المعرفة

إركوت إم‌سي-21

(تم التحويل من Irkut MC-21)

إركوت إم‌سي-21 Irkut MC-21 هي طائرة ركاب نفاثة روسية قصيرة-لمتوسطة المدى بمحركين تتسع لما بين 150-212 مقعد ركاب. الطائرة MC-21 هي قيد التطوير من قِبل إركوت ومجموعة مكتب التصميم ياكوڤليڤ (UAC).[6] وكانت تُعرف سابقاً بالإنگليزية بإسم MS-21؛ روسية: МС‑21 "Магистральный Самолёт 21 века" – "ماگيسترالني ساموليوت 21 ڤيكا" – "طائرة القرن 21".

MC-21
MS-21-Model-1821.jpg
Model of the proposed MC-21-200
الوظيفة طائرة ركاب نفاثة بمحركين ضيقة البدن
بلد الأصل Russian Federation
المـُصـَنـِّـع United Aircraft Corporation
صممها Irkut Corporation and Yakovlev Design Bureau
الوضع In development[1]
العدد المبني 1[2]
قيمة البرنامج US$ 4.6 billion[3]
سعر الواحدة MC-21-200: US$ 72 million[4]
MC-21-300: US$ 91 million[5]

التصميم مبني على الطائرة ياكوڤليڤ ياك-242 ذات المحركين التي لم يتم تنفيذها كتطوير للطائرة ياكوڤليڤ ياك-42 ذات المحركات الثلاث.[7] وحسب تصريح حديث أدلى به نائب رئيس الوزراء الروسي دميتري روگوزين، فإن الاسم التسلسلي للطائرة MC-21 سيكون مرة أخرى ياك-242.[8][9]

الهدف من الطائرة هو استبدال توپوليف تو-154 و توپوليف تو-204/214 في الخدمة،[10] the MC-21 certification and delivery was initially planned by 2016,[11] but later delayed to the end of 2018.[12][13]

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التطوير

 
Assembly of prototype in January 2016
 
Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev attended the presentation of the MC-21 airliner

The initial design is to include composite materials (about 33%), increasing to 40-45% provided a composite wing is added in 2015. In March 2008, a contract was signed which will see Sukhoi Civil Aircraft Company, a subsidiary of Sukhoi Corporation, designing and manufacturing composite wings for the aircraft.[14] Engines supplied for the Russian domestic market will be the Aviadvigatel PD-14.[15][16] In December 2009, Pratt & Whitney announced that the Irkut Corporation had selected the PW1000G engine to power the MC-21.[17] On 20 August 2009, Hamilton Sundstrand, a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, announced they had signed a $2.3 billion deal with Irkut to supply systems for the MC-21.[18] Irkut also selected Rockwell Collins and its Russian partner Avionika to supply the MC-21's avionics.[19] Goodrich also a subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, along with Aviapribor, secured the mandate to develop an integrated control system for the MC-21.[20] The Interior will feature furnishings from Zodiac Aerospace, coordinated from C&D Zodiac in Huntington Beach, California. The Water and Waste Systems of the aircraft will incorporate innovations from Zodiac Aerospace in Carson, California.

The designer plans that the MC-21 will be 10-15% more efficient than Airbus and Boeing aircraft in the same class and it will have a 15% structural weight efficiency advantage, 20% lower operating costs, and 15% lower fuel consumption than the Airbus A320[14] with an initial target price of $35 million USD.[21]


التصميم

 
Mock-up of the flight deck featuring a HUD

The MC-21 is composite structure low-wing cantilever monoplane with a tricycle landing gear and powered by two wing-mounted turbofan engines. It has a glass cockpit with side-stick controls and an optional Head-up display. To meet a requirement to speed up turn-round time the 3.81m wide cabin has wider luggage racks than contempary types.

التنويعات

The baseline MC-21-300 is designed around 180 passengers in single-class configuration and will be followed by a 153-seat -200 with basic and extended-range models, plus a very-long-range MC-21-200LR. A larger 212-seat -400 version is taken under consideration. Initially, a smaller variant, MC-21-100, with a capacity of up to 132 passengers, was also proposed, but, in order to avoid competition with the Sukhoi Superjet 130, it was cancelled.[22] Cargo and business variants are also being considered.[1]

MC-21-200
Shortened version with up to 176 passengers.
MC-21-300
Standard model with up to 211 passengers.
MC-21-400
Planned stretched model with up to 230 passengers.

المواصفات

Specifications[23][24][25][26]
MC-21-200 MC-21-300 MC-21-400
طاقم القمرة Two
عدد المقاعد 176 (1-class, maximum)
156 (1-class, standard)
132 (2-class, standard) 		211 (1-class, maximum)
181 (1-class, standard)
163 (2-class, standard) 		230 (1-class, dense)
212 (1-class, standard)
178 (2-class, standard)
Seat pitch 82 cm (32 in) in (1-class, standard), 76 cm (30 in) in (1-class, dense)
الطول 36.8 m (120 ft 9 in) 42.3 m (138 ft 9 in) 46.7 m (153 ft 3 in)
Wingspan 35.9 m (117 ft 9 in) 36.8 m (120 ft 9 in)
Height 11.5 m (37 ft 9 in) 12.7 m (41 ft 8 in)
Fuselage width 4.06 m (13 ft 4 in)
Cabin width 3.81 m (12 ft 6 in)
أقصى وزن إقلاع 72,390 kg (159,590 lb) 79,250 kg (174,720 lb) 87,230 kg (192,310 lb)
أقصى وزن هبوط 61,650 kg (135,910 lb) 69,100 kg (152,300 lb) -
الحمولة القصوى 17,560 kg (38,710 lb) 22,600 kg (49,800 lb) -
سعة الشحن 31.1 m3 (1,100 cu ft) 48 m3 (1,700 cu ft) 70.1 m3 (2,480 cu ft)
أقصى سعة وقود 20,400 kg (45,000 lb) -
المدى بأقصى حمولة 6,400 km (3,500 nmi) 6,000 km (3,200 nmi) 5,500 km (3,000 nmi)
المحرك (x 2) Aviadvigatel PD-14A
Pratt & Whitney PW1428G 		Aviadvigatel PD-14
Pratt & Whitney PW1431G 		Aviadvigatel PD-14M
أقصى دفع (x 2) 123 kN
12,540 kgf; 28,000 lbf 		137 kN
14,000 kgf; 31,000 lbf 		153 kN
15,600 kgf; 34,000 lbf

الطلبات

Date Company Entering service Type Reference
MC-21-200 MC-21-300 MC-21-400 Options
1 September 2010 أيروفلوت 2016 50 0 [27]
21 July 2010 Nordwind Airlines — 3 2
21 July 2010 VEB Leasing — 15 15
18 August 2011 Ilyushin Finance Co. 2019 - 28 - 22 [28][29]
23 August 2011 Rostec 2017 15 35 - 35 [30][31]
16 September 2011 IrAero — - 10 - 10 [32]
27 August 2013 UTAir — - 10 - -
30 August 2013 Red Wings Airlines 2019 - 10 - - [33]
9 September 2015 القاهرة للطيران — 6 4 [34]
8 June 2016 الخطوط الجوية الأذربيجانية — 10 — [35]
الإجمالي 192 88

انظر أيضاً

طائرات شبيهة

قوائم ذات صلة

الهامش

  1. ^ أ ب MS-21 at uacrussia.ru
  2. ^ "MC-21 programme proceeds to assembly phase". Flight Global. 31 January 2014.
  3. ^ "Russia to Spend $4.6Bln on MS-21 Airliner". RIA Novosti. 13 February 2014.
  4. ^ "Irkut to build first MC-21 by year-end", Flight Global (Paris), http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/paris-irkut-to-build-first-mc-21-by-year-end-387399/ .
  5. ^ "MC-21 Roll Out". AirInsight. June 8, 2016.
  6. ^ "MS-21". UAC Russia. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  7. ^ http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/ms-21.htm
  8. ^ "MS-21 aircraft will be powered by another engine and its designation will be changed to Yak-242". Russian Aviation News. 24 October 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
  9. ^ "Russia to revive Yak-242 name for Irkut MC-21". Flight Global. 25 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2014.
  10. ^ "Russia's United Aircraft", Flight Global, 11 August 2009, http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/08/11/330688/russias-united-aircraft-reaches-maturity.html .
  11. ^ Семейство ближне-среднемагистральных пассажирских самолётов МС-21 (in الروسية). United Aircraft Corporation. Retrieved 18 December 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |trans_title= ignored (|trans-title= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "PICTURES: Irkut rolls-out MC-21 airliner in bid for single-aisle share". Flight International. 8 June 2016.
  13. ^ "Russia's MC-21 Rolls Out in Irkutsk". ainonline.com. 8 June 2016.
  14. ^ أ ب "Sukhoi wins bid to build wings for new MS-21 passenger plane". Moscow: RIA Novosti. 13 March 2008. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
  15. ^ Reed Business Information Limited. "Russia firms 'PD-14' domestic engine concept for MS-21". Retrieved 26 December 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  16. ^ Second borderline is behind
  17. ^ Pratt & Whitney PW1000G Engine Selected to Power Russia's Irkut MS-21 Aircraft Archive copy at the Internet Archive
  18. ^ Hamilton Sundstrand Announces $2.3B Deal With Irkut
  19. ^ Western next generation engines power to MS-21 and C919 selection at flightglobal.com
  20. ^ Reed Business Information Limited. "SINGAPORE 2010: Goodrich wins MS-21 flight control system deal". Retrieved 26 December 2014. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  21. ^ [1] 12 December 2006
  22. ^ Russia's United Aircraft to develop new twin-jet , FlightGlobal, 4 September 2012
  23. ^ MC-21 specifications at irkut.com (بالروسية)
  24. ^ MC-21 specifications at uacrussia.ru (بالروسية)
  25. ^ PD-14 engine family at avid.ru (بالروسية)
  26. ^ PW1000G Engine at pw.utc.com
  27. ^ "Aeroflot plans up to 50 MS-21s as part of effort to support Russia's airliner industry". Flightglobal.com. 1 September 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
  28. ^ ""Ильюшин Финанс Ко." займется продажей самолётов МС-21". aex.ru. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  29. ^ "MAKS: Ilyushin Finance orders 28 MS-21s". Retrieved 23 August 2011.
  30. ^ "Rostekhnologii and IFC sign for up to 135 MS-21s". Retrieved 23 August 2011.
  31. ^ Reed Business Information Limited. "Irkut". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 7 April 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  32. ^ "IrAero will acquire 10 MS-21s - News - Russian Aviation - RUAVIATION.COM". ruaviation.com. Retrieved 7 April 2015.
  33. ^ Reed Business Information Limited. "MAKS: Red Wings signs for Russian jets and Q400s". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 7 April 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  34. ^ Thomson Reuters Africa. "Russia's Irkut to sell six MC-21 airliners to Egypt's Cairo Aviation". af.reuters.com. Retrieved 11 November 2015. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  35. ^ Лысцеваwrote, Марина; 10:03:00, 2016-06-08 10:03:00 Марина Лысцева fotografersha 2016-06-08. "МС-21 впервые показали широкой публике!". Retrieved 2016-06-08. {{cite web}}: |last2= has numeric name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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