شيروان، أذربيجان
شيروان (آذربيجاني: Şirvan؛ إنگليزية: Shirvan) هي مدينة في أذربيجان، وتقع على نهر كورا. وتشكل المدينة أحد التقسيمات الادارية في أذربيجان. واسمها القديم بالعربية: "شاه وردي". It was called Zubovka until 1938 and Alibayramli until 2008. From 1938 to 1954, Shirvan possessed the status of a village. It obtained the status of a city of Republican level on January 4, 1963. The territory of the Shirvan is 72.7 km2, and the population is 87,400 according to the 2020 census. Population density is 1226 persons per 1 km2. The city also includes the settlement of Hajigarahmanly and Bairamly. 98.5% of the population are Azerbaijani, while others - Russians, Ukrainians, Tatars, Turks, and other natives.[3]
شيروان
Şirvan | |
|---|---|
 لافتة طريق على مدخل مدينة شيروان | |
 Seal | |
  شيروان موقع شيروان | |
| الإحداثيات: 39°55′55″N 48°55′13″E / 39.93194°N 48.92028°E | |
| البلد |  أذربيجان |
| المدينة | شيروان |
| الحكومة | |
| • العمدة | مردان جمالوڤ |
| المساحة | |
| • الإجمالي | 72٫7 كم² (28٫1 ميل²) |
| المنسوب | 12 m (42 ft) |
| التعداد (2010)[2] | |
| • الإجمالي | 81٬200 |
| منطقة التوقيت | UTC+4 (AZT) |
| • الصيف (التوقيت الصيفي) | UTC+5 (AZT) |
| مفتاح الهاتف | +994 2121 |
| الموقع الإلكتروني | http://www.shirvan-ih.gov.az |
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التاريخ
Shirvan originally was the name of Caucasian Zone (From north of Kura river of modern Azerbaijan areas) from 809 A.D till nowadays. But the city Shirvan originated in the 19th century as the Russian resettlement village Zubovka, named in honor of Valerian Zubov, while it was known locally as Qarachukhar.[4] Throughout history, Şirvan changed its name a few times.
In 1796, a special military squad led by General Zubov entered Azerbaijan. Yekaterina showed great interest in this march. 30 thousand troops were given to General Zubov's army. The rally began in St. Petersburg in the church, and the priests blessed the supreme commander and the Russian-Cossack forces.
General Zubov, who successfully progressed in Azerbaijan, named the village Yekaterinaserd. Two thousand Russian Kazaks were transferred here as the first event. They were equipped with military and agricultural tools. They would plant or harvest crops and caterpillars, and they would use the weapon as they wanted.[5]
The city was called Zubovka prior to 1938, then was renamed Ali Bayramli in honor of Ali Bayramov from 1938 to 2008.[6]
The city was renamed to 'Şirvan' by the decision of the Parliament of Azerbaijan on April 25, 2008.[7][8] 'Shirvan' appears to be derived from Shīr (فارسية: شیر, 'Lion').[9]
Throughout its history, Shirvan has suffered from floods because of its proximity to the river and the relatively low elevation of most of the town.[10]
الاقتصاد
Timurid mausoleum of Shirvan The city is the oil center of the Shirvan region, which at one time gave a significant part of the liquid fuel produced onshore. Engineering enterprises, the light and food industry have been developed in the city. In addition, the railway junction passes through the city.
Oil and gas production and the fuel and energy complex as a whole have been and remain the basis of the city's economy. As before, today about 90% of the gross output in the city falls to this industry.
الحفريات الأثرية
The archaeological samples found in the vicinity of the town testify to the settlement of these lands in ancient times. On the territory on which Shirvan is located, once passed caravan routes. During archaeological excavations in 2 km from the city, in the lower part of Mishovdag, the remains of a 14th-century urban settlement were discovered. Found in the craft districts of this city, 12 pottery furnaces have been preserved in very good condition. Also here were found various objects of everyday life, and ornaments of folk crafts, carpet weaving, stone carvings and jewellery craft were preserved.[11]
الجغرافيا
Shirvan is located on the left bank of the river Kura, on the Shirvan plain, on the transport junction. The largest in Europe Shirvan GRES is open in the city. The Shirvan Children's Music School has existed for more than 40 years. Situated in the east of the Kura lowland, on the left bank of the Kura, the young city of Shirvan was founded in 1954 in connection with the discovery of the Kurovdag oil field.[11]
المناخ
The summer months are typically dry and very hot due to Şirvan's semi-desert climate. The temperature can rise to 44 °C often resulting in moderate drought conditions. In contrast, winter is cool but not severe, rarely going below -6 °C.[12]
| Season | Autumn | Winter | Spring | Summer | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | |
| Average maximum | °C | 26 | 19 | 13 | 8 | 6 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 23 | 28 | 31 |
| Average temperature | °C | 22 | 16 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 14 | 19 | 24 | 27 |
| Average minimum | °C | 17 | 11 | 6 | 2 | -1 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 21 |
| Fog | Days | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Precipitation level | mm | 17 | 37 | 33 | 25 | 23 | 40 | 32 | 33 | 28 | 20 | 5 |
| Humidity | % | 69 | 77 | 68 | 76 | 78 | 80 | 74 | 70 | 66 | 61 | 57 |
| Wind | km/h | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
| Longitude of the day | hours | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 15 | 16 | 15 |
| Dew point | °C | 16 | 12 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 8 | 13 | 16 | 18 |
| Sum of active temperatures | °C | 369 | 186 | 66 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 117 | 279 | 417 | 521 |
| Solar radiation | Mj/m2 | 15 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 17 | 20 | 22 | 2 |
التقسيمات الإدارية
The municipality of Shirvan consists of the city of Shirvan and the municipalities of Bayramly, Chilpagly and Haji Gahramanly.[14] The mayor, presently Mardan Jamalov, embodies the executive power of the city.[15]
الديموغرافيا
- التعداد: 81.200
- آذريون 68.652 (99.7%)[بحاجة لمصدر]
- تورك مسخيت 207 (0.3%)[بحاجة لمصدر]
المواصلات
تتمتع مدينة شيروان بمنظومة نقل حضرية ضخمة، معظمها تحت إدارة وزارة المواصلات.
التعليم
مشاهير المدينة
أشهر سكان المدينة:
- فريدة محمدوڤا، مؤرخة
- صمدآغا شيخلاروڤ، لاعب كرة قدم
- أوكسانا رسولوڤا، راقصة.
المصادر
- ^ "Ali Bayramli (Shirvan), Azerbaijan Page". Retrieved 2008-07-03.
- ^ World Gazetteer: Azerbaijan – World-Gazetteer.com
- ^ ПРЕЗИДИУМ ВЕРХОВНОГО СОВЕТА АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОЙ ССР (1961). АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКАЯ ССР АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЕ ДЕЛЕНИЕ. Баку: Азербаиджанское Государственное Издательство. p. 8.
- ^ "Russian encyclopedia: Ali Bayramly". dic.academic.ru (in الروسية). Retrieved 16 November 2014.
- ^ "VAHİD MƏRKƏZLƏŞDİRİLMİŞ KİTABXANA PORTALI". shirvan.cls.az. Retrieved 2018-09-14.
- ^ "Şirvana şəhər statusu verilməsinin 50 illiyi qeyd olundu". ctv.az (in الأذربيجانية). Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
- ^ "Изменились названия двух городов Азербайджана" [Names of two cities of Azerbaijan changed]. 1news.az - Последние новости Азербайджана (in الروسية). 2008-04-25. Archived from the original on February 11, 2012.
- ^ One of Azerbaijani Big Cities to be Renamed[dead link]
- ^ Heptner, V. G.; Sludskij, A. A. (1992) [1972]. "Lion". Mlekopitajuščie Sovetskogo Soiuza. Moskva: Vysšaia Škola [Mammals of the Soviet Union. Volume II, Part 2. Carnivora (Hyaenas and Cats)]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation. pp. 82–95.
- ^ "Over 40 schools suspend lessons due to floods in Azerbaijani region". en.trend.az. Archived from the original on 19 July 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2014.
- ^ أ ب GoMap. "Ширван, Азербайджан". gomap.az. Retrieved 2018-09-14.
- ^ "Xəta 404 - Səhifə tapılmadı!". Azərbaycan Respublikası Mədəniyyət Nazirliyi.
- ^ "Город Ширван - Азербайджан - Цены, Туры, Авиабилеты, Отели, Климат, Достопримечательности". www.unipage.net (in الروسية). Retrieved 2018-09-14.
- ^ "Sumqayıt İnzibati-İqtisadi Məhkəməsinin yeni binası". courts.gov.az (in الأذربيجانية). Retrieved 12 November 2014.
- ^ "İcra hakimiyyətinin başçısı". shirvan-ih.gov.az (in الأذربيجانية). Retrieved 18 November 2014.
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