قالب:الأوزان الذرية القياسية للعناصر

v t e الأوزان الذرية القياسية للعناصر (IUPAC 2009–2021^{[ref 1]})
Z	الرمز	الاسم	A_{r, standard}	مختصر	سنة التغيير

1	H	hydrogen	-	1.0080±0.0002	2009
2	He	helium	-	4.0026±0.0001	1983
3	Li	lithium	-	6.94±0.06	2009
4	Be	beryllium	-	9.0122±0.0001	2013
5	B	boron	-	10.81±0.02	2009
6	C	carbon	-	12.011±0.002	2009
7	N	nitrogen	-	14.007±0.001	2009
8	O	oxygen	-	15.999±0.001	2009
9	F	fluorine	-	18.998±0.001	2021
10	Ne	neon	-	20.180±0.001	1985
11	Na	sodium	-	22.990±0.001	2005
12	Mg	magnesium	-	24.305±0.002	2011
13	Al	aluminium	-	26.982±0.001	2017
14	Si	silicon	-	28.085±0.001	2009
15	P	phosphorus	-	30.974±0.001	2013
16	S	sulfur	-	32.06±0.02	2009
17	Cl	chlorine	-	35.45±0.01	2009
18	Ar	argon	-	39.95±0.16	2017
19	K	potassium	-	39.098±0.001	1979
20	Ca	calcium	-	40.078±0.004	1983
21	Sc	scandium	-	44.956±0.001	2021
22	Ti	titanium	-	47.867±0.001	1993
23	V	vanadium	-	50.942±0.001	1977
24	Cr	chromium	-	51.996±0.001	1983
25	Mn	manganese	-	54.938±0.001	2017
26	Fe	iron	-	55.845±0.002	1993
27	Co	cobalt	-	58.933±0.001	2017
28	Ni	nickel	-	58.693±0.001	2007
29	Cu	copper	-	63.546±0.003	1969
30	Zn	zinc	-	65.38±0.02	2007
31	Ga	gallium	-	69.723±0.001	1987
32	Ge	germanium	-	72.630±0.008	2009
33	As	arsenic	-	74.922±0.001	2013
34	Se	selenium	-	78.971±0.008	2013
35	Br	bromine	-	79.904±0.003	2011
36	Kr	krypton	-	83.798±0.002	2001
37	Rb	rubidium	-	85.468±0.001	1969
38	Sr	strontium	-	87.62±0.01	1969
39	Y	yttrium	-	88.906±0.001	2021
40	Zr	zirconium	-	91.224±0.002	1983
41	Nb	niobium	-	92.906±0.001	2017
42	Mo	molybdenum	-	95.95±0.01	2013
43	Tc	technetium	-
44	Ru	ruthenium	-	101.07±0.02	1983
45	Rh	rhodium	-	102.91±0.01	2017
46	Pd	palladium	-	106.42±0.01	1979
47	Ag	silver	-	107.87±0.01	1985
48	Cd	cadmium	-	112.41±0.01	2013
49	In	indium	-	114.82±0.01	2011
50	Sn	tin	-	118.71±0.01	1983
51	Sb	antimony	-	121.76±0.01	1993
52	Te	tellurium	-	127.60±0.03	1969
53	I	iodine	-	126.90±0.01	1985
54	Xe	xenon	-	131.29±0.01	1999
55	Cs	caesium	-	132.91±0.01	2013
56	Ba	barium	-	137.33±0.01	1985
57	La	lanthanum	-	138.91±0.01	2005
58	Ce	cerium	-	140.12±0.01	1995
59	Pr	praseodymium	-	140.91±0.01	2017
60	Nd	neodymium	-	144.24±0.01	2005
61	Pm	promethium	-
62	Sm	samarium	-	150.36±0.02	2005
63	Eu	europium	-	151.96±0.01	1995
64	Gd	gadolinium	-	157.25±0.03	1969
65	Tb	terbium	-	158.93±0.01	2021
66	Dy	dysprosium	-	162.50±0.01	2001
67	Ho	holmium	-	164.93±0.01	2021
68	Er	erbium	-	167.26±0.01	1999
69	Tm	thulium	-	168.93±0.01	2021
70	Yb	ytterbium	-	173.05±0.02	2015
71	Lu	lutetium	-	174.97±0.01	2007
72	Hf	hafnium	-	178.49±0.01	2019
73	Ta	tantalum	-	180.95±0.01	2005
74	W	tungsten	-	183.84±0.01	1991
75	Re	rhenium	-	186.21±0.01	1973
76	Os	osmium	-	190.23±0.03	1991
77	Ir	iridium	-	192.22±0.01	2017
78	Pt	platinum	-	195.08±0.02	2005
79	Au	gold	-	196.97±0.01	2017
80	Hg	mercury	-	200.59±0.01	2011
81	Tl	thallium	-	204.38±0.01	2009
82	Pb	lead	-	207.2±1.1	2020
83	Bi	bismuth	-	208.98±0.01	2005
84	Po	polonium	-
85	At	astatine	-
86	Rn	radon	-
87	Fr	francium	-
88	Ra	radium	-
89	Ac	actinium	-
90	Th	thorium	-	232.04±0.01	2013
91	Pa	protactinium	-	231.04±0.01	2017
92	U	uranium	-	238.03±0.01	1999
93	Np	neptunium	-
94	Pu	plutonium	-
95	Am	americium	-
96	Cm	curium	-
97	Bk	berkelium	-
98	Cf	californium	-
99	Es	einsteinium	-
100	Fm	fermium	-
101	Md	mendelevium	-
102	No	nobelium	-
103	Lr	lawrencium	-
104	Rf	rutherfordium	-
105	Db	dubnium	-
106	Sg	seaborgium	-
107	Bh	bohrium	-
108	Hs	hassium	-
109	Mt	meitnerium	-
110	Ds	darmstadtium	-
111	Rg	roentgenium	-
112	Cn	copernicium	-
113	Nh	nihonium	-
114	Fl	flerovium	-
115	Mc	moscovium	-
116	Lv	livermorium	-
117	Ts	tennessine	-
118	Og	oganesson	-

^

(This list: view • edit )

CIAAW may publish changes to atomic weights (including its precision and derived values). Since 1947, any update this is done in odd years nominally; the actual date of publication may be some time later.

2009 {{CIAAW2009}} (introducing interval notation; Ge):

"Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 83 (2): 359–396. 12 December 2010. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14.

2011 {{CIAAW2011}} (interval for Br, Mg):

قالب:CIAAW2011

2013 {{CIAAW2013}} (all elements listed):

Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

2015 {{CIAAW2015}} (ytterbium changed):

قالب:CIAAW2015

2017 {{CIAAW2017}} (14 values changed):

"Standard atomic weights of 14 chemical elements revised". CIAAW. 2018-06-05.

2019 (hafnium value changed): Meija, Juris; et al. (2019-12-09). "Standard atomic weight of hafnium revised". CIAAW. Retrieved 2020-02-25.
2020* (lead value changed): Zhu, Xiang-Kun; Benefield, Jacqueline; Coplen, Tyler B.; Gao, Zhaofu; Holden, Norman E. (1 October 2020). "Variation of lead isotopic composition and atomic weight in terrestrial materials (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2018-0916.

* "2020" is an inconsistent year for change publication: CIAAW maintains that only odd years, changes are publicised.

2021 {{CIAAW2021}} (all elements listed); (4 values changed; introduced new symbol; merge "conventional" into "abridged" columns; change uncertainty notation (use "±")

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
Uncertainty handling

About notation and handling of the uncertainty in the values, including those in [ ] range values:

Possolo, Antonio; van der Veen, Adriaan M.H.; Meija, Juris; et al. (4 Jan 2018). "Interpreting and propagating the uncertainty of the standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2016-0402. Retrieved 20 Oct 2020.
{{CIAAW2021}}: changing notation (i.e., interpretation, not the value) from 123.45(2) into 123.45±0.02

المراجع اللاغية

{{NUBASE 1997}} — Audi
{{NUBASE 2003}} — Audi (used in the 2008 enwiki "Isotopes of <element>" Big Tables)
{{NUBASE 2012}}
{{CIAAW2003}} — De Laeter
{{CIAAW 2005}} — Wieser

{{CRC85}} ({{CRC85|chapter=11}}) &mdsh; Holden
"Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. -- broken/bad access

See also: {{Isotopes table/references}}

المراجع

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[1] 
(This list: view • edit )
CIAAW may publish changes to atomic weights (including its precision and derived values). Since 1947, any update this is done in odd years nominally; the actual date of publication may be some time later.
2009 {{CIAAW2009}} (introducing interval notation; Ge):

"Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. 83 (2): 359–396. 12 December 2010. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14.

2011 {{CIAAW2011}} (interval for Br, Mg):

قالب:CIAAW2011

2013 {{CIAAW2013}} (all elements listed):

Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

2015 {{CIAAW2015}} (ytterbium changed):

قالب:CIAAW2015

2017 {{CIAAW2017}} (14 values changed):

"Standard atomic weights of 14 chemical elements revised". CIAAW. 2018-06-05.

2019 (hafnium value changed): Meija, Juris; et al. (2019-12-09). "Standard atomic weight of hafnium revised". CIAAW. Retrieved 2020-02-25.

2020* (lead value changed): Zhu, Xiang-Kun; Benefield, Jacqueline; Coplen, Tyler B.; Gao, Zhaofu; Holden, Norman E. (1 October 2020). "Variation of lead isotopic composition and atomic weight in terrestrial materials (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2018-0916.

* "2020" is an inconsistent year for change publication: CIAAW maintains that only odd years, changes are publicised.

2021 {{CIAAW2021}} (all elements listed); (4 values changed; introduced new symbol; merge "conventional" into "abridged" columns; change uncertainty notation (use "±")

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (in الإنجليزية). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

Uncertainty handling

About notation and handling of the uncertainty in the values, including those in [ ] range values:

Possolo, Antonio; van der Veen, Adriaan M.H.; Meija, Juris; et al. (4 Jan 2018). "Interpreting and propagating the uncertainty of the standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2016-0402. Retrieved 20 Oct 2020.

{{CIAAW2021}}: changing notation (i.e., interpretation, not the value) from 123.45(2) into 123.45±0.02

المراجع اللاغية

{{NUBASE 1997}} — Audi

{{NUBASE 2003}} — Audi (used in the 2008 enwiki "Isotopes of <element>" Big Tables)

{{NUBASE 2012}}

{{CIAAW2003}} — De Laeter

{{CIAAW 2005}} — Wieser

{{CRC85}} ({{CRC85|chapter=11}}) &mdsh; Holden

"Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. -- broken/bad access

See also: {{Isotopes table/references}}

[2] 2009 {{CIAAW2009}} (introducing interval notation; Ge):

[3] 2011 {{CIAAW2011}} (interval for Br, Mg):

[4] 2013 {{CIAAW2013}} (all elements listed):

[5] 2015 {{CIAAW2015}} (ytterbium changed):

[6] 2017 {{CIAAW2017}} (14 values changed):

[7] 2019 (hafnium value changed): Meija, Juris; et al. (2019-12-09). "Standard atomic weight of hafnium revised". CIAAW. Retrieved 2020-02-25.

[8] 2020* (lead value changed): Zhu, Xiang-Kun; Benefield, Jacqueline; Coplen, Tyler B.; Gao, Zhaofu; Holden, Norman E. (1 October 2020). "Variation of lead isotopic composition and atomic weight in terrestrial materials (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2018-0916.

[9] 2021 {{CIAAW2021}} (all elements listed); (4 values changed; introduced new symbol; merge "conventional" into "abridged" columns; change uncertainty notation (use "±")

[10] Possolo, Antonio; van der Veen, Adriaan M.H.; Meija, Juris; et al. (4 Jan 2018). "Interpreting and propagating the uncertainty of the standard atomic weights (IUPAC Technical Report)". doi:10.1515/pac-2016-0402. Retrieved 20 Oct 2020.

[11] {{CIAAW2021}}: changing notation (i.e., interpretation, not the value) from 123.45(2) into 123.45±0.02

[12] {{NUBASE 1997}} — Audi

[13] {{NUBASE 2003}} — Audi (used in the 2008 enwiki "Isotopes of <element>" Big Tables)

[14] {{NUBASE 2012}}

[15] {{CIAAW2003}} — De Laeter

[16] {{CIAAW 2005}} — Wieser

[17] {{CRC85}} ({{CRC85|chapter=11}}) &mdsh; Holden

[18] "Universal Nuclide Chart". nucleonica. -- broken/bad access

[ref 1]