المعرفة

مجلس الكنائس العالمي

مجلس الكنائس العالمي (بالإنجليزية: World Council of Churches) هو مجلس كنائس علمي تأسس في سنة 1948، ويتضمن معظم الكنائس البروتستانتية والأرثوذكسية شرقية، لكنها لا تتضمن الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية وهي موجودة فيها بصفة مراقب. وقد أنشأت هذا المجلس مع بدأ فترة المسكونية حيث بدأت الكنائس تدعو للوحدة.

شعار مجلس الكنائس العالمي

جميع الكنائس الموجودة في هذا المجلس تؤمن أن يسوع المسيح هو المخلص طبقاً لنصوص الإنجيل وتؤمن بالثالوث، يقع مقر مجلس الكنائس في المجلس المسكوني في جنيف في سويسرا. ويضم هذا المجلس عدد كبير من الطوائف وألتي يتبعها أكثر من 590 مليون نسمة في العالم في 150 دولة. وتتضمن 520 ألف أبرشية يخدمها 493 ألف كاهن ومعلمين ولاهوتيين.[1]

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الأحداث والرؤساء

الاجتماعات

The World Council of Churches held 10 Assemblies to date, starting with the founding assembly in 1948:[2]

  1. Amsterdam, Netherlands, 22 August – 4 September 1948
  2. Evanston, Illinois, الولايات المتحدة, 15–31 August 1954
  3. New Delhi, India, 19 November – 5 December 1961
  4. Uppsala, Sweden, 4–20 July 1968
  5. Nairobi, Kenya, 23 November – 10 December 1975
  6. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 24 July – 10 August 1983
  7. Canberra, ACT, Australia, 7–21 February 1991[3]
  8. Harare, Zimbabwe, 3–14 December 1998
  9. Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 14–23 February 2006
  10. Busan, South Korea, 30 October - 8 November 2013

الرؤساء

The Presidents of the World Council of Churches are:[4]

A former president of the WCC was Rev. Martin Niemöller, the famous Protestant anti-Nazi theologian.

الأمناء العامون

Since the World Council of Churches was officially founded in 1948, the following men have served as general secretary:[5]

الأعوام الاسم الكنائس الجنسية
1948–1966 W. A. Visser 't Hooft Reformed Churches in the Netherlands/Federation of Swiss Protestant Churches, Geneva Netherlands
1966–1972 Eugene Carson Blake United Presbyterian Church (USA) الولايات المتحدة
1972–1984 Philip A. Potter Methodist Church Dominica
1985–1992 Emilio Castro Evangelical Methodist Church of Uruguay Uruguay
1993–2003 Konrad Raiser Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) Germany
2004–2009 Samuel Kobia Methodist Church in Kenya كنيا
2010–الحاضر Olav Fykse Tveit كنيسة النرويج النرويج

انتقادات

تغلغل ونفوذ الكي جي بي

الموقف تجاه إسرائيل

The World Council of Churches has been described as taking an adversarial position toward the state of Israel.[6] It has also been claimed the council has focused particularly on activities and publications criticizing Israel in comparison with other human rights issues.[7][8] It is similarly claimed that it downplayed appeals from Egyptian Copts about human rights abuses under Sadat and Mubarak, in order to focus on its neighbour.[6] In 2009, the Council called for an international boycott on goods produced in Israeli settlements, which it described as 'illegal, unjust' and 'incompatible with peace'.[9] In 2013, the General Secretary was reported to claim in Cairo, "We support the Palestinians. The WCC supports the Palestinians, because they are in the right."[10] The WCC's Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme in Palestine and Israel (EAPPI) has been criticised by the Board of Deputies for promoting "an inflammatory and partisan programme at the expense of its interfaith relations".[11] The WCC secretariat was involved in preparing and helped disseminate the Kairos Palestine Document, which declares “the Israeli occupation of Palestinian land is a sin against God and humanity because it deprives the Palestinians of their basic human rights”, and in the view of one critic, its "authors want to see a single state ".[12]

معارضة الصهيونية المسيحية

Christian Zionists, who have long represented a substantial proportion of historic and contemporary Protestants,[13] are characterised as those "distort the interpretation of the Word of God" and "damage intra-Christian relations".[14]

A professor emeritus of political science outlined the WCC's focus as having "shifted the discussion of the disturbing problems of the Middle East from the acute ones in Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Egypt, and Iran, to the alleged deficiencies of Israel."[15]

In this context, what is a source of concern is that Islamic fundamentalisms are giving rise to a counter reaction of other religious fundamentalisms, the most dangerous of which is Jewish fundamentalism which exploits the Islamic fundamentalist phenomenon to justify before western societies the distasteful aberrations of Zionism in Palestine.

— WCC working paper, Lebanon, May 2013 [16]

انظر أيضاً


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الهامش

  1. ^ WCC member churches — World Council of Churches
  2. ^ Timeline | | World Council of Churches. Oikoumene.org. Retrieved on 2014-01-15.
  3. ^ 10th Assembly of the World Council of Churches — WCC 10th Assembly. WCC-Assembly.info (2012-10-29). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.
  4. ^ Press Center | World Council of Churches. Oikoumene.org. Retrieved on 2014-01-13.
  5. ^ WCC general secretaries since 1948 | | World Council of Churches. Oikoumene.org. Retrieved on 2014-01-15.
  6. ^ أ ب Merkley, Paul (March 1, 2007). Christian Attitudes Towards the State of Israel. Montreal: Mcgill Queens Univ Press. p. 284. ISBN 9780773532557.
  7. ^ Vermaat, J.A.Emerson (November 1984), "The World Council of Churches, Israel and the PLO", Mid-Stream: 3–9 
  8. ^ Rottenberg, Isaac (1989). The Turbulent Triangle: Christians-Jews-Israel: A Personal-Historical Account. Hawley, Pa.: Red Mountain Associates. pp. 61–2. ISBN 9780899627465.
  9. ^ "Statement on Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory". World Council of Churches website. 2009-09-02. Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-08-11.
  10. ^ "World Council of Churches condemns Israeli occupation". World Bulletin. 2013-04-24. Archived from the original on 2015-02-20. Retrieved 2015-02-20.
  11. ^ "Board of Deputies statement on the Synod EAPPI vote". Jewish Chronicle. 2012-07-12. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  12. ^ Lowe, Malcolm (April 2010). "The Palestinian KairosDocument: A Behind-the-Scenes Analysis". New English Review. Archived from the original on 2015-02-25.
  13. ^ "A Wesley 'Zionist' Hymn? Charles Wesley's hymn, published in 1762 and included by John Wesley in his 1780 hymn-book, A Collection of Hymns for the use of the People called Methodists". The Wesley Fellowship. 2010-07-01. Archived from the original on 2014-07-05. Retrieved 2014-07-05.
  14. ^ "Statement on Christian presence and witness in the Middle East". World Council of Churches and The Middle East Council of Churches International. 2013-05-25. Archived from the original on 2015-02-21. Retrieved 2015-02-21.
  15. ^ Curtis, Michael (2013-06-09). "Attacking Israel and Christian Zionism". American Thinker. Archived from the original on 2015-02-20. Retrieved 2015-02-20.
  16. ^ "World Council of Churches - Middle East Council of Churches International & Ecumenical Conference "Christians in the Middle East: Presence and Witness"". World Council of Churches website. 25 May 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-20. Retrieved 2015-02-20.

المصادر

Further reading

  • W. A. Visser't Hooft, The Genesis of the World Council of Churches, in: A History of The Ecumenical Movement 1517-1948, R. Rose, S. Ch. Neill (ed.), London: SPCK 1967, second edition with revised bibliography, pp. 697–724.

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