قالب:معدلات الإنتاج ومعدلات الإفراز ومعدلات الإزالة ومستويات الدم لهرمونات الجنس الرئيسية

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معدلات الإنتاج ومعدلات الإفراز ومعدلات الإزالة والمستويات بالدم لهرمونات الجنس
جنس	هرمون الجنس	الطور التناسلي	معدل الإنتاج بالدم	معدل الإفراز بغدد التناسل	معدل الإزالة الأيضي	النطاق المرجعي (مستويات المصل)
جنس	هرمون الجنس	الطور التناسلي	معدل الإنتاج بالدم	معدل الإفراز بغدد التناسل	معدل الإزالة الأيضي	وحدات SI	وحدات بغير SI
رجال	Androstenedione	–	2.8 mg/day	1.6 mg/day	2200 L/day	2.8–7.3 nmol/L	80–210 ng/dL
	تستوستيرون	–	6.5 mg/day	6.2 mg/day	950 L/day	6.9–34.7 nmol/L	200–1000 ng/dL
	إسترون	–	150 μg/day	110 μg/day	2050 L/day	37–250 pmol/L	10–70 pg/mL
	إستراديول	–	60 μg/day	50 μg/day	1600 L/day	<37–210 pmol/L	10–57 pg/mL
	Estrone sulfate	–	80 μg/day	Insignificant	167 L/day	600–2500 pmol/L	200–900 pg/mL
نساء	Androstenedione	–	3.2 mg/day	2.8 mg/day	2000 L/day	3.1–12.2 nmol/L	89–350 ng/dL
	تستوستيرون	–	190 μg/day	60 μg/day	500 L/day	0.7–2.8 nmol/L	20–81 ng/dL
	Estrone	Follicular phase	110 μg/day	80 μg/day	2200 L/day	110–400 pmol/L	30–110 pg/mL
		Luteal phase	260 μg/day	150 μg/day	2200 L/day	310–660 pmol/L	80–180 pg/mL
		Postmenopause	40 μg/day	Insignificant	1610 L/day	22–230 pmol/L	6–60 pg/mL
	إستراديول	Follicular phase	90 μg/day	80 μg/day	1200 L/day	<37–360 pmol/L	10–98 pg/mL
		Luteal phase	250 μg/day	240 μg/day	1200 L/day	699–1250 pmol/L	190–341 pg/mL
		Postmenopause	6 μg/day	Insignificant	910 L/day	<37–140 pmol/L	10–38 pg/mL
	Estrone sulfate	Follicular phase	100 μg/day	Insignificant	146 L/day	700–3600 pmol/L	250–1300 pg/mL
	Estrone sulfate	Luteal phase	180 μg/day	Insignificant	146 L/day	1100–7300 pmol/L	400–2600 pg/mL
	Progesterone	Follicular phase	2 mg/day	1.7 mg/day	2100 L/day	0.3–3 nmol/L	0.1–0.9 ng/mL
	Progesterone	Luteal phase	25 mg/day	24 mg/day	2100 L/day	19–45 nmol/L	6–14 ng/mL
ملاحظات ومصادر Notes: "The concentration of a steroid in the circulation is determined by the rate at which it is secreted from glands, the rate of metabolism of precursor or prehormones into the steroid, and the rate at which it is extracted by tissues and metabolized. The secretion rate of a steroid refers to the total secretion of the compound from a gland per unit time. Secretion rates have been assessed by sampling the venous effluent from a gland over time and subtracting out the arterial and peripheral venous hormone concentration. The metabolic clearance rate of a steroid is defined as the volume of blood that has been completely cleared of the hormone per unit time. The production rate of a steroid hormone refers to entry into the blood of the compound from all possible sources, including secretion from glands and conversion of prohormones into the steroid of interest. At steady state, the amount of hormone entering the blood from all sources will be equal to the rate at which it is being cleared (metabolic clearance rate) multiplied by blood concentration (production rate = metabolic clearance rate × concentration). If there is little contribution of prohormone metabolism to the circulating pool of steroid, then the production rate will approximate the secretion rate." Sources: ^[1]^[2]

Template documentation

المراجع

^ Strauss, Jerome F. (2013). "The Synthesis and Metabolism of Steroid Hormones". In Jerome F. Strauss; Robert L. Barbieri (eds.). Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management (7 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 66–92. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2758-2.00004-4. ISBN 978-1-4557-2758-2.
^ Strauss, Jerome F.; FitzGerald, Garret A. (2019). "Steroid Hormones and Other Lipid Molecules Involved in Human Reproduction". In Jerome F. Strauss; Robert L. Barbieri (eds.). Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management (8 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 75–114. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-47912-7.00004-4. ISBN 978-0-323-58232-2.

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[StraussBarbieri2013-1] Strauss, Jerome F. (2013). "The Synthesis and Metabolism of Steroid Hormones". In Jerome F. Strauss; Robert L. Barbieri (eds.). Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management (7 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 66–92. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4557-2758-2.00004-4. ISBN 978-1-4557-2758-2.

[StraussBarbieri2019-2] Strauss, Jerome F.; FitzGerald, Garret A. (2019). "Steroid Hormones and Other Lipid Molecules Involved in Human Reproduction". In Jerome F. Strauss; Robert L. Barbieri (eds.). Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management (8 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 75–114. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-47912-7.00004-4. ISBN 978-0-323-58232-2.

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