هولي

Explanatory note
	Hindu festival dates The Hindu calendar is lunisolar but most festival dates are specified using the lunar portion of the calendar. A lunar day is uniquely identified by three calendar elements: māsa (lunar month), pakṣa (lunar fortnight) and tithi (lunar day). Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. amānta / pūrṇimānta. Iff a festival falls in the waning phase of the moon, these two traditions identify the same lunar day as falling in two different (but successive) masa. A lunar year is shorter than a solar year by about eleven days. As a result, most Hindu festivals occur on different days in successive years on the Gregorian calendar.
	v; t; e;

هولي
Holi
هولي ; Holi
	Krishna playing Holi with Radha and other gopis
يُحتفى به	Hindus, Sikhs, Jains, Newar Buddhists, and others
النوع	Religious, cultural, spring festival
الاحتفالات	Night after Holika Dahan, Kama Dahan; On Holi: spraying coloured dye, playing with coloured powder, dancing, greetings, festival delicacies
التاريخ	māsa (amānta) / māsa (purnimānta), pakṣa, tithi
التكرار	Annual

"Basanta Utsav" و "Holli" يـُحوّلا إلى هنا. للاستخدامات الأخرى, انظر the film (توضيح).

هولي (النطق: /ˈhəʊliː/) هو مهرجان هندوسي قديم شهير،^[1]^[9] يُعرف أيضًا باسم مهرجان الربيع أو مهرجان الألوان أو مهرجان الحب.^[1]^[10]^[11] يحتفل المهرجان بالحب الأبدي والإلهي لرادها كريشنا.^[12]^[13] كما يدل على انتصار الخير على الشر،^[14]^[15] حيث تحتفل بانتصار اللورد ڤشنو باسمناراسيمها نارايانا على هيرانياكاشبو.^[16]^[17] نشأ ويحتفل به في الغالب في شبه القارة الهندية ولكنه انتشر أيضاً إلى مناطق أخرى من آسيا وأجزاء من العالم الغربي عبر جنوب آسيا في الشتات.

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الأهمية الثقافية

Holika bonfire in front of Jagdish Temple in Udaipur, Rajasthan, 2010.

رادها كريشنا

Radha Krishna playing Holi

ڤيشنو

كاما وراتي

الديانات الهندية الأخرى

The Mughal Indian emperor Jahangir celebrating Holi with ladies of the zenana.

الوصف

Radha and the Gopis celebrating Holi, with accompaniment of music instruments.

التاريخ والطقوس

هوليكا دهان

التحضير

نار

Taking a selfie while playing Holi.

اللعب بالألوان

الاختلافات الأخرى

في وقت لاحق من اليوم

الأسماء الإقليمية والطقوس والاحتفالات

The Holi Festival in March 2013 at the Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple in Utah County, Utah.

Holi (هندي: होलीcode: hi is deprecated , بالكنادا: ಹೋಳಿcode: kn is deprecated , بالماراثية: होळीcode: mr is deprecated , نـِپالي: होलीcode: ne is deprecated , بالپنجابي: ਹੋਲੀcode: pa is deprecated , بالتلوگو: హోళిcode: te is deprecated ) is also known as Basanto Utsav (بالبنغالية: বসন্ত উত্সবcode: bn is deprecated ) ("Spring festival") in West Bengal and Assam; Festival of Colours, or Dol Jatra (قالب:Lang-as) in Assam, Dola jātra (بالاوريا: ଦୋଳଯାତ୍ରାcode: or is deprecated ) in Odisha; also known as Phakuwa or Phagwah (قالب:Lang-as). The customs and celebrations vary between regions of India.

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احتفالات

الهند

بيهار / جارخاند

جوا

ولاية گوجارات

"Celebration of Spring by Krishna and Radha", 18th-century miniature; in the Guimet Museum, Paris.

جامو وكشمير

كارناتاكا

ولاية ماهاراشترا

مانيبور

أوديشا

An 1822 drawing showing elevation of a black stone arch in Puri, Odisha. It carried Vaishnavite gods and goddess, the ritual noted to be a part of the Holi festival.^[18]

البنجاب

تاميل نادو

تيلانجانا

Kama Dahanam (Shiva Turns Kama to Ashes)

Kama Dahanam or Holi Bonfire

تريبورا

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ولاية أوتار براديش

Colour drenched gopis in Krishna Temple, Mathura, India.
In the Braj region of North India, women have the option to playfully hit men who save themselves with shields; for the day, men are culturally expected to accept whatever women dish out to them. This ritual is called Lath Mar Holi.^[19]
A play of colours then a dance at a Hindu temple near Mathura, at Holi.

أوتارانتشال

ولاية البنغال الغربية

نيبال

Preparing for Holika Dahan, Kathamandu, Nepal.
Locals celebrating Holi in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Two women celebrating Holi in Kathmandu, Nepal.

باكستان

Faces smeared with Holi colours

Holi is celebrated by the minority Hindu population in Pakistan. Community events by Hindus have been reported by Pakistani media in various cities such as Karachi,^[20] Hazara,^[21] Rawalpindi, Sindh, Hyderabad, Multan and Lahore.^[22] The Hindu tribes of Cholistan in the Punjab province of Pakistan play the game called Khido in the days leading up to the Holi. The game Khido is considered sacred by them as it is believed that Parhlad used to play this game during his childhood.^[23]

الشتات الهندي

Holi festival in London, UK near the Battersea Power Station.
Drummers of Indo-Caribbean community celebrating Phagwah (Holi) in New York City, 2013.
A celebration of Holi Festival in the United States.

سورينام

ترينيداد وتوباگو

گيانا

فيجي

موريشيوس

الولايات المتحدة

إندونيسيا

ألوان هولي

Flowers of Dhak or Palash are used to make traditional colours.

المصادر التقليدية للألوان

أحمر وبرتقالي

أخضر

أصفر

Colours for Holi on sale at a market in Mysore

أزرق

Magenta and purple

بني

أسود

الألوان الاصطناعية

مسحوق هولي

التأثير الصحي

التأثير البيئي

التطبيق

التأثير على الثقافات الأخرى

Holi celebrated at the Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple in Utah, United States.

أحداث مستوحاة من هولي

مرئيات


احتفال الآلاف من المحتفلين بهورانجا، وهي لعبة تم لعبها بين الرجال والنساء بمناسبة نهاية مهرجان هولي في ماثورا، الهند.

انظر أيضأ

Kha b-Nisan
Midsummer
Nowruz
Songkran (Thailand), famous for ritualised public water fights

ملاحظات

المصادر

^ ^أ ^ب ^ت The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) ISBN 0-19-861263-X p. 874 "Holi /'həʊli:/ noun a Hindu spring festival ...".
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة wiley42
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة bal269
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة wpnonhindus
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة ht
^ "Holi 2022 Date: When is Holi and Holika Dahan this year, know the Muhurta and its importance". Financialexpress (in الإنجليزية). 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
^ "Holi 2022: Know The Date, Time, Significance And History Of The Festival". NDTV. 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
^ "Nepal festival calendar: 15 major festivals of Nepal in 12 months every year - OnlineKhabar English News". Online Khabar. 1 May 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
^ "What is Holi?". BBC Bitesize (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). Retrieved 18 March 2022.
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة yg
^ McKim Marriott (2006). John Stratton Hawley and Vasudha Narayanan (ed.). The Life of Hinduism. University of California Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-520-24914-1., Quote: "Holi, he said with a beatific sigh, is the Festival of Love!"
^ Schwartz, Susan L. (6 October 2004). Rasa: Performing the Divine in India (in الإنجليزية). Columbia University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-231-13145-2.
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Deepta
^ What Is Hinduism? (in الإنجليزية). Himalayan Academy Publications. 2007. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-934145-27-2.
^ "Festivals for Spring: Holi and Basant Kite Festival: Holi". Holi celebrates love, forgiveness, and triumph of good over evil
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Lorenzen
^ خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Roveda
^ "Elevation of the black stone arch". V&A: Search the Collections. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 10 April 2016. Object history note: The arch is covered with figures of Vaishnavite gods and hung with rings. A crowd of Hindus are celebrating the festival of the Dol Jatra or Swing festival in which the image of Vishnu and his consort are swung in a throne suspended by chains from the rings of the arch. The celebration is part of the Holi festival and takes place at the full moon of the month of Phalguna (February to March).
^ Lathmar Holi Festival Lane Turner, Boston Globe, (5 March 2012)
^ Soaked in mirth and colour, Hindu community celebrates Holi, Sarah Munir (28 March 2013) Tribune. Retrieved 7 January 2015
^ 'Holi ayi, Holi ayi': Hindus in Hazara celebrate the arrival of spring, the festival of love (17 March 2014) Tribune. Retrieved 7 January 2015
^ Holi celebrations in Pakistan, (17 March 2014) Dawn. Retrieved 7 January 2015
^ "The Colours of Holi with the Hindus of Cholistan". Retrieved 21 March 2020.

وصلات خارجية

Find more about هولي at Wikipedia's sister projects
	Definitions from Wiktionary
	Media from Commons
	Database entry Q10259 on Wikidata

هولي at Curlie

[OED-Holi-1] أ ^ب ^ت The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) ISBN 0-19-861263-X p. 874 "Holi /'həʊli:/ noun a Hindu spring festival ...".

[wiley42-2] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة wiley42

[bal269-3] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة bal269

[wpnonhindus-4] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة wpnonhindus

[ht-5] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة ht

[6] "Holi 2022 Date: When is Holi and Holika Dahan this year, know the Muhurta and its importance". Financialexpress (in الإنجليزية). 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.

[7] "Holi 2022: Know The Date, Time, Significance And History Of The Festival". NDTV. 16 March 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.

[8] "Nepal festival calendar: 15 major festivals of Nepal in 12 months every year - OnlineKhabar English News". Online Khabar. 1 May 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2022.

[9] "What is Holi?". BBC Bitesize (in الإنجليزية البريطانية). Retrieved 18 March 2022.

[yg-10] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة yg

[11] McKim Marriott (2006). John Stratton Hawley and Vasudha Narayanan (ed.). The Life of Hinduism. University of California Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-520-24914-1., Quote: "Holi, he said with a beatific sigh, is the Festival of Love!"

[Schwartz-12] Schwartz, Susan L. (6 October 2004). Rasa: Performing the Divine in India (in الإنجليزية). Columbia University Press. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-231-13145-2.

[Deepta-13] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Deepta

[14] What Is Hinduism? (in الإنجليزية). Himalayan Academy Publications. 2007. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-934145-27-2.

[15] "Festivals for Spring: Holi and Basant Kite Festival: Holi". Holi celebrates love, forgiveness, and triumph of good over evil

[Lorenzen-16] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Lorenzen

[Roveda-17] خطأ استشهاد: وسم <ref> غير صحيح؛ لا نص تم توفيره للمراجع المسماة Roveda

[18] "Elevation of the black stone arch". V&A: Search the Collections. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 10 April 2016. Object history note: The arch is covered with figures of Vaishnavite gods and hung with rings. A crowd of Hindus are celebrating the festival of the Dol Jatra or Swing festival in which the image of Vishnu and his consort are swung in a throne suspended by chains from the rings of the arch. The celebration is part of the Holi festival and takes place at the full moon of the month of Phalguna (February to March).

[19] Lathmar Holi Festival Lane Turner, Boston Globe, (5 March 2012)

[20] Soaked in mirth and colour, Hindu community celebrates Holi, Sarah Munir (28 March 2013) Tribune. Retrieved 7 January 2015

[21] 'Holi ayi, Holi ayi': Hindus in Hazara celebrate the arrival of spring, the festival of love (17 March 2014) Tribune. Retrieved 7 January 2015

[22] Holi celebrations in Pakistan, (17 March 2014) Dawn. Retrieved 7 January 2015

[23] "The Colours of Holi with the Hindus of Cholistan". Retrieved 21 March 2020.

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هولي Holi
Krishna playing Holi with Radha and other gopis
يُحتفى به	Hindus,^[1] Sikhs, Jains,^[2] Newar Buddhists,^[3] and others^[4]
النوع	Religious, cultural, spring festival
الاحتفالات	Night after Holika Dahan, Kama Dahan On Holi: spraying coloured dye, playing with coloured powder, dancing, greetings, festival delicacies^[5]
التاريخ	māsa (amānta) / māsa (purnimānta), pakṣa, tithi
التكرار	Annual

Hindu festival dates The Hindu calendar is lunisolar but most festival dates are specified using the lunar portion of the calendar. A lunar day is uniquely identified by three calendar elements: māsa (lunar month), pakṣa (lunar fortnight) and tithi (lunar day). Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. amānta / pūrṇimānta. Iff a festival falls in the waning phase of the moon, these two traditions identify the same lunar day as falling in two different (but successive) masa. A lunar year is shorter than a solar year by about eleven days. As a result, most Hindu festivals occur on different days in successive years on the Gregorian calendar.
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