المعرفة

أزمة اللاجئين السودانيين 2023


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An ongoing refugee crisis began in Africa in mid-April 2023 after a large eruption of violence occurred in Sudan. By 24 April 2023 more than 30,000 people had fled the country.[1][2] These included diplomats and citizens as a whole. Several foreign citizens from, Somalia, Eritrea, Brazil, the United States, the United Kingdom, Kenya and Uganda.[3][4][5][6] Thousands more were reported to have been displaced mainly Khartoum civilians.[7] On 24 April 2023, several countries including Chad and South Sudan had reported several thousand civilians some coming by bus, walk or car in severely dangerous conditions.[8]

2023 Sudanese refugee crisis
جزء من 2023 Sudan conflict
التاريخ15 April 2023–present
الموقع

The vast majority of these civilians entered the neighboring country of Chad with the UN reporting most of these people came from Darfur and Khartoum, but thousands more moved to other countries. By 24 April 2023, The Guardian and the UN had reported (20,000 civilians) in Chad, (At least 10,000) in South Sudan and hundreds in Ethiopia and Egypt.[9][أ] Several people were reportedly stuck or displaced across the country due to the increase in violence and a humanitarian crisis which had affected 16 million civilians across the whole country.[10]

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Refugees before & Background

المقالة الرئيسية: 2023 Sudan conflict and Battle of Khartoum (2023)

On 15 April 2023, the RSF launched a surprise attack on multiple Sudanese Army bases across the country, including in the capital Khartoum.[11] At 12:00 (Central Africa Time), RSF forces claimed to have captured Khartoum International Airport, Merowe Airport, El Obeid Airport as well as a base in Soba. Clashes between RSF and the Army erupted at the Presidential Palace and at the residence of General al-Burhan, with both sides claiming control over the two sites.

In response, the Sudanese army announced the closure of all airports in the country. and the Sudanese Air Force conducted airstrikes on RSF positions in Khartoum with artillery fire being heard in different parts of the city.[12]


Refugees before the 2023 conflict

Before the conflict, thousands of refugees had fled Sudan during old conflicts, mainly it's civil wars or the wars in Darfur leaving millions of its citizens in other countries, these involved at least 400,000 Sudanese across the Chadian border and hundreds of thousands more in neighboring countries such as South Sudan and Egypt.[13][14]

Countries

Chad

On 15 April 2023, when violence struck Sudan. Chad reported thousands of refugees coming past the now closed border between the nation and Sudan. The following days the UN reported a massive amount of people crossing mainly from Darfur amounting to a staggering 20,000 people by 19 April 2023.[15] The UN announced later on that these people, mainly women and children lacked basic needs such as food and shelter reports also suggested that almost all people were women and children.[16]

South Sudan

On 24 April 2023, South Sudan's Renk County reported thousands of refugees seeking shelter in the country, they had estimated at least 10,000 people, primarily women and children who also lacked several basic needs.[17] They reported 6,500 people on Saturday, 3,000 on Sunday and at least 500 people on Monday, they reported several South Sudanese, Sudanese, Ugandan, Kenyan, Eritrean and Somali people.[18]

Egypt

On 23 April 2023, hundreds of civilians were reported to have arrived at the Egyptian border mainly in buses, with most of them again being women and children who had fled from war-torn cities. These people were given asylum and Egypt urged civilians to go to its land border crossing at Wadi Halfa or to Port Sudan for evacuation or safety.[19][20]

See also

الهوامش

  1. ^ References from The Guardian above state this

المصادر

  1. ^ Siddiqui, Mersiha Gadzo,Usaid. "Sudan updates: Army says foreign evacuations to begin". www.aljazeera.com (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ "South Sudan receives about 10,000 refugees fleeing Sudan fighting". The Times of India. 24 أبريل 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  3. ^ Agência (24 أبريل 2023). "Grupo de brasileiros preso em confrontos usa ônibus de clube para deixar Sudão | O TEMPO". www.otempo.com.br (in البرتغالية البرازيلية). Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  4. ^ News, A. B. C. "As Sudan ceasefire announced, some Americans still struggling to escape". ABC News (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  5. ^ "British citizens trapped in Sudan accuse government of abandoning them". The Independent (in الإنجليزية). 24 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  6. ^ "South Sudan receives about 10,000 refugees fleeing Sudan fighting". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). 24 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  7. ^ Burke, Jason; Salih, Zeinab Mohammed; Ahmed, Kaamil (24 أبريل 2023). "Sudan: thousands flee Khartoum as civilian casualties escalate". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  8. ^ Burke, Jason; Salih, Zeinab Mohammed; Ahmed, Kaamil (24 أبريل 2023). "Sudan: thousands flee Khartoum as civilian casualties escalate". The Guardian (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  9. ^ "UN says up to 20,000 have fled Sudan fighting for Chad". Le Monde.fr (in الإنجليزية). 20 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  10. ^ "Sudan: Clashes between SAF and RSF - Flash Update No. 5 (23 April 2023) - Sudan | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  11. ^ "Sudan: Army and RSF battle over key sites, leaving 56 civilians dead". BBC News (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). 15 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  12. ^ "Sudan: Army and RSF battle over key sites, leaving 56 civilians dead". BBC News (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). 15 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  13. ^ "UN says up to 20,000 have fled Sudan fighting for Chad". Yahoo Sports (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  14. ^ "Violence in Sudan's Western Darfur forces 2,500 into Chad: UN refugee agency | UN News". news.un.org (in الإنجليزية). 11 أغسطس 2020. Retrieved 24 أبريل 2023.
  15. ^ Ramadane, Mahamat (22 أبريل 2023). "UN agency in Chad expects more Sudan refugees". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
  16. ^ Presse, AFP-Agence France. "UN Says Up To 20,000 Have Fled Sudan Fighting For Chad". www.barrons.com (in الإنجليزية الأمريكية). Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
  17. ^ "South Sudan receives about 10,000 refugees fleeing Sudan fighting". The Times of India. 24 أبريل 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
  18. ^ "10,000 refugees flee to South Sudan as conflict rages". Hindustan Times (in الإنجليزية). 24 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
  19. ^ El-Din, Mai Shams (24 أبريل 2023). "Fear and exhaustion: A family's flight from Sudan to Egypt". Reuters (in الإنجليزية). Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
  20. ^ "Sudan fighting: On a bus to Egypt with Mario the pug". BBC News (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). 25 أبريل 2023. Retrieved 25 أبريل 2023.
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