توشپان

Coordinates: 20°57′N 97°24′W / 20.950°N 97.400°W / 20.950; -97.400
"توشپام" redirects here. For الاستخدامات الأخرى, see توشپان (توضيح). For و, see توشپام (توضيح).
توشپان
Tuxpan
بلدية
أعلى: Tuxpan city skyline from Tuxpan River; Middle: Reforma Hotel, fountains at Downtown; Bottom: Cathedral of the Assumption, Tuxpan port facilities
Coat of arms of توشپان
Coat of arms
توشپان is located in Veracruz
توشپان
توشپان
Location of Tuxpan within the State of Veracruz
توشپان is located in المكسيك
توشپان
توشپان
Location of Tuxpan within Mexico
Coordinates: 20°57′N 97°24′W / 20.950°N 97.400°W / 20.950; -97.400
البلد المكسيك
الولايةڤيراكروز
المنطقةHuasteca Baja Region
Government
 • Municipal PresidentDaniel Cortina Martínez[1]
Area
 • Total
1٬061٫9 كم² (410�0 ميل²)
Elevation
10 m (30 ft)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
154٬600
 • Seat
89٬557
Time zoneUTC-6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
Websitehttp://tuxpanveracruz.gob.mx/

توشپان (Tuxpan أو توشپام Túxpam، والاسم الكامل Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano, for Enrique Rodríguez Cano[2]) is both a municipality and city located in the Mexican state of Veracruz. The population of the city was 89,557 and of the municipality was 154,600 inhabitants, according to the INEGI census of 2020,[3] residing in a total area of 1،051.89 km2 (406.14 sq mi). The municipality includes many smaller outlying communities, the largest of which are Alto Lucero (20,380 inhabitants) and Santiago de la Peña (8,178 inhabitants). A local beachside community is also nearby.

In the 1870s, a small colony of some hundreds of former Confederate (Southern U.S.) officers, soldiers and diplomats was established.[4]

أصل الاسم

Tuxpan or Túxpam, pronounced [ˈtuʃpan] in Nahuatl, the language of the ancient Nahuas, literally means "Place of Rabbits", a compound of tochtli "rabbit" and -pan "place".

التاريخ

Tochpan was a Huastec settlement. Local resources included wood (such as cedars), chicle, fish, shrimp, and tortoises. It is unclear which Aztec emperor conquered Tochpan, but at some point it was incorporated into the Aztec Empire and became the center of a tributary province that also included Papantla and probably Tuzapán. The province offered clothing, turquoise, jade, feather down, warrior costumes and chilies in tribute to either Tenochtitlan or Tetzcoco. The clothing, feathers and paper were given directly to the departing army. It also provided provisions for Moctezuma I's army. Nezahualcoyotl reportedly received clothing and palace servants from here.[5]

الاقتصاد

المقالة الرئيسية: ميناء توشپان

Being the nearest port to Mexico City, Tuxpan is an important commercial link for Mexican imports and exports. Tuxpan is now primarily a grain port, with emphasis on soybeans and maize. Off-shore links to oil pipelines are used to transfer petroleum products to and from tanker ships operated by Pemex, Mexico's state-owned oil company. As part of the Pemex operations and infrastructure in the city, a facility on the river manufactures and maintains oil rigs for use in the Gulf of Mexico.

الجغرافيا

The city is located on the banks of the Tuxpan River, which reaches the Gulf of Mexico 11 كيلومتر (6.8 mi) downstream.

التعداد التاريخي
السنةتعداد±%
1995 127٬622—    
2000 126٬616−0.8%
2005 134٬394+6.1%
2010 143٬362+6.7%
2015 161٬829+12.9%
2020 154٬600−4.5%
[3]


المناخ

Tuxpan experiences a tropical climate with warm winters and hot summers.

بيانات المناخ لـ Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (1951–2010)
الشهر ينا فب مار أبر ماي يون يول أغس سبت أكت نوف ديس السنة
القصوى القياسية °س (°ف) 41.0
(105.8) 		44.0
(111.2) 		45.8
(114.4) 		43.0
(109.4) 		42.0
(107.6) 		41.8
(107.2) 		41.8
(107.2) 		43.5
(110.3) 		48.8
(119.8) 		41.2
(106.2) 		41.8
(107.2) 		37.5
(99.5) 		48.8
(119.8)
متوسط القصوى اليومية °س (°ف) 25.0
(77.0) 		26.7
(80.1) 		29.2
(84.6) 		31.7
(89.1) 		32.7
(90.9) 		33.2
(91.8) 		33.0
(91.4) 		33.6
(92.5) 		33.1
(91.6) 		31.5
(88.7) 		28.7
(83.7) 		26.2
(79.2) 		30.4
(86.7)
المتوسط اليومي °س (°ف) 20.7
(69.3) 		22.1
(71.8) 		24.5
(76.1) 		27.0
(80.6) 		28.1
(82.6) 		28.7
(83.7) 		28.6
(83.5) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.4
(83.1) 		26.7
(80.1) 		24.1
(75.4) 		22.0
(71.6) 		25.8
(78.4)
متوسط الدنيا اليومية °س (°ف) 16.4
(61.5) 		17.6
(63.7) 		19.9
(67.8) 		22.3
(72.1) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.2
(75.6) 		23.8
(74.8) 		22.0
(71.6) 		19.5
(67.1) 		17.8
(64.0) 		21.3
(70.3)
الصغرى القياسية °س (°ف) 0.8
(33.4) 		7.0
(44.6) 		8.8
(47.8) 		9.0
(48.2) 		8.5
(47.3) 		11.5
(52.7) 		19.8
(67.6) 		14.0
(57.2) 		16.0
(60.8) 		9.0
(48.2) 		6.8
(44.2) 		4.5
(40.1) 		0.8
(33.4)
متوسط تساقط الأمطار mm (inches) 39.5
(1.56) 		50.0
(1.97) 		38.6
(1.52) 		54.1
(2.13) 		78.9
(3.11) 		207.5
(8.17) 		170.8
(6.72) 		179.9
(7.08) 		266.4
(10.49) 		132.2
(5.20) 		87.1
(3.43) 		50.6
(1.99) 		1٬355٫6
(53.37)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 8.4 7.3 7.4 6.8 6.7 12.0 13.1 13.9 14.0 11.2 8.0 8.6 117.4
متوسط الرطوبة النسبية (%) 81 83 82 82 77 82 82 80 82 83 85 86 82
Mean monthly ساعات سطوع الشمس 112 132 174 168 209 203 211 225 155 174 139 98 2٬000
Source 1: Servicio Meteorológico National (humidity 1981–2000)[6][7][8]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun, 1961–1990)[9][أ]

النقل

ميناء توشپان

انظر أيضاً: ميناء توشپان
ميناء توشپام
Port of Tuxpam
Tuxpan port facilities
خريطة
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Native name
Puerto de Túxpam
الموقع
الإحداثيات20°57′34.59″N 97°19′47.4″W / 20.9596083°N 97.329833°W / 20.9596083; -97.329833

Sometimes referred to as the "Puerto de Tuxpan", the port is able to handle supertanker-sized cargo ships. Due to increasing commercial shipping traffic in the city of Veracruz, Tuxpan is now the headquarters for the Mexican Navy's Gulf fleet. As such, it is the home port for several warships including three frigates named Allende, Abasolo and Victoria. These ships were originally Knox، طراز frigates built in the 1960s. They were purchased from the United States Navy in the mid to late 1990s after their decommissioning.

Tuxpan was also the port of departure for the yacht Granma that was used to transport Fidel Castro, his brother Raúl, Che Guevara and other fighters of the Cuban Revolution from Mexico to Cuba in 1956 for the purpose of overthrowing the regime of Fulgencio Batista. A small museum near the river has photographs and other related memorabilia.

التعليم

Biological and Agricultural Sciences Faculty at Tuxpan

Universidad Veracruzana has two campus in the city. The first, Biological and Agricultural Sciences Faculty opened in 1975 and offers careers related to the fields of Biology, Veterinary and Agricultural Engineering. The second one, the Accountancy Faculty offers careers related to administration and was opened in 1990.

بلدة توأم

المراجع

  1. ^ vcard. "Lic. Daniel Cortina Martínez". Tuxpan Veracruz (in الإسبانية). Retrieved 2026-05-29.
  2. ^ "Enrique Rodríguez Cano: Legado a 65 años de su fallecimiento". 9 June 2020.
  3. ^ أ ب "Tuxpan Census 2020" (PDF) (in الإسبانية). Retrieved August 1, 2023.
  4. ^ Kinney, Emily (2011). Leaving the United States for the "Land of Liberty": Postbellum Confederates in Mexico (MA Thesis) (thesis). University of Texas at Austin. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  5. ^ Berdan, Frances; Blanton, Richard E.; Boone, Elizabeth Hill; Hodge, Mary G.; Smith, Michael Ernest; Umberger, Emily Good (1996). Aztec imperial strategies. Washington, D.C: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. pp. 291–292. ISBN 9780884022114.
  6. ^ "Estado de Veracruz–Estacion: Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (SMN)". NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1951–2010 (in الإسبانية). Servicio Meteorológico National. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  7. ^ "Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Túxpam de Rodríguez Cano (SMN) 1961–1989" (in الإسبانية). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  8. ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1981–2000" (PDF) (in الإسبانية). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-04-25. Retrieved 6 May 2015.
  9. ^ "Station 76640 Tuxpan, VER". Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from the original on 2017-10-17. Retrieved 6 May 2015.

ملاحظات

  1. ^ Station ID for Tuxpan, VER. is 76640 Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration

وصلات خارجية

20°57′N 97°24′W / 20.950°N 97.400°W / 20.950; -97.400

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