مكتبة فرنسا الوطنية
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF) is the National Library of فرنسا, located in باريس. It is intended to be the repository of all that is published in France. The current president of the library is Bruno Racine.
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| تأسست | 1368 |
|---|---|
| الموقع | باريس |
| المجموعة | |
| الحجم | 30 million items (14 million books and publications)[1] |
| الوصول والاستخدام | |
| تعداد المخدومين | 2,101,816 (باريس) |
| معلومات أخرى | |
| الميزانية | 254 million €[1] |
| المدير | Bruno Racine |
| العاملون | 2,700 |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | bnf.fr |
مكتبة فرنسا الوطنية إختصاراً (BnF)
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تاريخ المكتبة
The National Library of France traces its origin to the royal library founded at the Louvre by Charles V in 1368. It expanded under Louis XIV and opened to the public in 1692. The library's collections swelled to over 300,000 volumes during the radical phase of the French Revolution when the private libraries of aristocrats and clergy were seized.
Following a series of regime changes in France, it became the Imperial National Library and in 1868 was moved to newly constructed buildings on the Rue de Richelieu designed by Henri Labrouste. By 1896, the library had become the largest repository of books in the world, but it has since been surpassed by other libraries for that title.[2]
مباني جديدة
On 14 July 1988, President François Mitterrand announced the construction and the expansion of one of the largest and most modern libraries in the world, intended to cover all fields of knowledge, and designed to be accessible to all, using the most modern data transfer technologies, which could be consulted from a distance, and which would collaborate with other European buildings. The library does maintain a wireless network. In July 1989, the services of the architectural firm of Dominique Perrault were retained. The construction was carried out by Bouygues.[3] After the move of the major collections from the rue de Richelieu, the National Library of France opened to the public on 20 December 1995. It contains more than twenty million volumes.
The library retains the use of the rue de Richelieu complex for some of its collections.
مهمة المكتبة
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The National Library of France is a public establishment under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture. Its mission is to constitute collections, especially the copies of works published in France that must, by law, be deposited there, conserve them, and make them available to the public. It produces a reference catalogue, cooperates with other national and international establishments, and participates in research programs.
مخطوطات يونانية
The library holds about 5,000 Greek manuscripts, which are divided into three fonds: fonds grec, fonds Coislin, and supplément grec.
Gallica
Gallica, the digital library for online users, was established in 1997. As of August 2009, Gallica made available on the Web about: 120,000 scanned volumes, 65,000 full-text volumes, 1000 audio documents, and 110,000 images.
أنظر أيضاً
مراجع
- ^ أ ب "La BnF en chiffres".
- ^ Dunton, Larkin (1896). The World and Its People. Silver, Burdett. p. 38.
- ^ Bouygues website: Bibliothèque nationale de France
- ^ New York Public Library, NYPL Digital Visiting Fellow, 2000.
- Riding, Alan. "France Detects a Cultural Threat in Google," New York Times. April 11, 2005.
روابط خارجية
| Bibliothèque nationale de France
]]. | Gallica
]].- BnF website (إنگليزية)
- BnF website (بالفرنسية)
- Gallica, BnF's digital library (إنگليزية)
- Gallica, BnF's digital library (بالفرنسية)