ماركوس آنيوس ڤـِروس (جد ماركوس أورليوس)

ماركوس آنيوس ڤـِروس
ماركوس آنيوس ڤـِروس
Marcus Annius Verus
وُلِدَ	c. 50
توفي	138
المنصب	Consul (97, 121, 126); Praefectus urbi
الزوج	Rupilia Faustina
الأنجال	Faustina the Elder; Marcus Annius Libo; Marcus Annius Verus;

ماركوس آنيوس ڤـِروس (ح. 50 – 138 AD) was the paternal grandfather and adoptive father of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius, and father-in-law of the emperor Antoninus Pius.

السيرة

Verus was the son of an elder Marcus Annius Verus, who gained the rank of senator and praetor. The Annia gens was ancient. Its first known member is mentioned by Livy as praetor of Setia, in central Italy, for the year 340 BC; the branch of the Annii Veri settled in the colony of Ucubi (modern Espejo) near Corduba (modern Córdoba) in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica. The family came to prominence and became wealthy through olive oil production in Spain.^[1] He was close friends with the emperor Hadrian.

He was urban prefect of Rome and was enrolled as a patrician when Vespasian and Titus were censors. Verus was three times consul, the first time as a suffect in 97,^[2] then as ordinary consul in both 121 and 126. This is apparently the cause for a "very strange inscription, found on a large marble tablet excavated in the sixteenth century at St. Peter's in Rome" which alludes to this achievement while celebrating his skill "playing with a glass ball". Edward Champlin notes it was likely the creation of a friendly rival, Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus, who also held the consulate three times the last after Verus.^[3]

One explanation is that the whole thing is a joke, based on the connection between Verus' known passion for playing ball and the notion of the ball game as political juggling: an elegant, self-deprecating and rather bitter joke, one not wholly complimentary to Verus. The aged L. Iulius Servianus wrote the piece himself, and had it engraved on a marble slab - perhaps accompanying it with the statue of a toga-clad bear playing ball? - and had it delivered to M. Annius Verus on the Kalends of January, 126. When next they met, the two old men started to laugh heartily at the joke. Fantasy perhaps, but this is a very strange inscription.

He died in 138, aged nearly ninety. Marcus Aurelius says in his "Meditations": "From my grandfather Verus, [I learned] a kindly disposition and sweetness of temper".^[4] In his elder years, he had a mistress, of whom he expresses gratitude that "I wasn’t raised by my grandfather's mistress for longer than I was".^[5]

العائلة

تزوج ڤـِروس روپيليا فوستينا (ازدهرت في 90 م)، ابنة القنصل Libo Rupilius Frugi and probably Vitellia Galeria Fundania, daughter of emperor Vitellius.^[6]^[7] Frugi also had another daughter named Rupilia who was the grandniece of emperor Trajan. Verus had at least three children by Faustina:^[8]

Annia Galeria Faustina or Faustina the Elder, a future empress, who married the future emperor Antoninus Pius
Marcus Annius Libo, consul in 128
Marcus Annius Verus, father to future emperor Marcus Aurelius

Ronald Syme suggests, based on onomastic evidence, that they had a fourth child, a daughter Annia, who married Gaius Ummidius Quadratus Sertorius Severus.^[9]

After Verus the son died in 124, the elder Verus adopted, and, together with his daughter-in-law Domitia, raised their children.^[10]

Nerva–Antonine family tree

المراجع

^ Anthony Birley, Marcus Aurelius, a Biography (London: Routledge, 1987), p. 28
^ Fausto Zevi "I consoli del 97 d. Cr. in due framenti gia' editi dei Fasti Ostienses", Listy filologické / Folia philologica, 96 (1973), pp. 125-137
^ Champlin, "The Glass Ball Game", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 60 (1985), pp. 159-163
^ Marcus Aurelius, Meditations, i.1
^ Marcus Aurelius, Meditations, i.17
^ Rupilius. Strachan stemma.
^ Settipani, Christian (2000). Continuité gentilice et continuité familiale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines à l'époque impériale: mythe et réalité. Prosopographica et genealogica (in الإيطالية). Vol. 2 (illustrated ed.). Unit for Prosopographical Research, Linacre College, University of Oxford. p. 278. ISBN 9781900934022.
^ Birley, Marcus Aurelius, pp. 28f
^ Syme, "Ummidius Quadratus, Capax Imperii", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 83 (1979), p. 308
^ Birley, Marcus Aurelius, p. 31

مناصب سياسية
سبقه Gnaeus Arrius Antoninus II Gaius Calpurnius Piso بصفته Suffect consuls	Roman consul 97 (suffect) مع Lucius Neratius Priscus	تبعه Lucius Domitius Apollinaris Sextus Hermentidius Campanus بصفته Suffect consuls
سبقه Gaius Carminius Gallus Gaius Atilius Serranus بصفته Suffect consuls	Roman consul II 121 مع Gnaeus Arrius Augur	تبعه Marcus Herennius Faustus Quintus Pomponius Marcellus بصفته Suffect consuls
سبقه Quintus Vetina Verus Publius Lucius Cosconianus بصفته Suffect consuls	Roman consul III 126 مع Gaius Eggius Ambibulus	تبعه Lucius Valerius Propinquus Gaius Eggius Ambibulus

وصلات خارجية

Aurelius, Marcus (167). Meditations.
Birley, Anthony Richard (2000). Marcus Aurelius: A Biography (2nd revised ed.). Routledge. ISBN 0-415-17125-3.
"Matidia the Elder". Livius.org. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
"Faustina, Annia Galeria (1)". Fofweb.com. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 26 January 2007.
Rodgers, N. (2005). The History and Conquests of Ancient Rome. Hermes House. ISBN 1844773337.
"The Life of Marcus Aurelius: Part 1". Historia Augusta. Loeb Classical Library. 1921. Retrieved 27 June 2015.

[11] Sister of Trajan's father: Giacosa (1977), p. 7.

[giac8-12] Giacosa (1977), p. 8.

[lev161-13] أ ^ب Levick (2014), p. 161.

[14] Husband of Ulpia Marciana: Levick (2014), p. 161.

[giac7-15] أ ^ب Giacosa (1977), p. 7.

[DIR_hadrian-16] أ ^ب ^ت DIR contributor (Herbert W. Benario, 2000), "Hadrian".

[giac9-17] أ ^ب Giacosa (1977), p. 9.

[18] Husband of Salonia Matidia: Levick (2014), p. 161.

[Smith_Servianus-19] Smith (1870), "Julius Servianus".

[Smith_1870a_p._319-20] Smith (1870), "Hadrian", pp. 319–322.

[21] Lover of Hadrian: Lambert (1984), p. 99 and passim; deification: Lamber (1984), pp. 2–5, etc.

[22] Husband of Rupilia Faustina: Levick (2014), p. 163.

[lev163-23] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Levick (2014), p. 163.

[24] It is uncertain whether Rupilia Faustina was Frugi's daughter by Salonia Matidia or another woman.

[lev162-25] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث Levick (2014), p. 162.

[lev164-26] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث ^ج ^ح ^خ Levick (2014), p. 164.

[27] Wife of M. Annius Verus: Giacosa (1977), p. 10.

[28] Wife of M. Annius Libo: Levick (2014), p. 163.

[giac10-29] أ ^ب ^ت ^ث ^ج Giacosa (1977), p. 10.

[30] The epitomator of Cassius Dio (72.22) gives the story that Faustina the Elder promised to marry Avidius Cassius. This is also echoed in HA "Marcus Aurelius" 24.

[31] Husband of Ceionia Fabia: Levick (2014), p. 164.

[lev117-32] أ ^ب ^ت Levick (2014), p. 117.

[1] Anthony Birley, Marcus Aurelius, a Biography (London: Routledge, 1987), p. 28

[2] Fausto Zevi "I consoli del 97 d. Cr. in due framenti gia' editi dei Fasti Ostienses", Listy filologické / Folia philologica, 96 (1973), pp. 125-137

[3] Champlin, "The Glass Ball Game", Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik, 60 (1985), pp. 159-163

[4] Marcus Aurelius, Meditations, i.1

[5] Marcus Aurelius, Meditations, i.17

[Strachan-6] Rupilius. Strachan stemma.

[Settipani-7] Settipani, Christian (2000). Continuité gentilice et continuité familiale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines à l'époque impériale: mythe et réalité. Prosopographica et genealogica (in الإيطالية). Vol. 2 (illustrated ed.). Unit for Prosopographical Research, Linacre College, University of Oxford. p. 278. ISBN 9781900934022.

[8] Birley, Marcus Aurelius, pp. 28f

[9] Syme, "Ummidius Quadratus, Capax Imperii", Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, 83 (1979), p. 308

[10] Birley, Marcus Aurelius, p. 31

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