المعرفة

قائمة مقاطعات ولاية واشنطن الأمريكية

"List of Washington counties" تحوّل إلى هنا. لمطالعة counties named Washington، انظر Washington County (disambiguation). For the historical county in Washington, D.C.، انظر Washington County, D.C..
"قائمة المقاطعات في واشنطن" تحوّل إلى هنا. لمطالعة historical counties in Western Australia، انظر Counties of Western Australia.

ولاية واشنطن تتألف من 39 مقاطعة. The Provisional Government of Oregon established Vancouver and Lewis Counties in 1845 in unorganized Oregon Country, extending from the Columbia River north to 54°40′ north latitude. After the region was organized within the Oregon Territory with the current northern border of 49° north, Vancouver County was renamed Clark, and six more counties were created out of Lewis County before the organization of Washington Territory in 1853; 28 were formed during Washington's territorial period, two of which only existed briefly. The final five were established in the 22 years after Washington was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in 1889.[1][2]

مقاطعات واشنطن
Washington-counties-map.gif
الموقعState of Washington
العدد39
عدد السكان2,363 (Garfield) – 2,266,789 (King)
المساحة175 square miles (450 km2) (San Juan) – 5,268 square miles (13,640 km2) (Okanogan)
الحكومةحكومة المقاطعة
التقسيماتcities, towns, townships, Indian reservations

Article XI of the Washington State Constitution addresses the organization of counties. New counties must have a population of at least 2,000 and no county can be reduced to a population below 4,000 due to partitioning to create a new county.[3] To alter the area of a county, the state constitution requires a petition of the "majority of the voters" in that area. A number of county partition proposals in the 1990s interpreted this as a majority of people who voted, until a 1998 ruling by the Washington Supreme Court clarified that they would need a majority of registered voters.[4] No changes to counties have been made since the formation of Pend Oreille County in 1911, except when the small area of Cliffdell was moved from Kittitas to Yakima County in 1970.[5]

King County, home to the state's largest city, Seattle, holds almost 30 percent of Washington's population (2,266,789 residents of 7,785,786 in 2022), and has the highest population density, with more than 1,000 people per square mile (400/km2). Garfield County is both the least populated (2,363) and least densely populated (3.3/sq mi [1.3/km2]). Two counties, San Juan and Island, are composed only of islands. The average county is 1,830 square miles (4,700 km2), with 199,636 people.

Seventeen counties have Native American–derived names, including nine names of tribes whose land settlers would occupy. Another seventeen were named for political figures, only five of whom had lived in the region. The last five are named for geographic places.[6]

The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) code, used by the United States government to uniquely identify counties, is provided with each entry. The FIPS code links in the table point to U.S. Census data pages for each county. Washington's FIPS state code is 53.

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الحوكمة

انظر أيضاً: حكومة ولاية واشنطن
 
خريطة الكثافة السكانية لواشنطن

Counties provide a broad scope of services, including court operation, parks and recreation, libraries, arts, social services, elections, waste collection, roads and transportation, zoning and permitting, as well as taxation.[7][8] The extent of these vary, and some are administered by municipalities. Counties are not subdivided into minor civil divisions like townships; sub-county local government is only by incorporated cities and towns, as well as by 29 Indian reservations, while unincorporated areas are governed only by the county. There are 242 census county divisions for statistical purposes only.[9]

The default form of county government is the non-charter commission, with three to five elected commissioners serving as both the legislature and executive. Seven counties have adopted charters providing for home rule distinct from state law: King, Clallam, Whatcom, Snohomish, Pierce, San Juan, and Clark. Of these, King, Whatcom, Snohomish, and Pierce, four major counties on Puget Sound, elect a county executive. Councils in the other three charter counties appoint a manager to administer the government.[10] Voters may also elect a clerk, treasurer, sheriff, assessor, coroner, auditor (or recorder), and prosecuting attorney. Elections are nonpartisan in non-charter counties, but charter counties may choose to make some positions partisan, though all elections are by top-two primary.[10]


قائمة المقاطعات

هذه قائمة مقاطعات ولاية واشنطن في الولايات المتحدة:

المقاطعة
 الكود

 		مقر المقاطعة[11]

 		Est.[11][12]

 		تشكلت من[12][13]

 		أصل الاسم
 السكان (2022)
[14] 		المساحة
[11] 		الخريطة
مقاطعة Adams 001 Ritzville 1883 ويتمان جون أدمز (1735–1826), 2nd U.S. President[15] 0خطأ في التعبير: علامة ترقيم لم نتعرف عليها «,»..خطأ في التعبير: علامة ترقيم لم نتعرف عليها «,».20,961 &&&&&&&&&&&01925.&&&&&01٬925 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04986.&&&&&04٬986 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Asotin 003 Asotin 1883 Garfield County The Nez Percé name for Eel Creek[16] &&&&&&&&&&022508.&&&&&022٬508 &&&&&&&&&&&&0636.&&&&&0636 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&01647.&&&&&01٬647 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Benton 005 Prosser 1905 Yakima and پوكپKlickitat Counties Thomas Hart Benton (1782–1858), a U.S. Senator from Missouri[17] &&&&&&&&&0212791.&&&&&0212٬791 &&&&&&&&&&&01700.&&&&&01٬700 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04403.&&&&&04٬403 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Chelan 007 Wenatchee 1899 Okanogan and Kittitas Counties A Native American word meaning "deep water", referring to Lake Chelan[18] &&&&&&&&&&079926.&&&&&079٬926 &&&&&&&&&&&02920.&&&&&02٬920 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&07563.&&&&&07٬563 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Clallam 009 Port Angeles 1854 مقاطعة جفرسون A Klallam word meaning "brave people" or "the strong people"[19] &&&&&&&&&&077805.&&&&&077٬805 &&&&&&&&&&&01738.&&&&&01٬738 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04501.&&&&&04٬501 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Clark 011 Vancouver 1845 Original County William Clark (1770–1838), the co-captain of the Lewis and Clark Expedition[19] &&&&&&&&&0516779.&&&&&0516٬779 &&&&&&&&&&&&0629.&&&&&0629 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&01629.&&&&&01٬629 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Columbia 013 Dayton 1875 Walla Walla County The Columbia River[19] &&&&&&&&&&&04026.&&&&&04٬026 &&&&&&&&&&&&0869.&&&&&0869 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&02251.&&&&&02٬251 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Cowlitz 015 Kelso 1854 Lewis County Cowlitz, an Indian tribe[20] &&&&&&&&&0111956.&&&&&0111٬956 &&&&&&&&&&&01139.&&&&&01٬139 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&02950.&&&&&02٬950 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Douglas 017 Waterville 1883 Lincoln County Stephen A. Douglas (1813–1861), U.S. Senator from Illinois[21] &&&&&&&&&&044192.&&&&&044٬192 &&&&&&&&&&&01819.&&&&&01٬819 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04711.&&&&&04٬711 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Ferry 019 Republic 1899 Stevens County Elisha P. Ferry (1825–1895), 1st Governor of Washington[22] &&&&&&&&&&&07448.&&&&&07٬448 &&&&&&&&&&&02204.&&&&&02٬204 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05708.&&&&&05٬708 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Franklin 021 Pasco 1883 Whitman County Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), writer, orator, inventor, and U.S. Founding Father[23] &&&&&&&&&&098678.&&&&&098٬678 &&&&&&&&&&&01242.&&&&&01٬242 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&03217.&&&&&03٬217 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Garfield 023 Pomeroy 1881 Columbia County James A. Garfield (1831–1881), 20th U.S. President[23] &&&&&&&&&&&02363.&&&&&02٬363 &&&&&&&&&&&&0710.&&&&&0710 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&01839.&&&&&01٬839 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Grant 025 Ephrata 1909 Douglas County Ulysses S. Grant (1822–1885), 18th U.S. President[24] &&&&&&&&&0101311.&&&&&0101٬311 &&&&&&&&&&&02680.&&&&&02٬680 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&06941.&&&&&06٬941 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Grays Harbor 027 Montesano 1854 Thurston County Grays Harbor, a body of water named after explorer and merchant Robert Gray (1755–1806)[24] &&&&&&&&&&077038.&&&&&077٬038 &&&&&&&&&&&01902.&&&&&01٬902 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04926.&&&&&04٬926 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Island 029 Coupeville 1852 Thurston County Consists solely of islands, including Whidbey and Camano islands[25] &&&&&&&&&&086625.&&&&&086٬625 &&&&&&&&&&&&0209.&&&&&0209 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&&0541.&&&&&0541 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Jefferson 031 Port Townsend 1852 Thurston County Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826), 3rd U.S. President and principal author of the Declaration of Independence[25] &&&&&&&&&&033589.&&&&&033٬589 &&&&&&&&&&&01804.&&&&&01٬804 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04672.&&&&&04٬672 كم²)		  
مقاطعة King 033 Seattle 1852 Thurston County William R. King (1786–1853), U.S. Vice President under Franklin Pierce; officially renamed in 2005 after civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. (no relation) (1929–1968)[26] &&&&&&&&02266789.&&&&&02٬266٬789 &&&&&&&&&&&02115.&&&&&02٬115 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05478.&&&&&05٬478 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Kitsap 035 Port Orchard 1857 King and Jefferson Counties Chief Kitsap (d. 1860), leader of the Suquamish tribe[27] &&&&&&&&&0277673.&&&&&0277٬673 &&&&&&&&&&&&0395.&&&&&0395 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&01023.&&&&&01٬023 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Kittitas 037 Ellensburg 1883 Yakima County Yakama word of uncertain meaning, with popular translations ranging from "white chalk" to "land of the plenty"[27] &&&&&&&&&&045189.&&&&&045٬189 &&&&&&&&&&&02297.&&&&&02٬297 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05949.&&&&&05٬949 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Klickitat 039 Goldendale 1859 Walla Walla County Klickitat tribe, also meaning "robber" and "beyond"[27] &&&&&&&&&&023271.&&&&&023٬271 &&&&&&&&&&&01872.&&&&&01٬872 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04848.&&&&&04٬848 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Lewis 041 Chehalis 1845 Clark County Meriwether Lewis (1774–1809), the co-captain of the Lewis and Clark Expedition[28] &&&&&&&&&&085370.&&&&&085٬370 &&&&&&&&&&&02403.&&&&&02٬403 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&06224.&&&&&06٬224 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Lincoln 043 Davenport 1883 Whitman County Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865), 16th U.S. President[28] &&&&&&&&&&011601.&&&&&011٬601 &&&&&&&&&&&02311.&&&&&02٬311 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05985.&&&&&05٬985 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Mason 045 Shelton 1854 King County Charles H. Mason (1830–1859), 1st Secretary of Washington Territory[29] &&&&&&&&&&068166.&&&&&068٬166 &&&&&&&&&&&&0959.&&&&&0959 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&02484.&&&&&02٬484 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Okanogan 047 Okanogan 1888 Stevens County A Salish word meaning "rendezvous"[30] &&&&&&&&&&043127.&&&&&043٬127 &&&&&&&&&&&05268.&&&&&05٬268 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&013644.&&&&&013٬644 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Pacific 049 South Bend 1851 Lewis County The Pacific Ocean[31] &&&&&&&&&&024113.&&&&&024٬113 &&&&&&&&&&&&0933.&&&&&0933 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&02416.&&&&&02٬416 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Pend Oreille 051 Newport 1911 Stevens County The Pend d'Oreille tribe, named by French traders for their "ear bobs"[32] &&&&&&&&&&014179.&&&&&014٬179 &&&&&&&&&&&01400.&&&&&01٬400 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&03626.&&&&&03٬626 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Pierce 053 Tacoma 1852 Thurston County Franklin Pierce (1804–1869), 14th U.S. President[32] &&&&&&&&&0927380.&&&&&0927٬380 &&&&&&&&&&&01670.&&&&&01٬670 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04325.&&&&&04٬325 كم²)		  
مقاطعة San Juan 055 Friday Harbor 1873 مقاطعة واتكوم San Juan Islands, itself derived from Juan Vicente de Güemes[33] &&&&&&&&&&018662.&&&&&018٬662 &&&&&&&&&&&&0174.&&&&&0174 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&&0451.&&&&&0451 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Skagit 057 Mount Vernon 1883 Whatcom County The Skagit tribe[34] &&&&&&&&&0131179.&&&&&0131٬179 &&&&&&&&&&&01731.&&&&&01٬731 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04483.&&&&&04٬483 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Skamania 059 Stevenson 1854 Clark County A Chinookan word meaning "swift water"[34] &&&&&&&&&&012460.&&&&&012٬460 &&&&&&&&&&&01656.&&&&&01٬656 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04289.&&&&&04٬289 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Snohomish 061 Everett 1861 Island and King Counties The Snohomish tribe, word origin disputed[35] &&&&&&&&&0840079.&&&&&0840٬079 &&&&&&&&&&&02087.&&&&&02٬087 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05405.&&&&&05٬405 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Spokane 063 سپوكان 1879 مقاطعة ستيڤنز قبيلة سپوكان &&&&&&&&&0549690.&&&&&0549٬690 &&&&&&&&&&&01764.&&&&&01٬764 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&04569.&&&&&04٬569 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Stevens 065 Colville 1863 مقاطعة والا والا Isaac Stevens (1818–1862)، أول حكام إقليم واشنطن[36] &&&&&&&&&&048229.&&&&&048٬229 &&&&&&&&&&&02478.&&&&&02٬478 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&06418.&&&&&06٬418 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Thurston 067 Olympia 1852 Lewis County Samuel Thurston (1815–1851), the Oregon Territory's first delegate to U.S. Congress[37] &&&&&&&&&0298758.&&&&&0298٬758 &&&&&&&&&&&&0722.&&&&&0722 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&01870.&&&&&01٬870 كم²)		  
مقاطعة واكياكوم 069 كاثلامت 1854 مقاطعة كاوليتس واكاياكام، زعيم قبيلة كاثلامت[38] &&&&&&&&&&&04688.&&&&&04٬688 &&&&&&&&&&&&0264.&&&&&0264 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&&0684.&&&&&0684 كم²)		 خريطة الولاية توضح مقاطعة واكياكوم
مقاطعة Walla Walla 071 والا والا 1854 مقاطعة سكامانيا The Walla Walla tribe, also a Nez Percé name for running water[38] &&&&&&&&&&061890.&&&&&061٬890 &&&&&&&&&&&01270.&&&&&01٬270 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&03289.&&&&&03٬289 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Whatcom 073 Bellingham 1854 Island County Whatcom, chief of the Nooksack tribe and named for a Nooksack word meaning "noisy water"[39] &&&&&&&&&0230677.&&&&&0230٬677 &&&&&&&&&&&02107.&&&&&02٬107 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05457.&&&&&05٬457 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Whitman 075 Colfax 1871 Stevens County Marcus Whitman (1802–1847), a Methodist missionary[40] &&&&&&&&&&047619.&&&&&047٬619 &&&&&&&&&&&02159.&&&&&02٬159 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&&05592.&&&&&05٬592 كم²)		  
مقاطعة Yakima 077 ياكيما 1865 مقاطعة فرگسن (لاغية) قبيلة ياكيما، تعني "مياه هاربة]" or "big belly"[41] &&&&&&&&&0257001.&&&&&0257٬001 &&&&&&&&&&&04296.&&&&&04٬296 ميل²
(&&&&&&&&&&011127.&&&&&011٬127 كم²)		  


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أسماء سابقة لمقاطعات

Four counties changed their name between 1849 and 1925.

مقاطعات سابقة

During Washington's territorial period, Washington split off from an Oregon county, three counties were disestablished, and three split into separate territories.

  • Clackamas County, Oregon was established in 1844 and included the land south and east of the Columbia River until Washington Territory was formed in 1853, when the area was no longer organized as a county.[50]
  • Spokane County was established in Washington Territory in 1858 until it merged into Stevens County in 1864; it was reestablished in 1879.[51]
  • Missoula County was established in Washington Territory in 1860 until it split off with the Idaho Territory in 1863.[51]
  • Shoshone County, Idaho County, and Nez Perce County were established in Washington Territory in 1861, and Boise County in 1863, until they split off into the Idaho Territory in March 1863, leaving the current borders of Washington.[51]
  • Ferguson County, named for Washington legislator James L. Ferguson, was established on January 23, 1863, from Walla Walla County and dissolved on January 18, 1865. Yakima County was established in its place.[52][53]
  • Quillehuyte County was split from Jefferson and Clallam counties in 1868 and returned to those counties a year later before it could be organized.[54]

مقاطعات مقترحة

Several counties were proposed prior to or during the existence of Washington Territory and nine counties were proposed within the first 16 years of Washington's statehood, but none were established.

  • The representatives at the Cowlitz Convention of 1851 discussed a proposal to form Columbia Territory, which included a number of new counties in what later became Washington. The next session of the Oregon Territorial Legislature created only one of these counties: Thurston County (which was originally proposed as Simmons County).[55][56]
  • Buchanan County was proposed in 1856 as a division of Clark County.[57]
  • Proposed counties during Washington's early statehood included Big Bend (1891), Palouse (1891 and 1903), Sherman (1891), Washington (1891), Wenatchee (1893), McKinley (1903), Steptoe (1903), and Coulee (1905).[6]
  • Since the 1990s, there have been several proposals for county secession in Washington, largely from rural areas in the major counties of Western Washington. Cedar, Freedom, and Skykomish counties submitted petitions to secede from King and Snohomish counties in 1995 and 1996, with some support in the state legislature to put them to a public referendum.[4][58][59]

انظر أيضاً

المراجع

  1. ^ "Washington: Consolidated Chronology of State and County Boundaries". Washington Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. Newberry Library. Archived from the original on January 1, 2016. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
  2. ^ Smith 1913, p. 1 (As noted on p. 15, Pend Oreille County was not included in this tally because it was organized after the article was first published in 1909.)
  3. ^ "Article XI, Section 3: New Counties". Washington State Constitution. Washington State Office of the Code Reviser. Retrieved March 31, 2020.
  4. ^ أ ب Spencer, Hal (February 6, 1998). "New counties dealt major blow". The Spokesman-Review. Associated Press. p. B8. Retrieved March 31, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
    قالب:Cite court
  5. ^ "Area Transferred". Longview Daily News. Associated Press. September 22, 1970. p. 3. Retrieved February 10, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ أ ب Smith 1913, pp. 13–15
  7. ^ "Services". King County. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  8. ^ "County Services". Spokane County. Retrieved May 30, 2020.
  9. ^ "Washington: Basic Information". 2010 Census Gazetteer Files. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
  10. ^ أ ب "County Forms of Government". Municipal Research and Services Center. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
  11. ^ أ ب ت National Association of Counties. "NACo – Find A County". Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  12. ^ أ ب "Washington: Historical Borders". Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. Newberry Library. Retrieved May 22, 2021.
  13. ^ "County Population Totals: 2020-2022". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
  14. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 4
  15. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 9
  16. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 14
  17. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 25
  18. ^ أ ب ت Phillips 1971
  19. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 33
  20. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 41
  21. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 49
  22. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  23. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971, p. 57
  24. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  25. ^ Brodeur, Nicole (January 20, 2020). "Remembering fight to change county namesake". The Seattle Times. p. A1. Retrieved April 1, 2020.
  26. ^ أ ب ت Phillips 1971
  27. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  28. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 87
  29. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 100
  30. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 105
  31. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  32. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 124
  33. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  34. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 133
  35. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 138
  36. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 144
  37. ^ أ ب Phillips 1971
  38. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 158
  39. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 159
  40. ^ Phillips 1971, p. 163
  41. ^ Ott, Jennifer (July 1, 2008). "Chehalis – Thumbnail History". HistoryLink. Retrieved September 26, 2012.
  42. ^ "Chapter 77 (S.B. 297), Changing Name of Chehalis County". Session Laws of the State of Washington. 1915. p. 250. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  43. ^ Wilma, David (April 19, 2006). "Washington Territorial Legislature creates Sawamish (Mason) County on April 15, 1854". HistoryLink. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  44. ^ Wilma, David (July 27, 2006). "Slaughter County is renamed Kitsap County on July 13, 1857". HistoryLink. Retrieved March 16, 2012.
  45. ^ Smith 1913, pp. 7–8
  46. ^ Smith 1913, pp. 1–2
  47. ^ Holman 1910, pp. 3–5
  48. ^ Hanable, William S. (February 4, 2004). "Clark County — Thumbnail History". HistoryLink. Retrieved June 12, 2020.
  49. ^ "Oregon: Consolidated Chronology of State and County Boundaries". Oregon Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. Newberry Library. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  50. ^ أ ب ت "Washington: Consolidated Chronology of State and County Boundaries". Newberry Library. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
  51. ^ Becker, Paula (September 20, 2005). "Ferguson County is established on January 23, 1863". HistoryLink. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  52. ^ "Milestones for Washington State History – Part 2: 1851 to 1900". HistoryLink. March 6, 2003. Retrieved March 5, 2012.
  53. ^ Smith 1913, p. 11
  54. ^ Smith 1913, pp. 3–4
  55. ^ Meany 1922, pp. 11–12
  56. ^ Smith 1913, p. 7
  57. ^ Robertson, Kipp (March 8, 2019). "Splitting King County? Citizens fought to secede in the 90s". KING 5 News. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
  58. ^ Brooks, Diane (March 21, 1997). "House OKs Nov. vote on Skykomish County". The Seattle Times. Retrieved August 3, 2020.

الأعمال

وصلات خارجية

قالب:Washington places

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