خليج هانغتشو
خليج هانغتشو ( اللفظ الصحيح: خليج هانگ‌ژو الصينية المبسطة: 杭州湾؛ الصينية التقليدية: 杭州灣؛ پن‌ين: Hángzhōu Wān؛ هانگ‌ژو وو: Han-tsei uae�؛ Hangzhou Bay)، هو بوغاز بحر الصين الشرقي الذي تحدة مقاطعة ژى‌جيانگ وبلدية شانغهاي. نهر چيان‌تانگ يصب في هذا الخليج.
ويقع جنوب شانغهاي وينتهي عند مدينة هانگ‌ژو. ويضم خليج هانگ‌ژو العديد من الجزر الصغيرة التي تسمى معاً "جزر ژوشان."
ويـُعرف الخليج بوجود أكبر فورة مدية في العالم فيه، إذ يصل ارتفاعها 9 متر وتسافر بسرعة 40 كم في الساعة.
الخليج يعبره جسر خليج هانگ‌ژو، الذي شـُدَّت كابلاته في 14 يونيو 2007 واِفتُتـِح في 1 مايو 2008. وكان في حينها ثاني أطول جسر في العالم، فإنه يختصر الرحلة بين شرق ژى‌جيانگ وشانغهاي من 400 إلى 80 كيلومتر.
يبلغ عمق الخليج حاولي 15 متر أو أقل، لذا كل منطقة الخليج تعتبر ضحلة نسبياً.[1]
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المد والجزر في نهر چيان‌تانگ
The Bay is known for hosting the world's largest tidal bore, up to 9 meters (30 feet) high, and traveling up to 40 km (25 mi) per hour. Yanguan Town Tide-Viewing Park (盐官镇观潮胜地公园 Yánguān Zhèn Guāncháo Shèngdì Gōngyuán), on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay some 50 km east of the city of Hangzhou, is regarded as one of the best place to watch the Qiantang River Tidal Bore, especially on the 18th day of the eighth lunar month.[1][2]
جسور الخليج
The Bay was first spanned by the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, which was linked up on June 14, 2007, and opened on May 1, 2008. It is a long 35.7 km (22.2 mi) bridge carrying Invalid type: Ex expressway, three lanes each way, with two separate cable-stayed portions and a service center at the bridge midpoint. It runs across the mouth of Hangzhou Bay connecting the municipalities of Jiaxing and Ningbo in Zhejiang province. One of the longest bridges in the world, it cuts the trip between eastern Zhejiang and Shanghai from 400 to 80 kilometers (249 to 50 miles).
The second bridge crossing of the Bay is the Jiashao Bridge, located west of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, and completed in 2013. It stretches 10.14 km (6.30 mi) across the Qiantang River estuary and carries the Invalid type: Ex expressway, four lanes each way, over six consecutive cable-stayed spans supported by six tall pylons. The Jiashao Bridge connects Shaoxing on the south shore of the Bay to a point on the north shore of the Bay due south of Jiaxing and provides a more direct route for vehicle traffic between Shaoxing and Shanghai.
Another bridge is planned which will carry the Nantong–Ningbo high-speed railway.
منطقة خليج هانگ‌ژو العظيم
In 2018, the Zhejiang provincial government, following in Guangdong's footsteps, released ambitious plans for the Hangzhou Great Bay Area, aiming for a mega urban re-development schema that would double the economic output of the region by 2022 and develop a “world class” bay area in Zhejiang by 2035. The Great Bay Area, an economic and industrial belt centered around Hangzhou Bay, is home to about 40 million people and, as of 2017, accounts for 87 percent of the province's economic output. The challenge to Zhejiang's vision may be its interaction with Shanghai.[3]
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ملاحظات
المراجع
- ^ أ ب Li, Ying; Pan, Dong-Zi; Chanson, Hubert; Pan, Cun-Hong (July 2019). "Real-time characteristics of tidal bore propagation in the Qiantang River Estuary, China, recorded by marine radar" (PDF). Continental Shelf Research. Elsevier. 180: 48–58. Bibcode:2019CSR...180...48L. doi:10.1016/j.csr.2019.04.012. S2CID 155917795.
- ^ "Qiantang River Tidal Bore". rove.me. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- ^ Wang, Orange (May 2018). "Chinese province Zhejiang jumps on the Greater Bay Area bandwagon with its own ambitious regional blueprint". scmp.com. Retrieved 22 May 2020.