever be worthy of its existence that cannot take its women along with the men. No struggle can ever succeed without women participating side by side with men. There are two powers in the world; one is the sword and the other is the pen. There is a great competition and rivalry between the two. There is a third power stronger than both, that of the women.[9]

— Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, c. 1947–1948

In its early history, women had been employed by Pakistan's armed forces—albeit in non-combat roles only. It was commonplace to find women serving in service branches such as the medical corps (as nurses or in other similar disciplines).[10] Aside from these exceptions, the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) had remained strictly all-male throughout its history, and women (as well as male youths under the age of 18) were prohibited from being deployed for combat, despite Muhammad Ali Jinnah's contradictory views on the subject upon Pakistan's independence.[11] However, since 2003, women have been allowed to enrol in the aerospace engineering program and others at the PAF Academy in Risalpur—including fighter pilot training programmes.[10][12] It has been stated that physical and academic standards are not compromised or exploited to favour women, and those who do not achieve the same performance as their male counterparts are immediately dropped from the course, however the level of enforcement of this rule is unknown. Within the structure of the PAF, a level of segregation between the genders is maintained in line with traditional views. For example, early-morning parades are performed together but some parts of training—mainly physical exercises—are done with males and females separated. According to Squadron Leader Shazia Ahmed, the officer in charge of the first female cadets in the PAF and a psychologist, this seems to improve the confidence levels of women.[13]

In 2005, it was reported that two batches in the PAF Academy's flying wing contained at least ten women, with many more in the engineering and aerospace wings. One such woman—Cadet Saba Khan from Quetta, Balochistan—applied after reading a newspaper advertisement stating that the PAF was seeking female cadets. She was one of the first four women to pass the first stages of flying training on propeller-driven light aircraft and move onto faster jet-powered training aircraft.[13]

In March 2006, the PAF officially inducted a batch of 34 fighter pilots which included the organization's first four female fighter pilots. Three years of training had been completed by the pilots at PAF Academy - Risalpur before they graduated and were awarded their Flying Badges during the ceremony. Certificates of honour were handed to the successful cadets by General Ahsan Saleem Hayat, then the vice-chief of the Pakistan Army, who acknowledged that the PAF was the first branch of the Pakistani military to introduce women to its combat units. One of the women, Flying Officer Nadia Gul, was awarded a trophy for best academic achievement. The other female graduates were Mariam Khalil, Saira Batool and the above-mentioned Cadet Saba Khan.[10] A second batch of pilots, including three female pilots, graduated from the 117th GD(P) course at PAF Academy - Risalpur in September 2006. The Sword of Honour for best all-round performance was awarded to Aviation Cadet Saira Amin, the first female pilot to win the award. Aviation Cadet Saira Amin also had won the Asghar Hussain Trophy for best performance in academics.[14]

ڤيديو خارجي
  A news report on the PAF's first operationally qualified female fighter pilots.
  An interview with Ambreen Gul. (Urdu)

In September 2009, it was reported that seven women had qualified as operational fighter pilots on the Chengdu F-7, the first female combat pilots to do so in the PAF's history. Commanding Officer Tanvir Piracha emphasized that if the female pilots "are not good enough as per their male counterparts, we don't let them fly." It was noted that some of the female pilots wear the hijab while others do not, as it is an optional exception to uniform standards should the woman wish to don one.[15]


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الأقليات الدينية في سلاح الجو الپاكستاني

Since its inception, religious minorities have been free to pursue careers within the Pakistan Armed Forces, with the exception of Hindus until 2001. Following its involvement in the global U.S.-led War on Terror, Pakistan released the Hindu minority in the country from the discriminatory law and granted them the same freedoms that were already present for their Christian, Sikh and other various counterparts.[16] Some notable religious minority figures in the Pakistan Air Force include: Air Vice Marshal Eric Gordon Hall, a Christian who served as the Base Commander of Chaklala Air Base during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. Air Commodore Nazir Latif and Group Captain Cecil Chaudhry (both Christians) fought in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and later helped establish the Combat Commanders School (CCS). Wing Commander Melvin Leslie Middlecoat was the Commanding Officer of No. 9 Squadron during the 1965 war, he and Squadron Leader Peter Christy fought and were KIA in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. Patrick Desmond Callaghan was another Christian officer who rose to the rank of Air Vice Marshal.[17] Wing Commander Ronald Felix has been a notable Christian pilot known for being the first to fly the jointly-built Chinese and Pakistani JF-17 Thunder fighter jet since 2010 and was one of two PAF pilots flying the JF-17 at the 2011 Izmir Air Show in Turkey.

In 2020, the Pakistan Air Force recruited Rahul Dev, a Hindu from Tharparkar, Sindh in a major breakthrough for the Hindu minority from this remote distant area of Sindh .[16][18][19] He was commissioned as a general duty pilot officer on 6 May 2020.[20]

القوات الخاصة

المقالة الرئيسية: جناج الخدمة الخاصة
 
PAF Special Services Wing carrying FN F2000 rifles while on training at the Fort Lewis, Wash. in USA on, July 23, 2007.

القواعد

المقالة الرئيسية: قواعد سلاح الجو الپاكستاني

يوجد عشر قواعد لسلاح الجو الپاكستاني:


الأسطول

المقالة الرئيسية: قائمة بأسطول سلاج الجو الپاكستاني
 
Pakistan Air Force JF-17 Thunder
 
Pakistan Air Force F-16A in flight over Lahore
 
Pakistan Air Force F-7P in flight over Lahore
 
PAF C-130 Hercules
 
Il-78
 
PAF Super Mushak Trainer
Current Aircraft
Pakistan Air Force Aircraft Fleet
Aircraft Inducted Attrition Current Role
 /  Chengdu JF-17 Thunder 10 0 10 Multi-Role (240 more planned)
  Chengdu J-10B Vigorous Dragon 0 0 0 Multi-Role J-10B 36 to be delivered in 2009 under the designation "FC-20"
  General Dynamics F-16A Block-15 Fighting Falcon 38 6 28 Multi-Role
  General Dynamics F-16B Block-15 Fighting Falcon 24 2 16 Training & Multi-Role
  General Dynamics F-16 C/D Block 52+ Fighting Falcon 0 0 0 Multi-Role 18 ordered(Deliveries in 2010) + 18 options [21]
  Chengdu F-7PG Skybolt 48 2 46 Interceptor [22]
  Chengdu F-7MP Skybolt 120 30 90 Interceptor & Ground-Support [23]
  Chengdu FT-7P Skybolt 15 0 15 Training[22]
  Chengdu FT-7PG Skybolt 9 0 9 Training[22]
  Dassault Mirage ROSE-I (Mirage-IIIO) (Refurbished: Ex-Australian)[24] 32 4 28 Interceptor
  Dassault Mirage ROSE-I (Mirage-IIIDP)[24] 5 1 4 Training & Interceptor
  Dassault Mirage ROSE-II (Mirage-VEF) (Refurbished: Ex-French)[25] 19 3 16 Strike & Ground-Support
  Dassault Mirage ROSE-II (Mirage-VDF) (Refurbished: Ex-French)[25] 6 0 6 Training & Strike & Ground-Support
  Dassault Mirage ROSE-III (Mirage-VEF) (Refurbished: Ex-French)[26] 14 0 14 Precision Strike
  Dassault Mirage-IIIEP 18 6 12 Interceptor & Ground-Support
  Dassault Mirage-IIIEL (Refurbished: Ex-Lebanese) 10+1DP 0 11 Interceptor & Ground-Support
  Dassault Mirage-IIIDA (Refurbished: Ex-Australian) 7 0 7 Training
  Dassault Mirage-IIIRP 13 3 10 Reconnaissance
  Dassault Mirage-VPA3 12 3 9 Naval Support
  Dassault Mirage-VPA2 18 3 15 Ground Support
  Dassault Mirage-VPA 28 2 26 Ground Support
  Dassault Mirage-VDPA2 2 0 2 Training
  Dassault Mirage-V (Refurbished: Ex-Libyan) 10 0 10 Interceptor & Ground-Support
  Nanchang Q-5/A-5C Fantan 52 12 40 Ground-Support & Tactical Strike (Currently being phased out).
  Shenyang J-5 Fresco 20 0 20 Fighter Conversion (Advanced Jet Training)
  Karakoram K-8 24 0 24 Basic & Intermediate Jet Training
  Cessna 172 50 ?? ??
  Ilyushin Il-78 2 0 2 Air Borne Aerial Refueling
  Super Mushak MFI-395 20 0 20 Primary Training
  Mushak MFI-17 80 0 80 Primary Training
  Dassault Falcon 20 2 0 2 ELINT/ECM
  Lockheed Martin C-130B/E 18 6 12 Medium-Lift Transport
  Antonov An-26 'Curl' 1 0 1 Medium-Lift Transport
 /  CN-235 4 0 4 V.I.P & Light-Lift Transport
  HAMC Y-12(II) 1 0 1 Light-Lift Transport
  Boeing 707 3 0 3 VIP Transport(expected to be retired by end of 2008-no longer used for VIP role)
  Fokker F-27 200 2 1 1 Light Transport
  Dassault Falcon 20 11 0 1 VIP Transport
  KJ2000 5 0 5 Airborne Warning and Control System
  Beechcraft Super King Air 1 0 1 Light Transport
  Lockheed L-100 1 0 1 Tactical Transport
  Airbus A310 1 0 1 VIP Transport
  Saab 2000 5(order)[27] 0 1[28] Airborne Early Warning
  Baaz[29] ?? ?? ?? Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
  Ababeel[29] ?? ?? ?? Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
  Uqaab[29] ?? ?? ?? Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)


الصيانة

 
AN/TPS-77 3D Long Range Radar

المستقبل

 
FC-20B
 
A F-16C Block 52+
 
A pair of JF-17 Thunders fly by during the National Day Joint Services Parade on 23 March 2007
 
SAAB-2000 Erieye
 
Harbin ZDK-03
الطائرة الرقم الاستنزاف حاليا الدور
  Chengdu FC-20 36 0 36 Advance Multirole & Air Superiority
  Lockheed Martin F-16 C/D 18 0 18 Advance Multi-Role
  Lockheed Martin F-16AM/BM 60 0 60 Multi-Role (44 Present)
  Dassault Mirage Rose Upgrade 60 0 60 Multi-Role (60 Present)
  PAC JF-17 Thunder 250 0 250 Multi-Role (8 Present)
  Chengdu F-7PG/T Skybolt-G 50 0 55 Interceptor ((55 Present)
  Saab Erieye 2000 AEW 5 0 5 Airborne Early Warning (1 Present)
 /  Harbin ZDK-03 AEW&C 5 0 5 Air Borne Early Warning
  Ilyushin IL-78 Airborne Refueling Aircraft 4 0 4 Airborne Aerial Refueling Tanker (2 Present)
  Lockheed Martin C-130B/E 30 6 24 Medium-Lift Transport (24 Present)
  CN-235 4 0 4 Light-Lift Transport (4 Present)
  Karakouram K-8 60 0 60 Intermediate Jet Trainer (40 Present)


انظر أيضا

ملاحظات

  1. ^ Barvarz, Fartash (2012). Islamic Atomic Bomb (google books) (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية) (1st ed.). Bloomington, Indiana, U.S.: AuthorHouse. p. 116. ISBN 9781426923661. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  2. ^ أ ب Iqbal, Saghir (2018). "(§Air Force)". Pakistan's War Machine (Google books (Paperback)) (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية) (1st ed.). New York, U.S.: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. p. 366. ISBN 9781986169424. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  3. ^ "Air Force Civilians". paf.gov.pk. ISPR Air Force. Archived from the original on 8 July 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2019.
  4. ^ "Pakistan Air Force - A Symbol of Pride for the Nation." Pakistan Air Force, 17 May 2020, Retrieved: 17 May 2020.
  5. ^ File:Pakistan Air Force Official Logo White Background.jpg
  6. ^ "A Hostile Middle East". 7 December 2020.
  7. ^ "Saudi-Pak relations are unique".
  8. ^ "PAF Active Bases" Archived 26 يونيو 2010 at the Wayback Machine PAF Official Website. Retrieved 28 February 2010
  9. ^ http://www.parc.gov.pk/index.php/en/quotes-of-quaid-e-azam "Quotes of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah"
  10. ^ أ ب ت Abbas, Zaffar (30 March 2006). "Pakistan gets women combat pilots". BBC News. Archived from the original on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
  11. ^ "Quotes of Quaid-e-Azam". www.parc.gov.pk. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  12. ^ Ghori, Umaima. "The Sword, The Pen and The Women in Pakistan's Counter-Terrorism Efforts". NAOC (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  13. ^ أ ب Abbas, Zaffar (11 May 2005). "Pakistan's first women fighter pilots". BBC News. Islamabad. Archived from the original on 2 September 2007. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
  14. ^ "Woman aviation cadet makes PAF hiory". Daily Times. Islamabad. 23 September 2006. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
  15. ^ "Pakistan's female fighter pilots break down barriers – CNN". CNN. 14 September 2009. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  16. ^ أ ب "The White of the Flag: Contributions of Non-Muslims for National Defense of Pakistan". Centre for Strategic and Contemporary Research (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). 6 September 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  17. ^ "The News International: Latest News Breaking, Pakistan News". The News International. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  18. ^ "Know All About Rahul Dev, First Hindu Pilot Appointed In Pakistan Air Force". ABP News. 5 May 2020. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  19. ^ "Rahul Dev: The first Hindu youth to join Pakistan Air Force". Devan Herald. 6 May 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  20. ^ "In a first, minority Hindu young man selected to become GD pilot in PAF". The Express Tribune. 6 May 2020. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
  21. ^ Northrop Grumman to Provide Pakistan Air Force with F-16 Fire Control Radar Systems
  22. ^ أ ب ت Aircraft Inventory
  23. ^ Pakistan News PakTribune.Com
  24. ^ أ ب ROSE-I: Retrofit Of Strike Element (ROSE) is actually the major (Avionics + Radar) upgrade that the PAF Mirage fleet under went during the 90s. ROSE-I includes upgraded cockpit instrumentation, Grifo-M Radar and weapons system reconfiguration. (BVR-able).
  25. ^ أ ب ROSE-II: This included the Sagem implemented MAESTRO Nav/Attack System. (Strike).
  26. ^ ROSE-III: This included the Sagem MAESTRO Nav/Attack and FLIR. (Precision Strike).
  27. ^ PAF inducts SAAB system into fleet -DAWN - National; April 04, 2008
  28. ^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة autogenerated2
  29. ^ أ ب ت Both UAVs are manufactured at Pakistan Aeronautical Complex in Kamra, Pakistan.

المصادر

وصلات خارجية

 
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