قائمة سفراء الولايات المتحدة لدى إسرائيل
سفير الولايات المتحدة لدى إسرائيل هو ممثل رسمي لرئيس الولايات المتحدة لدى رأس دولة إسرائيل.
| سفير الولايات المتحدة لدى إسرائيل שגריר ארצות הברית לישראל the United States to Israel | |
|---|---|
 شعار وزارة الخارجية الأمريكية | |
| المرشـِّح | رئيس الولايات المتحدة |
| عيـَّنه | الرئيس with Senate advice and consent |
| مفتتـِح المنصب | James Grover McDonald كسفير |
| تشكيل | 28 مارس 1949 |
| الموقع | U.S. Embassy - Jerusalem |
Until 1948 the area that is now the state of Israel had been under British administration as part of the League of Nations/United Nations British Mandate for Palestine. On May 14, 1948, the British government unilaterally terminated the mandate. On the same day, the Jewish Agency, under future Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, declared independence and named the country Israel. The United States immediately recognized the nation and moved to establish diplomatic relations. The first U.S. ambassador commissioned to Israel was James Grover McDonald, who presented his credentials to the government of Israel on March 28, 1949.[1] The ambassador holds the title Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
The embassy of the United States in Israel is located at 14 David Flusser Street في القدس.
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السفراء وكبار البعثات
مصطلحات دپلوماسية أمريكية
بعد 1915، بدأت وزارة الخارجية الأمريكية في تصنيف السفراء as career Foreign Service Officers (FSOs) for those who have served in the Foreign Service for a specified amount of time.
مُعيـَّن سياسي Political appointee
A person who is not a career foreign service officer, but is appointed by the president (often as a reward to political friends).
مُعيـَّن Appointed
The date that the ambassador took the oath of office; also known as “commissioning”. It follows confirmation of a presidential appointment by the Senate, or a Congressional-recess appointment by the president. In the case of a recess appointment, the ambassador requires subsequent confirmation by the Senate.
قدم أوراق اعتماده Presented credentials
The date that the ambassador presented his letter of credence to the head of state or appropriate authority of the receiving nation. At this time the ambassador officially becomes the representative of his country. This would normally occur a short time after the ambassador’s arrival on station. The host nation may reject the ambassador by not receiving the ambassador’s letter, but this occurs only rarely.
مهمة منهاة Terminated mission
Usually the date that the ambassador left the country. In some cases a letter of recall is presented, ending the ambassador’s commission, either as a means of diplomatic protest or because the diplomat is being reassigned elsewhere and replaced by another envoy.
القائم بالأعمال Chargé d’affaires
The person in charge of the business of the embassy when there is no ambassador commissioned to the host country. See chargé d’affaires.
مؤقت ad interim
تعبير لاتيني يعني "في الوقت الحالي". انظر ad interim.
| الاسم | عـُيـِّن | قدّم أوراق اعتماده | انتهت مهمته |
|---|---|---|---|
| James Grover McDonald – Political appointee | March 18, 1949 | March 28, 1949 | December 13, 1950 |
| Monnett Bain Davis – Career FSO | February 1, 1951 | February 26, 1951 | Died at post December 26, 1953 |
| Edward B. Lawson – Career FSO | April 9, 1954 | November 12, 1954 | February 17, 1959 |
| Ogden Rogers Reid – Political Appointee | June 5, 1959 | July 2, 1959 | Left Israel January 19, 1961 |
| Walworth Barbour – Career FSO | May 11, 1961 | June 12, 1961 | January 19, 1973 |
| Kenneth B. Keating – Political appointee | June 22, 1973 | August 28, 1973 | Died in New York May 5, 1975[2] |
| Malcolm Toon – Career FSO | June 9, 1975 | July 10, 1975 | December 27, 1976 |
| Samuel W. Lewis – Career FSO | April 26, 1977 | May 25, 1977 | May 31, 1985 |
| Thomas R. Pickering – Career FSO | July 12, 1985 | August 6, 1985 | December 28, 1988 |
| William Andreas Brown – Career FSO[3] | November 22, 1988 | December 29, 1988 | January 7, 1992 |
| William Caldwell Harrop – Career FSO | November 21, 1991 | January 21, 1992 | May 7, 1993 |
| Edward Djerejian – Career FSO | November 22, 1993 | January 13, 1994 | August 9, 1994 |
| مارتن إنديك – معين سياسي | March 4, 1995 | April 10, 1995 | September 27, 1997 |
| Edward S. Walker, Jr. – Career FSO | November 10, 1997 | December 24, 1997 | January 23, 2000 |
| Martin Indyk – Political appointee | November 16, 1999 | January 25, 2000 | July 13, 2001 |
| Daniel C. Kurtzer – Career FSO | July 12, 2001 | July 18, 2001 | July 17, 2005 |
| Richard Henry Jones – Career FSO | August 2, 2005 | September 26, 2005 | April 27, 2008 |
| James B. Cunningham – Career FSO | June 30, 2008 | September 17, 2008 | ح. June 2011 |
| Daniel B. Shapiro – Political appointee | July 8, 2011[4] | August 3, 2011 | January 20, 2017 |
| ديڤد فريدمان – معين سياسي | 23 مارس 2017 | 15 مايو 2017 | January 20, 2021 |
| توماس نايدز – معيّن سياسي | 15 يونيو 2021 | 5 ديسمبر 2021 | الحالي |
List source:[5]
الهامش
- ^ "Israel". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
- ^ Ambassador Keating had departed Tel Aviv on March 31, 1975 for consultations on the reassessment of American policy in the Middle East and died in New York on May 5.
- ^ Brown was commissioned during a recess of the Senate; his nomination of May 24, 1988 had not been acted upon by the Senate. He was recommissioned October 2, 1989 after confirmation.
- ^ "Swearing-In Ceremony for Dan Shapiro, Ambassador to Israel". United States Department of State. Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
- ^ "Chiefs of Mission for Israel". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
انظر أيضاً
المراجع
- United States Department of State: Background notes on Israel
- This article contains material from the US Department of State's Background Notes which, as a US government publication, is in the public domain.